• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.31-46
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of human touch on turnover intention of ground handling employees at airport. Additionally, this study examines a comprehensive mediating effect of the work schedule and workload between human touch and turnover intention. To examine them, over 700 ground handling employees from six international airports of South Korea were surveyed using the simple random sampling method. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire, and it was developed based on previous research results. The methodology adopted in this study is the structural equation modeling (SEM). According to SEM analysis, it was proven that both psychological and physical human touch have a significant effect on turnover intention of the employees. Work schedule played a mediating role among all three factors of human touch and turnover intention. However, workload has a mediating effect only between communication human touch and turnover intention. Based on the above findings, theoretical and practical implications are also discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.51-63
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• 2017

The touch panel was developed decades ago and has become a popular input device in daily life. Because human-computer interaction is becoming more important, the next generation of touch panels require stretchability and bio-compatibility to allow integration with the human body. However, because most touch panels were developed based on stiff, brittle electrodes, electronic touch panels face difficulties to achieve such requirements. In this paper, for the first time, we demonstrate an ionic touch panel based on polyacrylamide hydrogel containing LiCl ions. The panel is soft and stretchable and thus, can sustain a large deformation. The panel can freely transmit light information through it because the hydrogel is transparent, with 99 % transmittance for visible light. A 1-dimensional touch strip was investigated to reveal the basic mechanism of sensing, and a 2-dimensional touch panel was developed to demonstrate its functionalities. The ionic touch panel was operated under high deformation with more than 1000% areal strain without sacrificing its functionalities. Furthermore, an epidermal touch panel on the skin was developed to demonstrate the mechanical and optical invisibility of the ionic touch panel through writing words, playing the piano and playing games.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.21-29
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• 2015

As the number of malicious Android applications increases rapidly, many automatic analysis systems are proposed. Hoping to trigger as many malicious behaviors as possible, the automatic analysis systems are adopting random touch generation modules. In this paper, we propose how to differentiate real human touches and randomly generated touches. Through experiments, we figured out that the distance between two consecutive human touches is shorter than that of random generation module. Also we found that the touch speed of human is also limited. In addition, humans rarely touch the outer area of smartphone screen. By using statistics of human smartphone touch, we developed an algorithm to differentiate between human touches and randomly generated touches. We hope this research will help enhance automatic Android app analysis systems.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.72-85
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• 2008

With the new millennium setting in, our society is plowing its way through more drastically changing currents than ever. Nowadays, many people believe that high tech such as the Internet, digital civilization, the IT revolution, bio-industry, and the genome project, that has brought humans material prosperity, is the right change in direction. However, the more we adopt high tech into our lives, the more we desire high touch in order to achieve a balance. In other words, we need something to act as a ballast to stabilize our minds. As such, the more high tech develops, the more individuals miss and search for tools that appeal to their emotions. Because of this, although high touch is an opposite concept to high tech, it coexists with high tech, and it is defined as "human contact of high sensitivity that stimulates the emotion of humans". High Touch, a term which originated from "High Tech, High Touch", a book written by American futurist John Naisbitt, refers to human contact that makes human life richer, forminga deep impression on individuals and providing comfort. As such, high touch, which is gaining significant attention in modern society, is a phenomenon occurring throughout politics, society, culture, art, and religion, together with high tech. Through high touch, modern people must realize how to understand and accept a modern society that is dominated by the age of technology and in which direction they should head. Under this background, this study has the following objectives: to interpret the concept of high touch in the age of high tech in association with formative art and fashion, and through various media examine the desire for expression that may stimulate emotion in modern people, which is required by the high tech-prevalent modern society. It further analyzes how high touch is reflected in modern fashion and presents the direction future fashion should head in.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.53-59
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• 2002

The surface fibers on the fabric is one of decisive factors which affects human sensory evaluation as well as heat and moisture transfer characteristics. In this study the length and distribution of surface fibers that are extruded from the fabric surface of the wool/wool blend fabrics (14 wool fabrics and 10 wool blend fabrics) and its contribution to subjective sensory evaluation were investigated. In order to quantify the length and distribution of surface fibers, image analysis and wavelet transform technique were introduced. Instant warm-cool feeling of touch, Q$\_$max/, and contact area were also measured and related to the quantified surface fibers. To figure out the effect of surface characteristics on sensory evaluation, human sensory responses to three adjectives which represent surface characteristics and warm-cool feeling of touch were obtained and analyzed. The relationship between the quantified surface fibers assessed by wavelet energy and both warm-cool reeling of touch, Qmax, and human sensory response were discussed.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.145-150
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• 2005

This paper presents an Electrotactile Display System (ETCS). One of the most important human sensory systems for human computer interaction is the sense of touch, which can be displayed to human through tactile output devices. To realize the sense of touch, electrotactile display produces controlled, localized touch sensation on the skin by passing small electric current. In electrotactile stimulation, the mechanoreceptors in the skin may be stimulated individually in order to display the sense of vibration, touch, itch, tingle, pressure etc. on the finger, palm, arm or any suitable location of the body by using appropriate electrodes and waveforms. We developed an ETCS and investigated effectiveness of the proposed system in terms of the perception of roughness of a surface by stimulating the palmar side of hand with different waveforms and the perception of direction and location information through forearm. Positive and negative pulse trains were tested with different current intensities and electrode switching times on the forearm or finger of the user with an electrode-embedded armband in order to investigate how subjects recognize displayed patterns and directions of stimulation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.108-114
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• 2011

In order to mitigate the possible hazards from electric shock due to the touch and step voltages, the high resistivity material such as gravel is often spread on the earth's surface in substations. When the grounding electrode is installed in two-layer soil structures, the surface layer soil resistivity is different with the resistivity of the soil contacted with the grounding electrodes. The design of large-sized grounding systems is fundamentally based on assuring safety from dangerous voltages within a grounding grid area. The performance of the grounding system is evaluated by tolerable touch and step voltages. Since the floor surface conditions near equipment to be grounded are changed after a grounding system has been constructed, it may be difficult to determine the tolerable touch and step voltage criteria. In this paper, to propose an accurate and convenient method for evaluating the protective performance of grounding systems, the propriety of the method for evaluating the current flowing through the human body around on a counterpoise buried in two-layer soils is presented. As a result, it is reasonable that the grounding system performance would be evaluated by measuring and analyzing the current flowing through the human body based on dangerous voltages such as the touch or step voltages and the contact resistance between the ground surface and feet.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.633-640
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• 1995

The trends in nursing practice are not disease-oriented approaches but holistic, humanistic approaches such as human touch, which is an easily applied, economic, and efficient intervention. The purposes of this paper were to clarify the meaning of the concept "touch" to define the precise attributes of “touch” which could be a basis for nursing interventions. This study uses Walker & Avant's process of concept analysis. The concept of touch can be defined as follows : Touch is a process of communication and physical contact with intention, which is transfered by tactile senses. Attributes of touch are defined as 1) It is transferred by tactile senses. 2) A process of communication 3) A expressive pathway of emotion 4) It has intention. Antecedents of "touch" consist that 1) the touch provider understands the touch receiver's perception of past experiences of touch : 2) the touch provider is concerned about the touch receiver and comes up to the touch receiver : 3) the touch provider wants to deliver his /her emotions ; 4) the touch receiver needs the ability to differentiate the tactile senses. In regard to the consequences of touch, it is expected to keep the touching action between the touch provider and receiver, to feel empathy, to able to perceive the consumer's needs, to feel comfort, intimacy, trust, and to calm down the physiological variables. That is performing the nursing as a caring science.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.799-805
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• 2015

In this paper, an inkjet-printed capacitive touch pad is proposed. This touch pad detects contacts of human finger by detecting changes in effective capacitance due to electrical impedance of human finger. A flexible, low-cost and disposable paper is used as a substrate. Inkjet printing technology makes the fabrication fast, simple and environmentally friendly. Measured capacitances of the touched and untouched states are in the range of 163 to 182pF and 218 to 272pF, respectively. The differences in the measured capacitance of each state are sufficiently large to recognize that a finger has made contact with touch pad.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.02a
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• pp.266-274
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• 2006

본 논문은 새로운 햅틱 API 인 "K-Touch"의 개발에 관한 것이다. 그래픽 하드웨어 기반의 핵심 역감 알고리즘을 기반으로 개발된 K-Touch API 는 가상 환경을 구성하는 다양한 데이터 형식(3D polygon model, volume data, 2.5D depth image)에 대한 햅틱 상호작용을 가능하게 하고, 새로운 햅틱 알고리즘 및 장치 개발에 필요한 소프트웨어 확장성을 제공함과 동시에 사용자가 쉽고 빠르게 햅틱 응용분야를 개발할 수 있도록 설계되었다. 아울러 햅틱 감각의 중요 요소인 역감 및 촉감 상호작용을 위해 기존의 햅틱 SDK 및 API 와 달리 역/촉감을 동시에 제시할 수 있는 알고리즘이 개발되었다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 새로운 햅틱 API 의 효용성을 검증하기 위해 다양한 응용분야의 예를 구현하였다. 새로운 햅틱 API 인 K-Touch 는 사용자 및 연구자에게 보다 효율적으로 햅틱 연구를 진행 할 수 있도록 도움을 주는 툴(Tool)로써 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 기대된다.