• 물과 미래
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.27-34
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• 1981

The design flow of the urban strom drainage systems has been assessed largely on a basis of empirical relations between rainfall and runoff, and the rational formula has been widely used for the cities in our country. In order to estimate it more accurately, the urban runoff simulation model based on the RRl method has been developed and applied to the sample basin in this study. The rainfall hyetograph of the design stromfor the design flow has been obtained by the determination of the total rainfall and the temporal distributions of that rainfall. The total rainfall has been assessed from the empirical formula of rainfall intensity and the temporal distribution of that rainfall determined on the basis of Huff's method from the historical rainfall data of the basin. The virtual inflow hydrograph to each inlet of the basin has been constructed by computing the series of discharges in each time increment, using design strom hyetograph and time-area diagram. The actual runoff hydrograph at the basin outlet has been computed from the virtual inflow hydrographs by developing a relations between discharge and storage for the watershed. The discharge data for verification of the simulated runoff hydrograph are not available in the sample basin and so the sensitivity analysis of the simulation model has not been possible. The peak discharge for the design of drainage systems has been estimated from the computed runoff hydrograph at the basin outlet and compared to thatl obtained form the rational formula.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2010

Sediment yields from Imha watershed were simulated during 1993-2008 using Hydrologic Simulation Program-Fortran (HSPF). Using observed daily stream flow for 2004-2008 and hourly suspended solid concentration for three events during 2006, HSPF was calibrated and validated at the sites of Imha and Youngyang for stream flow and Dongchun and Jangpachun for sediment yield. The calibration and validation results represented high model efficiency for simulating daily stream flow and hourly suspended solid. The determination coefficients of calibration and validation were 0.90 and 0.81 for daily stream flow, and 0.91 and 0.86 for monthly stream flow, respectively. Based on model tolerances for calibration and validation of stream flow, HSPF performance for simulating stream flow represented 'very good'. The determination coefficients of calibration and validation were 0.94-0.96 and 0.95 for hourly sediment yields, respectively. The average yearly sediment yield during 1993-2008 was 122,290 ton/year and most of sediment yield (77 % of total yield) were generated from June to August. The calibrated HSPF simulated well the movement of water and eroded soil within Imha watershed.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.116-129
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• 1990

A rational management of water resources in estuary reservoirs necessiates the prediction of water quality. In this study, a multiple box model for the water quality prediction was developed as a tool for the purpose of examining an adequate way to improve and maintain the water quality. Some submodels that are suitable for simulating the mixing behavior of pollutant materials in a lake were considered in this model. The model was appiled for predicting water qualities of Haenam Esturay Reservoir. The result from this study can be summarized as follows : 1.A water quality simulation model that can predict the 10-day mean value of water qualities was developed by adding some submodels that simulate the concentrations of chlorophyll-a, BOD, T-P and T-N to the existing Multiple Box Model representing the mixing and circulating of materials by the hydarulic action. 2.As input data for the model developed, the climatic data including precipitation, solar radiation, temperature, cloudness, wind speed and relative humidity, and the water buget records including the pumping discharge and the releasing discharge by drainage gate were ollected. The hydrologic data for the inflow discharge from the watershed was obtained by simulation with the aid of USDAUL-74/SNUA watershed model. Also the water quality data were measured at streams and the reservoir. 3.As a result of calibration and verification test by using four comonents of water quality such as Chlorophyll-a, BOD, T-P and T-N, it was found that the correlation coefficeints between the observed and the simulated water qualities showed greater than 0.6, therefore the capability of the model to simulate the water quality was proved. 4.The result based on the model application showed that the water quality of the Haenam Estuary Reservoir varies seasonally with the harmonic trend, however the water quality is good in winter and get worse in summer. Also it may be concluded that the current grarde of water quality in the Heanam Esutary Reservoir is ranked as grade 4 suitable only for the agricultutal use.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.135-146
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• 1995

본 연구의 목적은 소유역 지표유출의 시각적.공간적 재현을 위한 GIS의 응용 및 호환 모형 GISCELWAB을 개발하는 것이다. 이 모형은 세가지의 모형으로 구성되었다. 분포형 수문모형인 격자 물수지 모형 CELWAB과 CELWAB 모형의 입력자료를 자동으로 추출하는 입력자료 추출모형GISINDATA 와 CELWAB모형의 계산결과를 도형화하여 도시하도록 구성된 출력자료처리 모형GISOUTDISP로 구성되었다. GISINDATA는 모형의 입력자료 구성에 소모되는 시간을 절약하고 자료의 객관적 정확성을 갖도록 하기 위하여 개발되었으며, GISOUTDISP는 CELWAB 모형의 결과르 도형화하고 도시하여 유역전체에 대한 유출현상을 시간적, 공간적으로 재현하는 것을 가능하게 하였다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.523-534
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• 1994

본 연구의 목적은 간헐수문과정인 일강수계열의 모의발생 모델을 개발하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 연구(I)에서는 교대재생과정을 이용하여 강수발생과정을 해석하였으며, 본 연구(II)에서는 강수발생과정으로 Markov 연쇄를 이용하고 습윤일의 강수량 분포를 조합하여 일 강수계열을 모의발생하는 추계학적 모델을 개발하였다. Markov 연쇄로는 상태 2(건조, 습윤)의 1차 연쇄를 사용하였으며, 습윤일의 강수량 분포는 연속확률분포인 Gamma, Pearson Type-III(PT3), Extremal Type-III(T3E), Weibull 분포를 적용하였다. 일 강수계열 자료의 계절적 변동성을 고려하여 월별로 분리하여 해석하였으며, 강수발생과정과 습윤일의 강수량과정을 조합하여 구성한 두 개의 모의발생 모델 M-W, M-G 모델을 낙동강과 섬진강 유역의 7개 관측소에 적용하여 관측치와 모의발생치를 비교하므로써 모의발생 모델의 적용성을 확인하였다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제59권6호
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• pp.89-100
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• 2017

The Agricultural Policy/Environmental eXtender (APEX) model was developed to extend EPIC's capabilities of simulating land management impacts for small-medium watershed and heterogeneous farms. APEX is a flexible and dynamic tool that is capable of simulating a wide array of management practices, cropping systems, and other land uses across a broad range of agricultural landscapes. APEX have its own agricultural environmental database including operation schedule, soil property, and weather data etc., by crops. However, agriculture environmental informations the APEX model has is all based on U.S. As this can cause malfunction or improper simulation while simulating highland field. In this study, database for APEX model to be utilized for South Korea established with 44,814 agriculture fields in Pyeongchang-gun, Korea from 2007 to 2016. And assessed domestic applicability by comparing T-P unit load criteria presented by National Institution of Environmental Research and result of APEX model. As a result of APEX model simulation, average T-P value for decade was 6.18. Average T-P of every year except 2011 was in range of 5.37~10.43 and this is being involved into criteria presented by National Institution of Environmental Research. It is analyzed that adjusting slope factor can make the model applicable for domestic agricultural environment.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.95-102
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• 1994

The series of the papers consist of three parts to describe the development, calibration, and applications of the flood forecasting models for the Youngsan Estuarine Dam located at the mouth of the Youngsan river. And this paper discusses the hydrologic model for inflow simulation at Naju station, which constitutes 64 percent of the drainage basin of 3521 .6km$^2$ in area. A simplified TANK model was formulated to simulate hourly runoff from rainfall And the model parameters were optirnized using historical storm data, and validated with the records. The results of this paper were summarized as follows. 1. The simplified TANK model was formulated to conceptualize the hourly rainfall-run-off relationships at a watershed with four tanks in series having five runoff outlets. The runoff from each outlet was assumed to be proportional to the storage exceeding a threshold value. And each tank was linked with a drainage hole from the upper one. 2. Fifteen storm events from four year records from 1984 to 1987 were selected for this study. They varied from 81 to 289rn'm The watershed averaged, hourly rainfall data were determined from those at fifteen raingaging stations using a Thiessen method. Some missing and unrealistic records at a few stations were estimated or replaced with the values determined using a reciprocal distance square method from abjacent ones. 3. An univariate scheme was adopted to calibrate the model parameters using historical records. Some of the calibrated parameters were statistically related to antecedent precipitation. And the model simulated the streamflow close to the observed, with the mean coefficient of determination of 0.94 for all storm events. 4. The simulated streamflow were in good agreement with the historical records for ungaged condition simulation runs. The mean coefficient of determination for the runs was 0.93, nearly the same as calibration runs. This may indicates that the model performs very well in flood forecasting situations for the watershed.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.247-257
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 다방향 흐름 분배 알고리듬과 실시간 보정 알고리듬을 개발하여 분포형 강우-유출 모형에 적용하였다. 개발된 알고리듬의 적용과 분포형 모형 적용상의 약점인 계산시간 개선을 위해 비교적 간단한 수문과정 지배 방정식들을 이용하여 분포형 강우-유출 모형을 작성하였다. DEM(Digital Elevation Model)를 이용하여 공간해상도 변화에 따른 지형정보와 흐름정보의 변동성을 파악하였다. 모의수행 전처리 과정으로 가용한 고해상도 DEM 자료를 사용하여 공간해상도 변화에 따른 흐름정보의 손실을 최소화하고 상세흐름정보를 저해상도 흐름정보에 반영시키는 다방향 흐름분배 알고리듬을 개발하였다. 또한 실시간으로 유역상태량을 보정하는 실시간 보정 알고리듬을 개발하다. 개발된 모형은 저해상도 모의에서 유출 과정의 실제적 거동 정보를 유지할 수 있다. 그러므로 예측 정확도 향상 및 계산시간의 개선이 기대된다.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.23-27
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• 2008

대규모 육지수문모형(Land Surface Model, LSM)에서 종합적인 육지 물흐름 및 에너지흐름의 예측을 위해 새로운 지표면-지표하 연계 물흐름 모형이 지표하 물흐름 모의를 위한 3차원 체적평균 토양수분 이송방정식(Volume Averaged Soil-moisture Transpor, VAST)을 지표수 흐름모의를 위한 1차원 확산방정식과 연계하여 개발되었다. 각 흐름특성에 맞는 복합적인 수치해석법이 적용되어, 시간분할 방법에 의해 3차원 VAST 방정식의 종방향 흐름이 완전음해법에 의해 해석된 후, 횡방향 흐름이 양해법으로 구해지며, 그 후에 1차원 확산방정식은 MacCormack 유한차분법으로 계산한다. 이 새로운 흐름연계모형은 최신의 육지수문모형인 CLM(Common Land Model)내의 기존 1차원 수리수문계산부분을 대체하게 된다. CLM과 결합된 새로운 연계흐름모형은 오하이오 계곡부근의 시험유역에 적용되었으며, 모의결과는 지표면-지표하 물흐름 상호작용의 모의와 지표수 흐름추적방법을 사용한 새로운 모형의 유출예측이 실측치에 더 근접함을 보여준다. 이 개선된 육지수문모형은 지역적, 대륙적, 그리고 지구전체를 다루는 수문기상연구와 기후변화로 인한 재해예방을 위하여 기상모형인 CWRF(Climate extension of the next-generation Weather Research and Forecasting)와 연계될 예정이다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.483-489
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• 2008

최근에 홍수조절 기능과 비홍수기의 생태적 측면으로써 천변저류지에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 지속가능한 홍수방어 대안으로 천변저류지 조성방안에 대한 검토와 조성된 천변저류지에 대한 습지로의 활용 가능성을 검토하기 위한 수리·수문 분석을 수행하였다. 대상지역은 경상남도 창녕군의 토평천 유역이다. 토평천 유역에 국내 최대 내륙 습지인 우포늪이 포함되어 있으며, 토평천은 낙동강의 지류이다. 천변저류지는 우포늪 상류와 하류에 조성하는 것으로 가정하였으며, 홍수기의 홍수위저감효과를 알아보기 위한 수리분석은 HEC-RAS모형을 이용하였다. 모형의 모의는 천변저류지 조성 시나리오 7가지에 대하여 수행하였다. 그 결과 모의 시나리오 중에서 최대 0.56 m의 홍수위가 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, SWAT모형을 이용하여 비홍수기에 천변저류지의 물수지 분석을 위한 수문분석을 수행하였으며, 물수지 분석 결과 1년 동안에 천변저류지의 최저수심이 1.3 m(세진지역)정도 유지되는 것을 알 수 있었다.