• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.309-314
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• 2004

The cytotoxic effects of water and ethanol extracts of Echinacea purpurea (L.) (EP) and chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and aqueous fractions from each extract of EP were examined. Every extract and fraction of EP inhibited the growth of human hepatocarcinoma, human gastric cancer cell, human breast cancer cells and human lung carcunoma in concentration-dependent manners over a concentration range of $0.05{\sim}1.0\;mg/ml$. Most extracts and fractions with the concentraction of 1 mg/ml showed strong inhibition of more than 70% for every cancer cell. Only aqueous fractions of each extract showed very weak inhibitons of 12 to 25% on the growth of human normal lung cell with the concentration of 1 mg/ml. Overall selectivity of the extrats and fractions on the four human cancer cell lines was over 2.5. These results indicate that EP has a very potent selective toxicity for cancer cells.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.211-213
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• 2001

A coumestan derivative, psoralidin (1) was found to be a cytotoxic principle of the seeds of Psoralea corylifolia L (Leguminosae) with the IC_{50}$ values of 0.3 and 0.4 ug/ml against the HT-29 (colon) and MCF-7 (breast) human cancer cell lines, respectively. A coumarin, angelicin (2) was also isolated as a marginally cytotoxic agent along with an inactive compound, psoralene (3) from the plant. The isolates 1-3 were not active against the A54l(lung) and HepG2 (liver hepatoma) cancer cell lines.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.1106-1109
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• 2008

The anti-Helicobacter pylori activity, cytotoxicity, and anti-inflammatory activity of white ginseng extract (WGE) were investigated in vitro in this study. The antimicrobial effects of WGE toward H. pylori strains 52 J99, SSI, and 51 were tested using the disk diffusion method. Among these H. pylori strains, H. pylori 52 was the most sensitive, having the largest inhibition zone (19 mm), followed by J99, SSI, and 51. The zone of inhibition due to WGE increased significantly with increasing dosage. The cytotoxicity of WGE toward the human cancer cell lines A-549 (human lung carcinoma), HEC-1-B (human endometrial adenocarcinoma), HeLa (human uterin adenocarcinoma), and SW-156 (human kidney carcinoma) was measured using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthizol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenylate-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. WGE exhibited an inhibitory effect on cell growth at 2.0 mg/mL for all tumor cell lines. An analysis of anti-inflammatory activity using the RAW 264.7 cell line showed that the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production increased as the WGE content increased. These results demonstrate the potential of WGE to be used as a health-promoting substance.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.405-414
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• 2015

This study examines the effects of purple Kohlrabi fresh and peel ethanol extracts on the antioxidative activity and antiproliferation of human cancer cells (Hep G2 human liver, HCT-116 human colon, and A549 human lung cancer cells.) The total flavonoid and anthocyanin content of purple Kohlrabi ethanol extracts were much greater in the peel than in the flesh. The DPPH radical scavenging activity and antioxidative index of purple Kohlrabi peel extracts were similar to those of the BHA and the BHT. Antiproliferation effects of purple Kohlrabi peel extracts on human cancer cells (Hep G2, HCT-116, and A549) strengthened in a dose-dependent manner. In particular, the antiproliferation activity of purple Kohlrabi peel extracts exceeded 40% in colon cancer cells. These results indicate that the purple Kohlrabi peel may contain bioactive compounds such as flavonoids as well as anthocyanin and that these compounds may facilitate cancer prevention.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.103-113
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• 2015

This study examines the effects of Korean Crataegi fructrus(KCF) and Chinese Crataegi fructrus(CCF) on the antioxidative activity and antiproliferation of human cancer cells(HCT-116 human colon, Hep G2 human liver, and A549 human lung cancer cells). The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents, and antioxidative index of the Crataegi fructrus ethanol extracts were significantly higher in KCF than in CCF. The DPPH radical-scavenging activity of the KCF ethanol extract was 82.26%(1000 ppm), and that of the CCF ethanol extract was 77.64%. Antiproliferation effects of 80% ethanol extracts of KCF and CCF on human cancer cells(HCT-116, Hep G2 and A549) increased in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibitory effects of KFC on HCT-116 and A549 cells were greater than those of CCF. The results suggest that ethanol extracts of Crataegi fructrus have antioxidative and hyperplasia inhibition effects on human cancer cells.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.110-120
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• 2002

To clarify the difference in glucose uptake between human cancer cells and monocytes, we studied $[^{18}F]$ fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in three human colon cancer cell lines (SNU-C2A, SNU-C4, SNU-C5), one human lung cancer cell line (NCI-H522), and human peripheral blood monocytes. The FDG uptake of both cancer cells and monocytes was increased in glucose-free medium, but decreased in the medium containing 16.7 mM glucose (hyperglycemic). The level of Glut1 mRNA decreased in human colon cancer cells and NCI-H522 under hyperglycemic condition. Glut1 protein expression was also decreased in the four human cancer cell lines under hyperglycemic condition, whereas it was consistently undetectable in monocytes. SNU-C2A, SNU-C4 and NCI-H522 showed a similar level of hexokinase activity (7.5 - 10.8 mU/mg), while SNU-C5 and monocytes showed lower range of hexokinase activity (4.3 - 6.5 mU/mg). These data suggest that glucose uptake is regulated by different mechanisms in human cancer cells and monocytes.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.3793-3798
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• 2013

The role of protease-activated receptors (PARs) in lung tumors is controversial. Although PAR4 is preferentially expressed in human lung tissues, its possible significance in lung cancer has not been defined. The studies reported herein used a combination of clinical observations and molecular methods. Surgically resected lung adenocarcinomas and associated adjacent normal lung tissues were collected and BEAS-2B and NCI-H157 cell lines were grown in tissue culture. PAR4 expression was evaluated by RT-PCR, RT-qPCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry analysis. The results showed that PAR4 mRNA expression was generally decreased in lung adenocarcinoma tissues as compared with matched noncancerous tissues (67.7%) and was associated with poor differentiation (p=0.017) and metastasis (p=0.04). Western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis also showed that PAR4 protein levels were mostly decreased in lung adenocarcinoma tissues (61.3%), and were also associated with poor differentiation (p=0.035) and clinical stage (p=0.027). Moreover, PAR4 expression was decreased in NCI-H157 cells as compared with BEAS-2B cells. In conclusion, PAR4 expression is significantly decreased in lung adenocarcinoma, and down-regulation of PAR4 is associated with a more clinically aggressive phenotype. PAR4 may acts as a tumor suppressor in lung adenocarcinoma.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.423-429
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• 2011

B13 analogues are being considered as therapeutic agents for cancer cells, since B13 is a ceramide analogue and inhibits ceramidase to promote apoptosis in cancer cells. B13 sulfonamides are assumed to have biological activity similar to B13, since they are made by bioisosterically substituting the carboxyl moiety of B13 with sulfone group. Twenty B13 sulfonamides were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxicities against human colon cancer HT-29 and lung cancer A549 cell lines using MTT assays. Replacement of the amide group with a sulfonamide group increased cytotoxicity in both cancer cell lines. The sulfonamides with long alkyl chains exhibited activities two to three times more potent than that of B13 and compound (15) had the most potent activity with $IC_{50}$ values of 27 and $28.7{\mu}M$ for HT-29 and A549, respectively. The comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA) were used to carry out QSAR molecular modeling of these compounds. The predictive CoMSIA models for HT-29 and A549 gave cross-validated q2 values of 0.703 and 0.830, respectively. From graphical analysis of these models, we suppose that the stereochemistry of 1,3-propandiol is not important for activity and that introduction of a sulfonamide group and long alkyl chains into B13 can increase cytotoxicity.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.109-116
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• 2007

2-Chlorobenzoyl hydrazine refluxed with benzoyl isothiocyanate and phenyl isothiocyanate in ethanol for 3 hours to give benzamide derivative (1) and anilinederivative (2) on yield of 71%and 95%, respectively. Benzamide derivative (1) reacted with ethanolic sodium hydroxide on reflux to afford cyclization product (3), followed by general substitution reaction of two steps to give acetamide (5), and derivatived acetamides 7a-7k, while aniline derivative (2) reacted with ethanolic sodium hydroxide on reflux to afford another cyclization product (4). Thiol (4) reacted with N-phenyl chloroacetamide in the presence of potassim carbonate to give acetamide derivative (6). Compounds 1-7kwere evaluated for their growth inhibition against five cancer cell lines, including human lung carcinoma (A-549), human prostate cancer (DU145), human colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29), human malignant melanoma (SK-MEL-2) and human ovary malignant ascites (SK-OV-3) with sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. All compounds (1-7k) showed low inhibition activities under 50% on 100M concentration.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.739-746
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• 1998

This study was designed to investigated the antitumor effect and change chemosensitivity of chitosan in 2 kinds of humen lung cancer cell lines(NCI-H522, NCI-H596). To evaluate the antitumor effect and synergistic effectof chomosensitivity, MTT assay was used in vitro. then anticancer drugs used were 챤-platin , ectoposide, and adrimycin. The results of this study were as follows; Chitosan shwoed in antitumor effect on both NCI-H522 and NCI-H596. The lung cancer viability percent for NCI-H522 and NCL-H596 showed at the lowest levels of 5.31 and 5.33% when the concentration of chitosan was 25mg/$m\ell$ media and the exposure time of chitosan was 72 hours. ID50 value of chitosan on both NCI-H522 and NCI-H596 showed at the lowest levels of 14.07, 11.68 mg/$m\ell$ media when the exposure time of chitosan was 72 hours. the synergistic effect of chomosensitivity was better in NCI-H596 than in NCI0H522 . When the synergistic effect of chomosensitivity was shown according to the kind of the anticancer drugs, in case of NCI-H522 , in the concentration of 100$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$, ectoposide showed the highest synergistic effect of chomosensitivity and then was adrimycin In case of NCI-H596, in the concentration of 100$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$,, the order of the synergistic effect of chomosensitivity was ectoposide>adrimycin>cis-platin and in the concentration of 10$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$, ectoposide>cis-platin >adrimycin. It is concluded that chitosan is an active antitumor agent and is increased chomosensitivity though there is difference according to the kind and the concentration of anticancer drugs. But to be sued to lung cancer theraphy, further studies on toxicity, the mechanism of action, animal experiment are wanted.