• 접착 및 계면
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 hydrocarbon resin과 acrylic modified hydrocarbon resin의 조성비에 따른 용제형 폴리우레탄 접착제를 제조하여 접착제의 열적 기계적 성질, 상용성 및 접착물성을 알아보았다. 폴리우레탄에 tackifier resin을 첨가함에 따라 $T_g$가 상승하였고, 인장강도는 tackifier를 5 phr를 첨가하였을 때 최고의 값을 나타내고 그 이후로는 감소하는 것을 볼 수 있었으며, 필름 표면은 PX-95를 첨가했을 때 균일하였지만 A-1100을 첨가했을 때는 10 phr 이상부터는 불균일한 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 접착강도는 PX-95를 사용한 것이 A-1100을 사용한 것보다 높게 나타났으며 결론적으로, tackifier 함량을 5 phr 첨가한 것의 접착 강도가 가장 우수한 결과를 나타내었다.

• 공업화학
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2008

비이온 계면활성제 $C_{12}E_8$ 마이셀에 의한 이성분 탄화수소 오일 혼합물 시스템의 가용화도(equilibrium solubilization capacity)를 $23^{\circ}C$에서 기체 크로마토그래피(GC)를 이용하여 측정하였다. 단일 성분의 탄화수소 오일 가용화도는 탄화수소 오일의 탄소수(ACN)가 증가함에 따라 거의 선형적으로 감소하였다. 한편 탄화수소 오일의 이성분 시스템은 사용한 두 탄화수소 오일의 탄소수(alkane carbon number, ACN) 차이에 따라 선택적 가용화 혹은 비선택적 가용화 경향을 나타내었다. 본 연구에서 가용화도 실험을 수행한 n-octane/n-nonane, n-nonane/n-decane과 n-decane/n-undecane 혼합물 시스템과 같이 이성분 탄화수소 혼합물의 탄소수 차이가 1인 경우에는 비선택적(non-selective) 가용화 경향을 나타내었다. 반면에 n-octane/n-decane과 n-octane/n-undecane 혼합물 시스템과 같이 탄소수 차이가 1보다 큰 경우에는 선택적(selective) 가용화 경향을 나타내었다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권spc8호
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• pp.2881-2882
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• 2011

• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.102-109
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• 2006

Experimental results for heat transfer characteristics and pressure gradients of HCs refrigerants R-290, R-600a, R-1270 and HCFC refrigerant R-22 during evaporating inside horizontal double pipe heat exchangers are presented. The test sections which has one tube diameter of 12.70 mm with 0.89 mm wall thickness, another tube diameter of 9.52 mm with 0.76 mm wall thickness are used for this investigation. The local evaporating heat transfer coefficients of hydrocarbon refrigerants were higher than that of R-22. The average evaporating heat transfer coefficient increased with the increase of the mass flux, with the higher values in hydrocarbon refrigerants than R-22. Hydrocarbon refrigerants have higher pressure drop than R-22. Those results from the investigation can be used in the design of heat exchangers using hydrocarbons as the refrigerant for the air-conditioning systems.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2004년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.1264-1269
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• 2004

This research describes the application of hydrocarbon refrigerants for heat pump system which is needed for fish farm. Tested refrigerants are HCFC-22 and hydrocarbon refrigerants(CARE 50 and ASR-20). CARE 50 is mixture of R-290 and R-170, and ASR-20 is mixture of R-152a, R-290 and other additives. Heat pump consist of shell and tube heat exchanger, scroll compressor, expansion valve and accumulator. Manual expansion valve is used for testing of wide range evaporating temperature. Hydrocarbon refrigerants show a good performance as an alternative for HCFC-22 in the range of evaporating temperature from $-6^{\circ}C$ to $6^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.932-937
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• 2004

In situ extraction by organic solvent was studied in order to improve the recovery yield of hydrocarbon from the culture of Botryococcus braunii, a green colonial microalga. When the solvent mixture of octanol as an extractive solvent and n-octane as a biocompatible solvent was added to a two-phase column, the algal growth was seriously inhibited, even at a low concentration of polar octanol. Therefore, a two-stage cell-recycle extraction process was proposed to improve the contact area between the organic phase and the aqueous phase. The hydrocarbon recovery with in situ cell-recycle extraction showed a three-fold increase (57% of cell) in yield over that with two-phase extraction. In addition, over 60% of the hydrocarbon could be recovered without serious cell damage by downstream separation when this process was applied to the culture broth after batch fermentation.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2002

Recently, our world is faced with very serious and hard problems related to the air pollution due to the exhaust emissions of the diesel engine. In this paper, the effect of oxygen component in fuel on the exhaust emissions has been investigated fur direct injection diesel engine. It was tested to estimate change of engine performance and exhaust emission characteristics for the commercial diesel fuel and oxygenate blended fuel which has three kinds of mixed ratio. And, it was tried to analyze not only total hydrocarbon but individual hydrocarbon components from Cl to C6 in exhaust gas using gas chromatography to seek the reason far remarkable reduction of smoke emission. This study was carried out by comparing the chromatogram with diesel fuel and diesel feel blended DGM(diethylene glycol dimethyl ether) 5%. The results of this study show that individual hydrocarbon(C1∼C6) as well as total hydrocarbon of oxygenated fuel is reduced remarkably than that of diesel fuel.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.683-694
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• 1998

The application of hydrocarbon refrigerants in a hermetic reciprocating compressor for refrigerator is investigated. The selected refrigerants are isobutane(R600a), propane(R290), R12, binary mixture of R600a/R290, and OS-21CII. Both theoretical and experimental investigations have been performed for the selected refrigerants. The test results of hydrocarbon refrigerants have been compared to the traditional refrigerant(R12). The results show that hydrocarbon refrigerants(HC-Blend, OS-21C II) are very good alternatives in the refrigeration system for R12.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 1998년도 공동 심포지엄 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.201-205
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• 1998

Leakage of hydrocarbon compound from underground storage tank has been a significant issue to the hazard of environmental contaminants. It is therefore necessary to develop the measurement technique of hydrocarbon compound concentration. In this study, the possibility of TDR application to measure concentration of hydrocarbon compound, especially diesel, in a sandy soil was investigated. Experiments were conducted in two different conditions. The first one was to measure the resistances of the soil columns packed according to the various ratios of tab water and diesel content in the total voids. The other was to measure the resistance of the soil under the flow condition where diesel oil was allowed to infiltrate into the KCl-saturated soil column. The experimental results showed that there exists a significant relationship between oil% and TDR-measured resistance. This suggests that TDR can be an effective device to measure the concentration of hydrocarbon compound in a soil.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2001

A synchronized secondaty air injection method has been developed to hydrocarbon emission by injecting secondary air intermittently into exhaust port. The method has been tested in a single cylinder spark-ignition engine operating at cold-steady / cold-start conditions. Effects of air injection timing, intake pressure and engine air-fuel ratio have been investigated at cold-steady condition. Also, hydrocarbon emission and exhaust gas temperature with catalytic conberter are compared with a continuous SAI method and base condition at cold-start condition. Resules show that hydrocarbon reduction rate and exhaust gas temperature are sensitive to the timing of synchronized SAI. At cold-steady condition, HC emission is minimum at engine air-fuel ratio of 10. At cold-start condition, the accumulated hydrocarbon emission during the first 120 s decreases about 56% and 22% with the synchronized and continuous SAI, respectively, compared to that of base condition.