• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.717-730
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of narcissistic personality and self-esteem on the appearance management behaviors(weight, skin care, makeup, hair care, clothing selection) of female college students. The questionnaires were administrated to 362 female college students living in Gwang-ju city, Korea. For analysis of data, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, Cronbach'$\alpha$, regression analysis were applied. The results were summarized as follows. First. the female college students' narcissistic personality was categorized into four factors, need for administration, leadership/self-confidence, need for power/entitlement, and superiority. Second, narcissistic personality significantly influenced appearance management behaviors. The further examination of the effects showed that need for administration appeared to affect clothing selection, hair care, skin care, makeup, and weight. Third, self-esteem turned out to have positive effects on overall appearance management behaviors. The further examination of the effects showed that self-esteem appeared to affect clothing selection, skin care, hair care, makeup, and weight. The results indicated that female college students' narcissistic personality and self-esteem were important factors to their appearance management behaviors and marketing programs for fashion industries.

• Food preservation and processing industry
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.11-13
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• 2007

This study relates to low and medium molecular weight isoflavone-${\beta}$-D-glucan produced by submerged liquid culture of Agaricus blazei, a method of producing the isoflavone-B-D-glucan using autolysis enzyme of Agaricus blazei mycelia, and use of the isoflavone-B-D-glucan for anti-cancer and immunoenhancing effect. In acordance with one aspect of the present study, it deals with a method of producing isoflavone-${\beta}$-D-glucan, which comprises the followings; 1) culturing and separating mushroom mycelia, 2) producing low-medium molecular weight isoflavone-${\beta}$-D-glucan from high molecular weight one. The cytotoxicity on human cnacer cell line (Caco-2, MCF-7), the expression of Cyclin D, Bcl-2, Bax protein, p21 protein, p53 protein in MCF-7 cells assessed by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting, and other immuno related factor such as TNF-a and IL-1B activities were examined. Structural identification of isoflavone-${\beta}$-D-glucan which shoed cytotoxicity against cancer cell and immunoenhancing effects was carried by separation with DEAE-cellulose column chromatography, TLC, HPLC, IR, NMR, Clinical test for the cancer patients (n=119) for 6 month was carried out, and immunoenhancing factors(NK cell number, ratio of T4/T8) were checked. We concluded the identified isoflavone-${\beta}$-D-glucan has immuno enhancing effects and could be useful for cancer chemoprevention.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2009

Complex microbial communities play an important role in the human health and co-evolved with human in the form of symbiosis. Many literatures provide new evidences that the increased prevalence of obesity cannot be attributed solely to changes in the human genome, nutritional habits, or reduction of physical activity in our daily lives. The intestinal flora was recently proposed as an environmental factor responsible for the control of body weight and energy metabolism. A number of studies suggest that the modulation of gut microbiota affects host metabolism and has an impact on energy storage and demonstrated a role for the gut microbiota in weight gain, fat increase, and insulin resistance. Variations in microbiota composition are found in obese humans and mice and the microbiota from an obese mouse confers an obese phenotype when transferred to an axenic mouse. As well, the gut microbial flora plays a role in converting nutrients into calories. Specific strategies for modifying gut microbiota may be a useful means to treat or prevent obesity. Dietary modulations of gut microbiota with a view to increasing bifidobacteria have demonstrated to reduce endotoxemia and improve metabolic diseases such as obesity. The fermentation of medicinal herbs is intended to exert a favorable influence on digestability, bioavailability and pharmacological activity of herbal extract. Therefore we also expect that the fermented herbal extracts may open up a new area to treat obesity through modulating gut microbiota.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.663-676
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine whether any differences can be found in body comparison, body satisfaction, and appearance management behaviors according to the MBTI's typology among male and female adolescents in Gwangju and South Jeolla province, South Korea. It was conducted by a self-report survey of 534 male and female high school students in Gwangju and South Jeolla province. The collected survey data were analyzed by Means, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, Factor analysis, and t-test using the SPSS/PC WIN 19.0 statistical program. The results were as follows: Introversion Type(I) teens tend to think a thinner body is closer to the ideal when compared to Extroversion type(E) students. They spend less time comparing their bodies with their peers. However, they usually have lower levels of body satisfaction and are more likely to be concerned about acne. Intuition Type(N) students tend to have a body figure that is a little plumper than Sensing Type(S) teens. They are inclined to try and lose weight and are concerned about acne. Sensing Type(S) students are more likely to compare their bodies with their peers than Intuition Type(N) teens. However, they are generally less satisfied with their bodies. Feeling Type(F) teens are more concerned with harmony and personal hygiene the Thinking Type(T) students. Judging Type (J) students generally want to be thinner than their current body type when compared with Perceiving Type(P) teens. When Judging Type(J) teens decide they need to be on a diet, they do their best to lose weight even if it means exercising and forgoing their favorite foods. These results indicate that it would be more effective to offer guidance to teens while taking into consideration their differences in terms of appearance management behaviors based on the MBTI Topology of Adolescents.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.87-98
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• 2002

This study was conducted to evaluate the safety of a recombinant human Factor VIII(GC-$\gamma$ AHF) manufactured by Korea Green Cross Company with different technology according to the Regulation of Korean Food and Drug Administration (l 998. 12. 3). In acute toxicity test, both genders of Sprague-Dawley rats and Beagle dogs were administered intravenously with GC-$\gamma$ AHF of three doses (3,125, 625 and 125 IU/kg), and single dose of 3,125 IU/kg, respectively. No dead animal and abnormal autopsy findings were found in Control and GC-$\gamma$ AHF treated group. Therefore, the 50% lethal dose ($LD_{50}$) of GC-$\gamma$ AHF was conidered to be higher than 3,125 IU/kg in rats and dogs. In the four weeks repeated intravenous toxicity study, GC-$\gamma$ AHF was administrated intravenosly to both genders of rats and dogs with 3 doses (500, 150, 50 IU/kg). There were neither dead animals nor significant changes of body weights during the experimental Period. In addition, no significant GC-$\gamma$ AHF related changes were found in clinical sign, urinalysis and other finding. Statistically changes were observed in hematological, biochemical and organ weight parameters of treated groups: however these changes were not dose dependent. No histopathological lesion were observed in both control and treated animals. Above data suggest that no observed adverse effect level of test materials in rats and dogs might be over 500 IU/kg/day in this study. In ocular irritation test, any injury on iris, conjunctiva and cornea in rabbits were not observed. The acute ocular irritation index (A.O.I.), mean ocular irritation index (M.O.I.) and Day-7 individual ocular irritation Index (I.O.I.) of GC-$\gamma$ AHF were 0. In the primary skin Irritation test, the primary irritation index (P.I.I.) oj GC-$\gamma$ AHF were 0. Therefore, the GC-$\gamma$ AHF is considered not to have the primary skin and eye toxicity in rabbits. In active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA) test, GC-$\gamma$ AHF and GC-$\gamma$ AHF emulsified with Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) did not induce any symptom of anaphylactic shock in guinea pigs. In passive cutaneous anaphylxis (PCA) test, after sensitization with antisera of GC-$\gamma$ AHF sensitized mice, blue spots were observed on the hypodermis of back of rats, but diameter of each spot was smaller than 5 mm in each test groups except the positive control group. Based on the results of this study, GC-$\gamma$ AHF is not conidered to have any antigenic potential. In conclusion, at levels of up to 500 IU/kg, GC-$\gamma$ AHF did not produce treatment-related toxicity under the conditions of these acute-, four week repeated-toxicity, primary skin and eye toxicity, and antigenicity test.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.403-408
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• 2002

For stimulating the in vivo secretion of IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor-1) which is well known to promote the various physiological actions in human body, the natural herbal extract, YGF251 (young growth factor 251), was developed and evaluated for its effect as IGF-1 secretagogue in this study. The clinical study was peformed as double blind test, and 31 adult female and male volunteers between the age of 40 and 70 were investigated for their changes of concentration of IGF-1 , insulin level, weight, blood pressure, and liver and kidney functions. As the result of paired sample test on the change of the concentration of IGF-1, in YGF251 treated group, it was 245.6 ng/mL before dosing. The concentration of IGF-1 was increased to 269.3 ng/mL after a month and to 275.6 ng/mL after two months, and both were statistically significant (p〈0.05). While in control group, the concentration of IGF-1 was 280.0 ng/mL before dosing, but decreased to 239.2 ng/mL after a month and to 230.2 ng/mL after two months, and both were also statistically significant (p〈0.05). In YGF251 treated group, the concentration of insulin in blood increased about 2 times after a month dosing as an average level, but in control group, it showed a decrease of 36% compared with before dosing. And there were little changes regarding to the measured weight and blood pressure. Various measured data in order to observe the alteration in liver and kidney functions by the administration of YGF251 showed a little change within measuring error range.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.145-157
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to identify Chinese university women's appearance management characteristics and clothing purchasing behavior. A self-administered questionnaire was used. Research period was 15th - 30th March. Frequencies, percent, factor analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, chi-square test were done. The results of study were: 1. The factors of appearance management characteristics were food management, skin care, weight control & tooth correction, nail & hair care, and use of identity kits. The factors of clothing selection criteria were outlook & appropriateness, management & service, fashion & brand, and individuality & price, and factors of information resources were marketer oriented & neutral and consumer oriented & store. 2. Chinese university women were segmented into positive appearance management group, food & skin management group, nail care & identity kits using group, and appearance management stagnated group. Positive appearance management group selected their clothing to pursuit individuality & relaxation, fashion, and conformity, considered fashion or brands more, used various information sources. Food & skin management group purchased their clothing for conformity. Nail care & identity kits using group considered management & service of clothing more, utilized consumer oriented & store information more. 3. Positive appearance management group were younger, and spent more pocket money and for their appearances. Food & skin management group were older, but nail care & identity kits using group were older. Appearance stagnated group spent less pocket money and appearance management.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.536-545
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• 2013

In this study, an integrated motor control algorithm for an in-wheel electric vehicle is suggested. It consists of slip control that controls the in-wheel motor torque using the road friction coefficient and slip ratio; yaw rate control that controls the in-wheel motor torque according to the road friction coefficient and the yaw rate error; and velocity control that controls the vehicle velocity by a weight factor based on the road friction coefficient and the yaw rate error. A co-simulator was developed, which combined the vehicle performance simulator based on MATLAB/Simulink and the vehicle model of CarSim. Based on the co-simulator, a human-in-the-loop simulation environment was constructed, in which a driver can directly control the steering wheel, the accelerator pedal, and the brake pedal in real time. The performance of the integrated motor control algorithm for the in-wheel electric vehicle was evaluated through human-in-the-loop simulations.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.302-309
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• 2023

Wearable devices, attached to the human body, track and enhance users' activities, health, and communication. Therefore, considering ergonomic factors in product design is crucial. However, previous research has somewhat overlooked the importance of integrating ergonomic design elements into a broad spectrum of design factors. This study aims to examine the impact of physical attributes inherent in smart wristbands and smartwatches on the perceived functional value, specifically, perceived usefulness, ease of use, and fit. A survey was conducted among 289 US adults who had experience using smart wristbands or smartwatches. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, t-test, MANOVA, and regression analysis in SPSS version 29. The results showed that the shape of the front display significantly influenced perceived ease of use, and the product's weight had a substantial impact on both perceived ease of use and fit. Furthermore, distinct technical features on the front display had varied effects on perceived usefulness, ease of use, and fit. Notably, the presence of activity tracking, alarm, and calendar functionalities led to distinct differences in ease of use and fit. Features such as distance tracking, phone call, social media notifications, text messaging, and time display functions showed significant influences on the perception of fit. These findings provide insights into the physical values of smart wristbands and smartwatches as perceived by users.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.59-65
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• 1994

Growth-stimulating effects of cow's milk was examined using Vero cell cultre. Medium containing whole cow's milk stimulated cell growth about the same degree as that containing fetal bovine serum. The growth-stimulating factor in cow's milk was purified using hydrophobic (phenyl-sepharose) and gel filtration (Sephadex G-100) column chromatographies. It appeared that the factor is a highly hydrophobic protein, since the major growth-stimulating activity was found in the fractions eluted with 50% ethylene glycol from the phenyl-sepharose column during the purification. The purified factor showed a single band on the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of 1% (w/v) SDS. The factor has been found to have a relatively high molecular weight in the range of about Mr=100,000-150,000. In the presence of the purified factor (5%, w/v) in the culture medium, the incorporation of [3H]-thymidine into the cells was increased approximately 2,400-fold over that in the presence of 5% (w/v) fetal bovine serum. It seems that the growth-stimulating factor purified in this study is one of the major growth factors in the cow's milk.