• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.23-41
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• 2023

Coupled thermo-hydraulic-mechanical (THM) processes are essential for the long-term performance of deep geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste. In this study, a numerical sensitivity analysis was performed to analyze the effect of rock properties on THM responses after the execution of the heater test at the Kamaishi mine in Japan. The TOUGH-FLAC simulator was applied for the numerical simulation assuming a continuum model for coupled THM analysis. The rock properties included in the sensitivity study were the Young's modulus, permeability, thermal conductivity, and thermal expansion coefficients of crystalline rock, rock salt, and clay. The responses, i.e., temperature, water content, displacement, and stress, were measured at monitoring points in the buffer and near-field rock mass during the simulations. The thermal conductivity had an overarching impact on THM responses. The influence of Young's modulus was evident in the mechanical behavior, whereas that of permeability was noticed through the change in the temperature and water content. The difference in the THM responses of the three rock type models implies the importance of the appropriate characterization of rock mass properties with regard to the performance assessment of the deep geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.383-389
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• 2006

In three dimensional wave field, a direct numerical simulation model, which is able to handle free-fall and slope-fall of a waterdrop due to overtopping, is proposed to evaluate the overtopping rate on the coastal structures like an absorbing revetment. A comparison between the numerical model and existing experimental results for overtopping rate was made to validate the proposed numerical model's accuracy, and showed fairly good agreement between them. It is confirmed in numerical and hydraulic(existing) model test that the overtopping quantity on a absorbing revetment becomes larger with an increase in Ursell number. Also, the overtopping rate estimated by 3-D numerical model is compared with it obtained by 2-D numerical model.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.38 no.5 s.154
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• pp.333-343
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• 2005

The upwind model is well known to simulate shockwaves, but it is rarely applied to natural rivers because of problems caused by the source terms. Although several methods have been developed to deal with the source terms, none of them has been applied to natural rivers. This paper deals with application of the upwind model to the natural river. An implicit upwind model is applied to a hypothetical irregular channel and a natural river with highly irregular bed, width, and hydraulic structures. Different types of the flows including steady-state flow, flood wave, dam-break wave, and bore are simulated to test accuracy and applicability of the implicit upwind model. It is proved that the model can simulate various types of flows in natural rivers with high accuracy and robustness.

• Journal of Advanced Research in Ocean Engineering
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2015

Post-Katrina investigations revealed that most earthen levee damage occurred on the levee crest and landward-side slope as a result of either wave overtopping, storm surge overflow, or a combination of both. In this paper, combined wave overtopping and storm surge overflow of a levee embankment strengthened with high performance turf reinforcement mat (HPTRM) system was studied in a purely Lagrangian and meshless approach, two-dimensional smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) model. After the SPH model is calibrated with full-scale overtopping test results, the overtopping discharge, flow thickness, flow velocity, average overtopping velocity, shear stress, and soil erosion rate are calculated. New equations are developed for average overtopping discharge. The shear stresses on landward-side slope are calculated and the characteristics of soil loss are given. Equations are also provided to estimate soil loss rate. The range of the application of these equations is discussed.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.792-801
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• 2005

This paper discusses a dc motor equipped electric power steering (EPS) system and demonstrates its advantages over a typical hydraulic power steering (HPS) system. The tire-road interaction torque at the steering tires is calculated using the 2 d.o.f. bicycle model, in other words by using a single-track model, which was verified with the J-turn test of a real vehicle. Because the detail parameters of a steering system are not easily acquired, a simple system is modeled here. In previous EPS systems, the assisting torque for the measured driving torque is developed as a boost curve similar to that of the HPS system. To improve steering stiffness and return-ability of the steering system, a third-order polynomial as a torque map is introduced and modified within the preferred driving torques researched by Bertollini. Using the torque map modification sufficiently improves the EPS system.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.87-102
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• 1990

개방식과수로는 낮은 압력으로 다량의 용수를 수송할 수 있는 장점을 갖고 있으나 유량변동에 의한 서어징현상이 현저한 것이 단점이다. 관로내의 흐름을 안정시키기 위해서는 이 서어징의 특성이 규명되어 대규모의 서어징에 대한 대책이 강구되어야 할 것이다. 개방식관수로계의 서어징을 강성수주이론으로 계산하기 위하여 운동방정식 연속방정식가 스탠드 수조의 중간벽에 설치된 언의 월유공식등을 조합한 기초방정식이 유도되었다. 본 연구의 수치해석 모델은 가장 일반적인 4차의 Runge-Kutter 방법을 사용하였으며, 이 모델의 정당성과 프로그램의 유통성을 검증하기 위하여 수리모형실험치와 수치해석치가 비교되었다. 그 결과 관로에 공기의 혼입이 없는 경우에는 실험치와 해석치가 실용상의 지장이 없는 정도로 잘 일치되었지만, 공기의 혼입이 발생되는 경우에는 실험치가 해석치에 비해 약간 크게 나타나서 이 경우에도 서러징의 해석이 가능한 새로운 모델의 개발이 필요한 것으로 생각된다. 또한 본 강성수주 모델을 이용하여 현재 서어징 문제로 곤란을 받고 있는 일본 자하연 비파호 부근의 용수간선을 대상으로 그 서어징의 특성과 개선방법을 경계한 결과 개설 개방식관수로계의 스탠드 중 매3개소 스탠드마다 1개소 스탠드의 하류측 수조 수면적 확장하는 것이 타당성이 있는 것으로 해석되었다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.44 no.8
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• pp.871-888
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• 2012

This paper aims at presenting the state of the art, the recent progress, and the perspective for the future, in the modelling of two-phase flow in the horizontal legs of a PWR. All phenomena relevant for safety analysis are listed first. The selection of the modelling approach for system codes is then discussed, including the number of fluids or fields, the space and time resolution, and the use of flow regime maps. The classical two-fluid six-equation one-pressure model as it is implemented in the CATHARE code is then presented and its properties are described. It is shown that the axial effects of gravity forces may be correctly taken into account even in the case of change of the cross section area or of the pipe orientation. It is also shown that it can predict both fluvial and torrential flow with a possible hydraulic jump. Since phase stratification plays a dominant role, the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability and the stability of bubbly flow regime are discussed. A transition criterion based on a stability analysis of shallow water waves may be used to predict the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. Recent experimental data obtained in the METERO test facility are analysed to model the transition from a bubbly to stratified flow regime. Finally, perspectives for further improvement of the modelling are drawn including dynamic modelling of turbulence and interfacial area and multi-field models.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.55-60
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• 2013

In this study, injection flow rates and material of the solenoid sealing of the injectors were improved for the development of a di-methyl Ether(DME) common-rail system. To deliver the same amount of energy provided by injection pressure of diesel $P_{inj}$ = 160 MPa, the DME injectors need to have larger diameter of nozzle hole and more No. of hole at low injection pressure of $P_{inj}$ = 40~50 MPa. The simplified nozzle flow model, which takes account of nozzle geometry and injection condition, was employed in order to design the concept of a injector nozzle such as No. of hole, diameter of hole and diameter of needle seat, etc. Injection amount and rate were tested by diesel and DME test stand. As a result, the diameter of nozzle hole were enlarged by 0.25 mm. The diameter of the orifice in the high pressure line was increased by 1.0 mm to maintain hydraulic force in the nozzle. The material of the solenoid sealing was changed to HNBR, which was strong against the corrosive. Experimental results showed that the injection amount of the DME injector drastically increased by 191.9% comparison to that of diesel at $P_{inj}$ = 40 MPa.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.20 no.4 s.71
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• pp.43-49
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• 2006

Detailed investigations were carried out on the stability of the dredged soil bed against wave actions, aimedat establishing the design method of artificial tidal flats using dredged soil. The soil was dredged at Nagoya port, Japan, and has a mean grain size of 0.013mm. Basic features of artificial dredged soil bed against wave actions were explained from a series of model experiments in a wave flume. The two types of section shapes were employed; one is a horizontal bed and the other is a sloped one. Changes of the bed profile, shear strength, grain size distribution and water content, according to the wave actions, were measured in detail. The cumulative effect of the wave actions, over about one week, was investigated. A dredged soil bed moves withthe wave actions with relatively small wave height. It should be especially. noted that the clay component is dissolved and flown out, away from the surface layer, and consequently the surface layer hardens, as if it is covered with sand. Wren the wave height is gradually increased, the bed is not liquefied and the shear strength of the dredged bed is increased by a wave-induced dissipation of pore pressures in the bed and a decrease of clay component by the wave-induced leakage.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.9-11
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• 2014

As Daecheon beach, which is the study area, has problem of erosion and loss of most beach under the extraordinary wave during the typhoon event, it is necessary to apply erosion control measures for short term impact. Therefore, we analyzed the status and reason of the erosion by field survey, collection of hydraulic model test, and numerical model experiment. For the erosion control measure, we adopted beach feeding and submerged reef method available at that site among various counter measures. Numerical analyses were made for both beach feeding only and beach feeding with submerged reefs and these were compared with the present status to find out the optimum design and to contribute for preparing a long term plan of beach loss protection.