• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.283-294
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of calcium concentration in saliva on dental caries activity after consuming calcium. Methods: A total of 59 adult women aged 20 to 40 years were surveyed for calcium intake. The daily average calcium intake was analyzed through dietary records of the subjects. The subjects were divided into two groups based on daily average calcium intake. Salivary pH and concentrations of minerals in the saliva were obtained from A group and B group. Calcium ($Ca^{2+}$) and magnesium ($Mg^{2+}$) concentrations in saliva were measured by HPLC-Ion chromatography using 15 mM sulfuric acid. The dental caries activity test was quantified by salivary buffer capacity test and plaque pH test. Results: The mean $Ca^{2+}$ concentrations of A group was $12.75{\mu}g/m$, the mean $Ca^{2+}$ concentrations in the B group was $16.30{\mu}g/mL$ (p<0.05) and respectively, $Mg^{2+}$ concentrations were found to be $0.48{\mu}g/mL$ and $0.51{\mu}g/mL$. Calcium intake and calcium concentration in saliva showed a significant correlation (r=0.380). Conclusions: The mean $Ca^{2+}$ concentrations in saliva was higher in the high calcium intake group. Therefore, calcium intake in saliva was correlated with dental caries.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.134-139
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• 2000

Angelica gigas Nakai (danggui) is a popular herb which has been used as a blood-building decoction for recovery from weakness in the Chinese medicine. Its demand increased in functional foods and pharmaceutical industries. For its hygiene, fumigation has been used, but the use of fumigants are going to be prohibited for food processing. In order to investigate gamma irradiation technique for hygiene of danggui, the immunomodulation activity of danggui after irradiation was examined. The water extract of irradiated danggui showed a strong mitogenic effect on splenocytes in vitro to the same level of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA). The effect was not different from that of non-danggui. It was tested whether there was any difference between irradiated and non-irradiated danggui in effects on the secretion of antibodies and graft versus host reaction in vivo. It turned out that intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of the extract of irradiated danggui for 4 days remarkably increased the number of antibody-secreting cells in mice injected with sheep red blood cells (SRBC). Splenomegaly, due to graft versus host reacton, was also increased after 7 days i.p. administration of the extract of danggui in mice injected with allogeneic splenocytes. In these two in vivo test, the effect were not different from those of non-irradiated danggui. These results indicated that immunomodulation activity of danggui might be preserved after irradiation. In the other experiments (data not shown), the irradiated danggui was stable in active component analysis and safe in genetic toxicity test. In further research, the stability in other physiological activity of irradiated danggui will have to be proved before practical application of irradiation for hygiene.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.305-312
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• 2019

This study was conducted to effect the cell activity and cytotoxicity of dentifrice. For the study, 6 kinds of general dentifrice, 3 kind of whitening dentifrice, 2 kinds of natural dentifrice and SLS(sodium lauryl sulfate) of positive control group. Immortalized human gingiva fibroblast cell was used for the study, WST test for cell activity and Agar diffusion test for cytotoxicity. Agar diffusion test showed high cytotoxicity in general dentifrice test group and whitening dentifrice test group, but low cytotoxicity in natural dentifrice test group. As a result of cell nucleus staining, cell shape and nuclear activity showed that the highest activity in natural dentifrice group, followed by whitening dentifrice group and general dentifrice group. As a result of this study, the cytotoxicity of different ingredient and according to the use to dentifrice. As a result of this study, we confirm cytotoxicity of kind and components according to the purpose of using dentifrice. Therefore, it is necessary to indicate the detailed ingredients of dentifrice for the smart choice of consumers.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.193-204
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• 2008

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to make a comparative analysis of the curriculum segment of the dental hygiene education accrediting criteria, one of the six segments of the criteria, and the curriculums of 26 colleges in a bid to provide information on the modification or improvement of the curriculums. Method : The curriculums of 18 three-year-course colleges and eight four-year-course universities were selected, and the courses offered by 10 colleges or more were categorized into three different fields to tabulate the courses: primary education, prevention / education, and clinical dental hygiene. After the courses were analyzed, some of them that were possible to integrate in view of dental hygienist duties were presented in this study as inclusive courses. Results : There was connection among the degree courses of the three-year-course curriculums in the field of primary education. The curriculums failed to keep up with the worldwide globalization trend. 90 credits or more were allocated to major subjects, which satisfied one of the mandatory requirements of the accrediting criteria, and two colleges provided theoretical and practical courses in the ratio of 50:50. A wide variety of personality-education and teaching-profession courses were offered according to each college's circumstances. None of the colleges was equipped with an inclusive curriculum, and there was a tendency for the three-year-course colleges to offer segmented subjects in accordance with the national examination. The courses in the field of prevention and education that are bound up with the job performance of dental hygienists should be integrated into dental hygiene and practice, and the courses in the clinical dental hygiene field should be incorporated into an inclusive course of 치과임상학. The integration of the courses will make it possible to ensure the successful articulation of the different school systems and to stay abreast with the globalization trend. Even just inclusive courses should give more weight to practice than theory to bolster the job performance of dental hygienists, and an inclusive curriculum should be prepared for students to receive activity-centered hands-on education in different semesters.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.282-286
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• 2000

Agarooligosaccharides were produced by $\beta$-agarase from Bacillus cereus ASK 202. LD$_{50}$ of Agarooligosaccharides was determined to be 1359 mg/kg which corresponded to GRAS material. Agarooligosaccharides at 5% level exhibited 88.3% inhibition on TA98 and 54% on TA100, indicating agarooligosaccharides to be potent antimutagenic substance. Immunologic activity of agarooligosaccharides was also confirmed by mouse spleen cell culture. Agrooligosaccharides addition of 200 $\mu$l/ml stabilized spleen cells (2.5$\times$10$^{6}$ cells/ml) as compared to control (6.4$\times$10$^4$ cells/ml).

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.37-40
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• 2001

Recently, consumer's demand for natural preservatives is increasing because of residual toxicity, mutagenicity and etc. of synthetic preservatives and th study of natural preservatives is being done. In this study, antimicrobial activity of spices was investigated. Fungi occurred in bread and d noodle without mustard after 3days and 4days, respectively. However, they didn't occured in bread and noodle with mustard ball. Temperature of the water used in mixing-up mustard powder didn't affect antimicrobial activity of mustard. Fungi occurred in bread with cinnamon, Japanese pepper or horseradish after 4days, 4days or 6days, respectively. However, there wasn't the occurrence of fungi in bread with mustard after 8days, yet. Mustard and horseradish of extracts by water of spices had a strong antimicrobial activity. But the extracts by ethanol had 1ow antimicrobial activity.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.826-828
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• 2003

The effects of crude extract and bioactive fractions from Brachyglottis monroi on biological activity were investigated. The crude ethanol extract inhibited the growth of the Gram positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis (ATCC Strain number 19659, 1 mm zone at 150 μg/disk) and the dermatophyte Trichophyton mentagrophytes (ATCC 28185, 2 mm zone at 150 μg/disk), and toxic to P388 tumor cells (IC50 23.96 μg/ml at 75 μg/disk). Cytotoxic activity was strongly showed by Fr. 6 (P388 IC50 19.67 μg/ml at 75 μg/disk).

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.173-175
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• 2000

Nine strains of pathogenic Vibrio sp. of clinical and environmental origin were examined for the degradation of gelatin, casein and hemolysin which is important to the virulence of this bacterium. Culture filtrates of all nine strains of Vibrio exhibited proteolytic activities. Especially, four strains of V. parahaemolyticus and one V. alginolyticus showed strong gelatin-degrading activity. In terms of hemolytic activity, three V. parahaemolyticus and V. mimicus showed strong $\beta$-hemolysis whereas those of strains of V. alginolyticus, V. fluvialis, V. vulnificus examined lacked this activity.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.176-178
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• 2000

V parahaemolyticus possessed an extracellular alkaline pretense activity during the stationary growth phase. Various factors such as nitrogen sources, the concentration of NaCl and metal ions were investigated for optimizing the production of alkaline pretense from V. parahaemolyticus ATCC 17802. Among the nitrogen sources tested skim milk showed the distinct increase of the activity and the activity was the highest at 2% in final concentration after 60 hours incubation. The addition of NaCl and metal ions did not increase the alkaline pretense activity. CoC$_2$, CuC1$_2$, and HgCl rather highly inhibited alkaline protease production.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.263-270
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• 1995

In order to promote the prevention of microbial and enzymatic spoilage and to retain the freshiness, sweet persimmons harvested in Gyeongsangnam-do were treated with graperfruit seed extract(GFSE)-CaCO3 mixture and stored in the proper packaging conditions. A low concentration of GFSE showed effective growth inhibition of plant pathological bacteria and fungi, Enterobacter pyrinus and Fusarium sp., which were involved in the decay of fruits and vegetables. GFSE was stable to heat treatment; its antimicrobial activity was not changed by heat treatment upto 10$0^{\circ}C$. However, when the temperature was raised to 12$0^{\circ}C$, about 90% of total activity was retained within 30 min. GFSE was also highly stable to broad pH changes; its activity was not changed in the range of pH 2.0 to pH 12.0. The physiological function of cell membrane in the spores of Bacillus cereus and the hyphae of Fusarium sp. was destroyed by treating with GFSE. It was observed that treating sweet persimmons with GFSE minxture and storing them in strech-wrapped packages could prolong the greshness of sweet persimmons and reduce quality deterioration.