• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.688-696
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• 2018

Hemp seed (Cannabis sativa L.; HS), an annual herbaceous plant in the Cannabis genus, has been reported to play various biological functions in immunity increase, atherosclerosis, constipation, hyperlipidemia prevention, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer. In recently years, as superfood, the growing interest in the health care benefits of hemp seed has led to increased consumption. In this study, we investigated the effect of an ethanol extract of HS fermented with lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum KCTC 3107, L. plantarum KCTC 3108, L. brevis BHN-LAB128, L. paracasei BHN-LAB129). An antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus were 13.99 mm and 15.17 mm, respectively. The ethanol extracts of fermented hemp seed by lactic acid bacteria that the contents of total polyphenol, total flavonoid content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, SOD-like activity, and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity were increased compared to non-fermented hemp seed. Also, tyrosinase inhibitory activity of the fermented hemp seed (FHS), known to melanin increasing substance was increased. In these results, we suggested that FHS have effects of anti-oxidant, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity, and tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Hence, we proposed that FHS has possible to development as functional foods and cosmetics.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.23-36
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• 2010

In this paper, this writer looked into the initial law and fortification, which are two of the most important phonetic changes of Sino-Korean words. Pronunciation and inscription rules of Oriental Medical terminologies have also been studied. Moreover, several problems of meaningful rendering of Oriental Medical Chinese terminologies into Korean have been looked into. As a result, the following conclusions could be drawn. 1. The initial law only applies to Sino-Korean words that consist of more than one syllable. It does not apply to words borrowed from foreign languages. Especially, compound words like Jang-ssi-yu-gyeong(張氏類經) or Im-sin-yuk-hyeol(姙娠衄血) consist of already existing words such as Jang-ssi(張氏), Yu-gyeong(類經), Im-sin(姙娠), and Yuk-hyeol(衄血), and thus the initial law applies to these words. They are inscribed and pronounced 'Jang-ssi-yu-gyeong' and 'Im-sin-yuk-hyeol'. 2. Fortification of Sino-Korean words can be applied variously according to the structure and meaning of the words. Words such as '科', '格', '氣', '法', '病', '症', and '證' are often fortified and at the same time used frequently in Oriental Medicine. Also, many other words are derived from these words. However, there has not been a scholastic consent among the Oriental Medical society as to in which circumstances these words will be fortified. Therefore, a standardization process to stipulate the pronunciation of Oriental Medical terminologies is necessary. 3. Meaningful rendering of Oriental Medical Chinese terminologies into Korean also needs scholastic investigation. Especially, the word 兪 should be meaningfully rendered and pronounced 'su' just like the words 輸 and 腧, but is wrongly pronounced 'yu'. Other than this, the words 井滎兪經合, 秦艽, 膻中, 共振丹, 成無已, and 麗澤通氣湯 should respectively be pronounced 'jeong-hyeong-su-gyeong-hap', 'jin-gyo', 'dan-jung', 'gong-sin-dan', 'Seong-mu-yi', and 'Yi-taek-tong-gi-tang'. Moreover, there are four pronunciations to the word 梴 of 李梴. This should also be standardized. This writer proposes that in the future, correct meaningful rendering of Chinese terminologies into Korean and phonetic signs be inscribed in dictionaries regarding Oriental Medical terminologies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.345-352
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• 2005

In up-to-date information anger time it is caused by with business of traffic accident control and analysis and two time it accomplishes a business. National Police Office which controls a traffic accident does not execute an up-to-date technique. And, it is working yet by the hand, There is to traffic accident analysis and the research regarding the analysis against the research which it follows in geography element and composition element and an accident cause is weak. Consequently, effectively establishment and it enforces a traffic safety policy and from the hazard which it evaluates traffic accident data the system and scientific analysis against a traffic accident occurrence cause and a feature in basic must become accomplished. The research which it sees constructs a traffic accident data in GIS base. It is like that, it uses the PDA where is not the collection of data of text form in existing and at real-time it converts store and an accident data rightly in standard traffic accident data form and it will be able to manage. It was related with a space data peculiarity and the research regarding the system development with the geography analysis data about an accident cause under manifesting it accomplished.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.11-16
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was aimed to analyze the incidence and the anatomical distributions of HME (Hereditary Multiple Exostoses) on upper limbs and its related change in alignment of the upper limbs in HME patients. Materials and Methods: Thirty eight patients who had been diagnosed HME between 2001 and 2009, were categorized into two groups; (1) group A (1-2 involvements); (2) group B (${\geq}$3 involvements). We checked the carrying angle, VAS (Visual Analogue Scale), limitations in daily activities, cosmetic satisfaction according to the number of exostoses invasion. Results: Among the 38 patients, 23 patients (43 cases) had exostoses in the upper limbs. The locations of exostoses in the upper limbs were proximal humerus in 33 cases (30%), distal ulna in 31 cases (28.2%), and distal radius in 24 cases (21.8%). The carrying angle of group A and B was $10.7^{\circ}$, $13.8^{\circ}$, VAS was 1.3, 3.5, and the limitations in daily activities was 7.3, 6.6 of 8 points. The cosmetic satisfactory cases were 13 and 10 cases, respectively. Conclusion: The deformity in upper limbs was observed in 65% of the HME patients. As the number of invasion increases, carrying angle and VAS were increased but limitations in daily activities and cosmetic satisfaction were decreased.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.158-163
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• 1997

From July 1994 to August 1995, 32 patients underwent coronary artery bypass surgery. There were 14 men and 18 women. The mean age was 59 years (range from 37 to 81 years). Preoperatively 26 patients had unstable angina pectoris and 6 patients had stable angina pectoris. Nine patients had previous myocardial infarction hi tory. Five patients had preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction of 40% or less, The involved risk factors were as follows ; smoking 19 cases, hypertension 16 cases, hypercholesterolemia 14 cases, diabetes mellitus 6 cases, and obesity 3 cases.21 patients had three-vessel disease, 7 patients had two-vessel disease, 2 patients had one-vessel disease and 2 patients had left main coronary artery disease. We performed 103 distal bypasses out of 32 cases, and the mean number of grafts per patients is 3.22. We used arterial grafts (left internal mammary artery,)1, radial artery; 2) in 32% of total grafts. Postoperative complications were low cardiac output, perioperative myocardial infarction, respiratory failure and atrial fibrillation, etc. Early mortality was 6.25% (2/32). The causes of deaths were low cardiac output (1), and perioperative myocardial infarction(1).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2012.03a
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• pp.90-90
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• 2012

극세섬유는, 1970년대 말부터 일본의 합섬업체들이 천연소재인 Silk를 모방하기 위해 개발을 시작하였으며, 개발된 섬유의 굵기가 0.5d(1denier=1g/9,000m)이하인 것을 말한다. 이후 극세사에 대한 끊임없는 노력으로, 1980년대에는 천연스웨이드 풍의 인조피혁의 제조가 가능한 0.1d이하급 초극세사가 N/P(Nylon/Polyester) 복합방사된 형태로 개발되었으며, 일본, 및 한국 등에서 이들 소재로 제조된 직편물 제품이 첨단 고부가소재로서 호황을 누려왔다. 이러한 초극세사는 다양한 형태로 발전되어왔는데, 해도형(Islands-in-a-Sea Type), N/P(Nylon/PET), P/N(PET/Nylon) 등이 대표적인 형태이며, 가공공정 중에서 분할이 되면서 그 특성을 발현한다고 하여 분할사, 형태에 따라서 N/P 분할사라 하기도 한다. 최근들어 이러한 N/P 분할사는 기존의 의류용 용도뿐만 아니라, Wiping Cloth, 극세사 타울, 항진드기용 침장 등 다양한 비의류용 소재로도 확대 전개되고 있으며, 이렇게 다양화 되어가고 있는 용도에 따른 공정별 최적 가공 방법에 대한 연구가 진행 중이다. 사가공 공정에 있어서는 텍스쳐링 방법이 적용되기도 하는데, 가장 보편화된 텍스쳐링 방법으로는 DTY(Draw Texturing Yarn), ATY(Air Texturing Yarn) 등의 형태가 있으며, 이러한 텍스쳐링 방법은 물성에 민감한 N/P 분할사의 강도, 신도, 분할도에 영향을 미치게 된다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 텍스쳐링 방법이 아닌 Fancy사 형태로 사가공을 하였으며, 직물로 제직하고, 분할 가공하여 직물로써의 물성까지 분석하였다. Fancy사는 색이나 형의 변화로 디자인효과를 준 실을 말하는데, 심사, 부사, 압사로 이뤄지며 의장사, 장식사 등으로 불려지기도 한다. 주요 공정을 보면, 크릴형성용 부사를 500-600T/M으로 가연한 연사를 얻는 제1공정과, 이 가연된 부사와 심사를 합사하는 제2공정 및 합사된 크릴의 뒤틀림을 방지하기 위하여 압사로 크릴을 고정하여 주는 제3공정으로 이루어진다. 사용된 N/P 분할사는 NP30/36dty, NP50/36dty를 사용하였으며, 부사의 오버피드 및 피드되는 사에 따라 각각 8종, 7종의 Fancy사를 제조하여 섬도(Denier), 강도(Tenacity), 신도(Elongation)를 측정하였다. 또한, 이들 사들로 제직 및 분할가공을 하여 인장강도, 인장신도, 인열강도, 마모강도, 공기투과도 등의 물성과 중량, 두께를 측정하였으며, 온도, NaOH 농도, 시간 등의 분할 가공조건에 따른 직물의 인열강도 변화도 측정하였다. 이렇게 공정별 조건에 따른 물성의 변화분석을 통해 추후 N/P의 제품화 전개에 도움이 되고자 하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.1013-1021
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• 2010

This study was conducted to determine the effects of amino acid-enriched ruminally protected fatty acid (AARPFA) on plasma fatty acids and amino acids, growth performance and carcass characteristics of Korean native steers (Hanwoo) by simultaneous supply of fatty acids and limiting amino acids (methionine and lysine). Eighteen finishing Hanwoo steers, 18 months of age and weighing an average of $459.0{\pm}38.9\;kg$, were used for studies of the metabolism of plasma fatty acids and amino acids during supplementation of AARPFA. Also, 45 finishing Hanwoo steers, 16 months of age and weighing an average of $408.6{\pm}26.5\;kg$, were used for growth performance and carcass characteristics during supplemention of AARPFA. There were three treatments which comprised a basal diet supplemented with AARPFA at 0 g (T1), 50 g (T2) or 100 g (T3), respectively. Concentrations of saturated, unsaturated and total fatty acids in plasma were increased in T3 compared with other treatments (p<0.05). Concentrations of methionine and lysine in plasma were linearly increased with increasing levels of AARPFA (p<0.01). Average daily gain, dry matter intake and feed conversion ratio were not different among the treatments. Marbling score measured by ultra-sound scanning was higher in T3 than in T1 at 24 months of age (p<0.05). Rib eye area, back fat thickness, yield index and yield grade score were similar across the treatments. Marbling score and quality grade score were higher in T3 compared with other treatments (p<0.01). Thus, plasma fatty acids, methionine and lysine metabolism were affected by supplementing with 100 g of AARPFA which also had positive effects on marbling score and meat quality grade of finishing Hanwoo steers.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.87-92
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• 2006

The possibility of producing transgenic embryos expressing the green fluorescence protein (GFP) gene have been evaluated after transfer of exogenous gene into the porcine zygote cytoplasm using the intracytoplasm sperm injection (ICSI) as gene delivery method. For DNA binding to sperm heads, 0.05% Triton X-100 or Lipofectin was used. After injection of the sperm bound to DNA by means of Lipofectin or Triton X-100 triturate, the blastocyst formation rates on day 6 were not significantly different from that of ICSI only group (18.8, 19.2 and 25.3%). In terms of GFP expression, more embryos were in GFP form in Triton X-100 group than in Lipofectin group (40.6 vs 36.4%), while percentage of non-mosaic embryos expressing the GFP gene in all blastomere was higher (P<0.05) in Lipofectin group than in Triton X-100 group (4.2 vs 0.9%). ICSI embryos derived from sperm treated with Lipofectin/DNA complex was transferred into 3 recipients and were collected by uterine flushing on days 5, 7 and 15 after embryo transfer, and then GFP expression was observed by a fluorescence microscopy. Over 26% of the collected embryos were normally expressed GFP gene. These results suggest that foreign gene transfer method with DNA bound sperm caused minimal damage to structure of oocytes that can result to full development of porcine embryos. This was confirmed in this study when the embryos that were transferred after ISCI of DNA bound sperm had a normal development and gene expression until preimplantation.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2017

Dissipation pattern and biological half-lives of fungicides boscalid and pyraclostrobin were calculated on jujube. The pesticides were sprayed on jujube in two different field at the standard rate, respectively. The raw agricultural commodities were harvested at 0 (2 hr), 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 14 days after treatment, and analyzed by HPLC/DAD. The method limit of quantification (MLOQ) was $0.02mg\;kg^{-1}$ for boscalid and pyraclostrobin. The recovery ranged 101.8~109.3% with below 5% of CV (Coefficient of variation) for boscalid and 104.2~115.4% with below 5% of CV for pyraclostrobin. An average initial deposit at field 1 and field 2 samples were observed 0.40 and $0.48mg\;kg^{-1}$ for boscalid and, 0.76 and $0.57mg\;kg^{-1}$ for pyraclostrobin, respectively. The biological half-lives of field 1 and field 2 were 11.0 and 13.2 day for boscalid, and 6.1 and 12.7 days for pyraclostrobin.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.700-707
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• 2017

In the international natural gas market, natural gas has markedly low calories. The domestic calories standard of natural gas was changed and the performance and efficiency of many industrial machines using natural gas were affected because of low caloric natural gas. Therefore, in this study, a dual fuel engine fueled with natural gas and diesel was tested to examine the effects of the CNG substitution rate on the combustion characteristics, such as thermal efficiency, COVimep and heat release rate. The CNG substitution rate was defined as the ratio of CNG instead of diesel, which was calculated as the total energy. The conditions of the tested engine were fixed $1800rpm/500N{\cdot}m$. In addition, diesel fuel was injected at $16^{\circ}CA$ BTDC and the fuel pressure was fixed at 85 MPa; the lower heating value of CNG was $10,400kcal/Nm^3$. The results of the engine test showed that the amount of diesel fuel was changed according to the CNG substitution rate. Therefore, when the substitution rate was increased, the amount of diesel fuel was decreased, which affected the energy for ignition. In addition, the ignition delay duration was increased, which affected the thermal efficiency and torque. On the other hand, the COVimep was less than 5% and a stable combustion state of the engine was shown.