• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.600-606
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• 2012

Upon investigation of the damaged wheels for high speed train it was determined that the damage was caused by rolling contact fatigue during operation of train. The major problems that railway vehicle system using wheel-rail has to face during operation of railway vehicle are rolling contact fatigue, cracks in wheels, cracks in rails and wheel-rail profile wear. If these deficiencies are not controlled at early stages the huge economical problems due to unexpected maintenance cost in railway vehicle can be happened. Also, If the accurate knowledge of contact conditions between wheel and rail can be evaluated, the damage of wheel can be prevented and the maintenance operation can save money. This paper presents the applicability of electro-magnetic technique to the detection and sizing of defects in wheel. Under the condition of continuous rolling contact fatigue the damage of wheel has continuously monitored using the applied sensor. It was shown that the usefulness of the applied sensor was verified by twin disc test and the measured damaged sizes showed good agreement with the damaged sizes estimated by electro-magnetic technique.

• 가정의학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.347-354
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• 2018

Background: BMI alone may not serve as an index of obesity because it does not reflect body composition. The present study aimed to compare arterial stiffness as assessed by the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (ba-PWV) among groups defined by body fat percentage (pBF) and BMI. Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on 1,700 participants (1,044 men and 656 women) who completed a health screening examination at a national hospital between January 2011 and February 2016. Participants were divided into four groups according to BMI and pBF: normal fat and normal weight (NFNW); excessive fat and normal weight (EFNW); normal fat and obese (NFO); and excessive fat and obese (EFO). The ba-PWV and other cardiometabolic factors were compared among the four groups in men and women separately. Results: For both sexes, the NFNW group had a lower metabolic risk compared to that in the other groups (EFNW, NFO, and EFO). After adjusting for multiple variables, the NFO males had a significantly lower ba-PWV compared to those in the other groups, including NFNW males. The NFO group had significantly more skeletal muscle mass and muscle mass compared the other groups (P<0.05). Among women, the NFNW group had a significantly lower ba-PWV compared the other groups, even after adjusting for multiple variables. Conclusion: Lower pBF in obese men may be associated with improved cardiovascular risk.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.257-257
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• 2022

Late blight, caused by the hemibiotrophic oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans, has been the most important disease limiting potato production worldwide. P. infestans undergo major population shifts in agricultural systems via the successive emergence and migration of asexual lineages. The phenotypic and genotypic bases of these selective sweeps are largely unknown but management strategies need to adapt to reflect the changing pathogen population. Here, we used molecular markers to divide the 86 South Korea isolates into six clonal lineages: KR_1_A1, KR_2_A2, SIB-1, US-11, SIB-1 like, and KR-2 like. We documented the emergence of a new lineage, termed SIB-1 like, and KR-2 like, and their rapid replacement of other lineages to exceed 35% of the pathogen population across South Korea. Genome analyses of the Korean P. infestans populations revealed extensive genetic polymorphism, particularly in effector genes. Importantly, SIB-1 like isolates carry an intact Avr8 effector gene that triggers resistance in potato carrying the corresponding R immune receptor gene R8 cloned from Solarium demissum. These findings point toward a strategy for deploying genetic resistance to mitigate the impact of the SIB-1 like lineage and illustrate how pathogen population monitoring, combined with genome analysis, informs the management of devastating disease epidemics. Further study is being done on pathogenicity of the SIB-1 like isolates on cultivated potatoes and changes in expression patterns of disease effector genes within the SIB-1 like isolates

• 한국철학논집
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• 제50호
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• pp.113-138
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• 2016

본 연구는 퇴계 이황(退溪 李滉, 1501~1570)의 만년 학설인 이도설(理到說)에 대한 우담 정시한(愚潭 丁時翰, 1625~1707)의 견해를 살펴봄으로써 퇴계 이도설에 대한 후대 학자들의 수용과 계승 및 발전의 양상을 이해하는 토대를 마련하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 퇴계 이후 이도설은 '물리도심(物理到心)'으로 이해되었고, 갈암 이현일(葛庵 李玄逸, 1627~1704)은 이를 무위의 본체인 '리(理)'에 '저기서부터 여기로 이른다'는 방향성과 운동성을 부여하였다고 비판하였다. 반면 우담은 '물리도심'을 긍정하였고, 이를 '리'의 온전한 체(體)를 부여받아 만물의 용(用)을 아울러 갖춘 '심(心)'이 만물을 통섭하는 것으로 이해하였다. 그는 기존에 구축한 '리의 용(用)'에 대한 정치한 해석에 기반하여 '이도(理到)'를 '물아위일(物我爲一)'로 확장하였다. 이때의 '물아위일'은 단순한 융회관통의 차원이 아닌 '물리'가 질서정연해져 '심' 속에 누가 되지 않는 경지가 된다. 우담의 견해는 '이도(理到)'의 서술어에 해당하는 '도(到)' 자체에 대한 문제점을 극복하고자 이를 '진(盡)'으로 대체하여 이도설이 가지고 있는 구조적 한계를 극복하려 한 갈암과는 그 양상이 사뭇 다르다. 우담은 보다 본체론적인 측면에서 해석을 시도한 것이다. 우담의 견해는 퇴계가 구축한 '리' 중심의 성리학 체계를 이해하는 데 있어 하나의 유용한 틀이 될 수 있다. 이는 우담의 리체용론이 퇴계학파의 사상 형성과 그 양상을 확인하는 데 중요한 이론으로 작용할 수 있다는 점을 시사한다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.511-520
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• 1995

파, 마늘, 생강, 적생고추, 고추가루의 멸균 추출액의 농도가 2％와 4%가 되도록 첨가한 배지에서 김치의 주된 젖산균들인 Leu. mesenteroides와 Lac. plantarum의 생육을 조사하였는데, 모든 부재료가 Lac. plantarum의 생육을 저해하였으며 마늘은 이 균에의 저해효과가 가장 컸으며, 생강이 Leu. mesenteroides의 생육에 증진 효과를 보였고, 마늘이 역시 Leu. mesonteroides의 생육에 저해효과를 나타내었다. 마늘, 생강 및 고추가루의 연속분획추출 후 멸균액을 배지에 첨가해 역시 두균의 생육정도를 조사하였을 때 마늘의 부탄을 분획물이 두균의 생육에 저해효과를 보여 그 효과물질은 alkaloid나 flavonoid일 것으로, 또 생강과 고추가루의 물 분획물이 Leu. mesenteroides의 생육 촉진 효과를 나타낸 바 그 효과물질은 당류일 것으로 추정되었다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2006

This study was designed to examine, using Rasch analysis, the rating scale performance of the Korean version of the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). The subjects were 95 elderly people at community dwelling. Subjects (19 men, 76 women) ranged in age from 65 to 91 years. Rasch analysis was then done by means of the Winsteps program to determine the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the BBS evaluation tools for elderly people. The results were as follows: Twenty-one elderly people were excluded for misfit persons. Three items were found to be misfits and the order of item difficulty of the remaining 11 items was arranged. Elderly people BBS ability is indicated by -.94~7.41 logit, and the transformation formula is score=(logit score+.94)/$(.94+7.41){\times}100$. This transformation formula can be applied to Korean elderly people for balance ability. In the order of difficulty of evaluation items, the most difficult item was "Standing on one foot" and the easiest item was "Standing to Sitting". In conclusion, the Korean version of BBS evaluation tool for the elderly people has been proved valid and will be useful in clinical practice and research in Korea.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.909-917
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• 2006

2,2-Dimethyl-3,4-dialkoxy-substituted 6-aminobenzopyran analogues (eg., 7 and 8) were identified as prolyl 4-hydroxylase inhibitors via a screening process using HSC-T6 and LI 90 cells that express an immortalized rat hepatic stellate cell line and as part of a test of the type I collagen contents employing the ELISA method. A subsequent lead optimization effort based on solid-phase parallel synthesis led to the identification of 2,2-dimethyl-3,4-dialkoxy-substituted 6-aminobenzopyrans as potent inhibitors of prolyl 4-hydroxylase.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.568-579
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to understand and describe the hospital workers' experience related to the hospital evaluation program implemented in Korea between 2004 and 2009. Methods: During 2010, data were collected using focus group interviews. Four focus group interviews were held with a total of 28 hospital workers participating. All interviews were recorded and transcribed as they were spoken, and data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Nine themes emerged from the analysis: 1) Positive change in the necessity of the evaluation; 2) Improvement in the hospital system, facilities, and human resources; 3) Unity through cooperation among departments; 4) Nursing work overload; 5) Lack of physicians' awareness and responsibilities; 6) Unfair and unrealistic evaluation items; 7) Lack of credibility of the outcome; 8) Shifting responsibility for negative outcomes to the workers; 9) Lack of pragmatic utility. Conclusion: The results of the study demonstrate that the hospital evaluation program played a key role in improving some work environments and communication among departments. At the same time, they show various negative themes resulting from the context of very authoritarian hospital systems and a connection-oriented society in Korea.

• 센서학회지
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.327-333
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• 1998

본 논문에서는 실내 환경에서의 환경 인자에 대한 사람의 감성을 측정하기 위한 감성 측정기를 개발하였다. 온도, 습도, $CO_2$ 및 $C_4H_{10}$ 농도를 측정할 수 있는 네가지 종류의 센서를 사용하였는데, 감성지수를 정의하기 위해서는 온도, 습도, $CO_2$ 센서만을 사용하였고, $C_4H_{10}$ 센서는 내부 공기의 유해도 측정을 위해 사용하였다. 제안한 측정기는 온도, 습도, $CO_2$ 농도 각각에 대해 따로 감성지수를 설정하고 이를 조합하여 현재 실내환경에 대한 최종 감성지수를 제시하도록 하였다. 제안된 알고리듬의 타당성을 PC 윈도우 95환경에서의 시뮬레이터를 이용하여 확인하였고, 마이크로 프로세서를 사용하여 독립적인 감성측정기를 제작하였다.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.439-450
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• 2009

2006년 상반기동안 GOES 10에 의해 관측된 > 2MeV의 전자에너지 채널에서 반복되는 상대론적 전자 증가 이벤트(GREE, Geosynchronous Relativistic Electron Event)가 4회 있었다. 이 현상들은 모두 코로나 구멍(Coronal hole)에서부터 나온 고속 태양풍(HSS, High Speed Solar Wind Stream)과 관련된 것으로 여겨진다. 약 27일 주기를 갖는 이 4회의 전자 증가 현상은 플럭스가 점점 증가하는 형태를 보인다. 현재까지 알려진 상대론적 전자 증가 현상의 주요 원인으로는 다음의 요소들이 언급되어 왔다: (1) 코로나 구멍과 관련된 태양풍 속도, (2) Pc5 ULF 파동, (3) 행성간 자기장(IMF, Interplanetary Magnetic Field) Bz의 남쪽 성 분, (4) 자기 부폭풍(substorm)의 발생, (5) 증가된 휘슬러 모드 코러스 파동(whistler mode chorus wave)과 (6)동압력(dynamic pressure). 따라서 이 논문에서는 2006년 상반기 동안 앞에서 언급한 6가지 현상 들을 분석하여 어느 요소가 상대론적 전자 증가 현상의 플럭스와 가장 가까운 연관성이 있는지 알아보고자 한다.