• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2009년도 9th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.421-427
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• 2009

We successfully fabricated 4.7-inch organic thin film transistors array with $640{\times}480$ pixels on flexible substrate. All the processes were done by photolithography, spin coating and ink-jet printing. The OTFT-Electrophoretic (EP) pixel structure, based on a top gate OTFT, was fabricated. The mobility, ON/OFF ratio, subthreshold swing and threshold voltage of OTFT on flexible substrate are: 0.01 ^2/V-s, 1.3 V/dec, 10E5 and -3.5 V. After laminated the EP media on OTFT array, a panel of 4.7-inch $640{\times}480$ OTFT-EPD was fabricated. All of process temperature in OTFT-EPD is lower than $150^{\circ}C$. The pixel size in our panel is $150{\mu}m{\times}150{\mu}m$, and the aperture ratio is 50 %. The OTFT channel length and width is 20 um and 200um, respectively. We also used OTFT to drive EP media successfully. The operation voltages that are used on the gate bias are -30 V during the row data selection and the gate bias are 0 V during the row data hold time. The data voltages that are used on the source bias are -20 V, 0 V, and 20 V during display media operation.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.881-887
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• 2018

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary cashew nut testa (CNT) as an alternative feed ingredient to wheat bran on reproductive performance, litter performance, milk composition, and blood profiles of gestating sows. Methods: Forth multiparous sows ($Yorkshire{\times}Landrace$) were fed experimental diets starting at 35 days of pregnancy and an initial average body weight (BW) of $211.53{\pm}8.86kg$. Each sow was assigned to a treatment based on BW, backfat thickness (BF) and parity with 10 sows per treatment. Treatments were as follows: i) corn-soybean meal based diet with 6% of wheat bran (C0); ii) basal diet with 2% of CNT and 4% of wheat bran (C2); iii) basal diet with 4% of CNT and 2% of wheat bran (C4); and iv) basal diet with 6% of CNT (C6). Results: There were no statistically significant differences in BW and BF of gestating sows throughout the experimental period. However, changes in BF (p = 0.09) and the daily feed intake of sows (p = 0.09) tended to linearly increase during the lactation period. The weaning to estrus interval (WEI) showed a quadratic response to CNT treatment (p = 0.02), and the C2 diet showed the shortest WEI. Litter birth weight (p = 0.04) and piglet birth weight (p = 0.06) were linearly decreased with increase in CNT. Furthermore, there had no significant differences in piglet weight and litter weight in 21 day. Insulin concentration at day 70 of gestation was linearly reduced with increasing CNT level in diets (p = 0.03). Conclusion: When 6% CNT replaced wheat bran in gestating sow diets, there were no negative effects on sow performance, but litter birth weight and piglet birth weight were decreased when CNT level increased in gestating sow diets.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권17호
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• pp.7195-7200
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• 2014

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate how CYP2C19 affects icotinib and metabolite' exposure, and to determine whether the exposure and EGFR genotype influences survival time, tumor metastasis and adverse drug reactions. Materials and Methods: 274 NSCLC patients who accepted 125mg icotinib/t.i.d. were chosen from a phase III study. Blood samples were obtained in $672^{nd}$ ($4^{th}$ week) and $1,680^{th}$ hours ($10^{th}$ week), and plasma was used to quantify the concentration of icotinib and blood cells were sampled to check the genotypes. Clinical data were also collected at the same time, including EGFR genotypes. Plasma concentrations were assessed by HPLC-MS/MS and genotype by sequencing. All data were analyzed through SPSS 17.0 and SAS 9.2. Results: CYP 2C19 genotypes affected bio-transformation from icotinib to M24 and M26, especially in poor-metabolisers. Higher icotinib concentrations (>1000 ng/mL) not only increased patient PFS and OS but also reduced tumor metastasis. Patients with mutant EGFR experienced a higher median PFS and OS (234 and 627 days), especially those with the 19del genotype demonstrating higher PR ratio. Patients who suffered grade II skin toxicity had a higher icotinib exposure than those with grade I skin toxicity or no adverse effects. Liver toxic reactions might occur in patients with greater M20 and M23 plasma concentrations. Conclusions: CYP2C19 polymorphisms significantly affect icotinib, M24 and M26 exposure. Patients with mutant EGFR genotype and higher icotinib concentration might have increased PFS and OS and lower tumor metastasis. Liver ADR events and serious skin effects might be respectively induced by greater M20, M23 and icotinib concentrations.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.6363-6367
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• 2013

Atractylis lancea (Thunb.) DC. (AL), an important medicinal herb in Asia, has been shown to have anti-tumor effects on cancer cells, but the involved mechanisms are poorly understood. This study focused on potential effects and molecular mechanisms of AL on the proliferation of the Hep-G2 liver cancer cell line in vitro. Cell viability was assessed by MTT test in Hep-G2 cells incubated with an ethanol extract of AL. Then, the effects of AL on apoptosis and cell cycle progression were determined by flow cytometry. Telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assays was performed to investigate telomerase activity. The mRNA and protein expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and c-myc were determined by real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting. Our results show that AL effectively inhibits proliferation in Hep-G2 cells in a concentrationand time-dependent manner. When Hep-G2 cells were treated with AL after 48h,the $IC_{50}$ was about 72.1 ${\mu}g/mL$. Apoptosis was induced by AL via arresting the cells in the G1 phase. Furthermore, AL effectively reduced telomerase activity through inhibition of mRNA and protein expression of hTERT and c-myc. Hence, these data demonstrate that AL exerts anti-proliferative effects in Hep-G2 cells via down-regulation of the c-myc/hTERT/telomerase pathway.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.1241-1245
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• 2015

Background: Thyroid carcinoma is the most common malignancy of the endocrine organs. Although the majority of thyroid cancer patients experience positive outcomes, anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is considered one of the most aggressive malignancies. Current therapeutic regimens do not confer a significant survival benefit, and new therapies are urgently needed. Oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) may represent a promising therapy for cancer. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of a third-generation HSV vector, $G47{\Delta}$, on various human thyroid carcinoma cell lines in vitro. Two subcutaneous (s.c.) models of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma were also established to evaluate the in vivo anti-tumor efficacy of $G47{\Delta}$. Materials and Methods: The human thyroid carcinoma cell line ARO, FRO, WRO, and KAT-5, were infected with $G47{\Delta}$ at different multiplicities of infection (MOIs) in vitro. The survival rates of infected cells were calculated each day. Two s.c. tumor models were established using ARO and FRO cells in Balb/c nude mice, which were intratumorally (i.t.) treated with either $G47{\Delta}$ or mock. Tumor volumes and mouse survival times were documented. Results: $G47{\Delta}$ was highly cytotoxic to different types of thyroid carcinomas. For ARO, FRO, and KAT-5, greater than 30% and 80% of cells were killed at MOI=0.01 and MOI=0.1, respectively on day 5. WRO cells displayed modest sensitivity to $G47{\Delta}$, with only 21% and 38% of cells killed. In the s.c. tumor model, both of the anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell lines (ARO and FRO) were highly sensitive to $G47{\Delta}$; $G47{\Delta}$ significantly inhibited tumor growth and prolonged the survival of mice bearing s.c. ARO and FRO tumors. Conclusions: The oHSV $G47{\Delta}$ can effectively kill different types of human thyroid carcinomas in vitro. $G47{\Delta}$ significantly inhibited growth of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma in vivo and prolonged animal survival. Therefore, $G47{\Delta}$ may hold great promise for thyroid cancer patients.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.270-276
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• 2018

Background: Notoginsenoside Ft1 is a promising potential candidate for cardiovascular and cancer disease therapy owing to its positive pharmacological activities. However, the yield of Ft1 is ultralow utilizing reported methods. Herein, an acid hydrolyzing strategy was implemented in the acquirement of rare notoginsenoside Ft1. Methods: Chemical profiles were identified by ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with quadruple-time-of-flight and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-ESI-MS). The acid hydrolyzing dynamic changes of chemical compositions and the possible transformation pathways of saponins were monitored by ultrahigh-performance LC coupled with tandem MS (UHPLC-MS/ MS). Results and conclusion: Notoginsenoside Ft1 was epimerized from notoginsenoside ST4, which was generated through cleaving the carbohydrate side chains at C-20 of notoginsenosides Fa and Fc, and vinaginsenoside R7, and further converted to other compounds via hydroxylation at C-25 or hydrolysis of the carbohydrate side chains at C-3 under the acid conditions. High temperature contributed to the hydroxylation reaction at C-25 and 25% acetic acid concentration was conducive to the preparation of notoginsenoside Ft1. C-20 epimers of notoginsenoside Ft1 and ST4 were successfully separated utilizing solvent method of acetic acid solution. The theoretical preparation yield rate of notoginsenoside Ft1 was about 1.8%, which would be beneficial to further study on its bioactivities and clinical application.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.363-370
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• 2014

Campylobacter jejuni is a prevalent foodborne pathogen worldwide. Human infection by C. jejuni primarily arises from contaminated poultry meats. Genes expressed in vivo may play an important role in the pathogenicity of C. jejuni. We applied an immunoscreening method, in vivo-induced antigen technology (IVIAT), to identify in vivo-induced genes during human infection by C. jejuni. An inducible expression library of genomic proteins was constructed from sequenced C. jejuni NCTC 11168 and was then screened using adsorbed, pooled human sera obtained from clinical patients. We successfully identified 24 unique genes expressed in vivo. These genes were implicated in metabolism, molecular biosynthesis, genetic information processing, transport, and other processes. We selected six genes with different functions to compare their expression levels in vivo and in vitro using real-time RT-PCR. The results showed that the selected six genes were significantly upregulated in vivo but not in vitro. In short, these identified in vivo-induced genes may contribute to human infection of C. jejuni, some of which may be meaningful vaccine candidate antigens or diagnosis serologic markers for campylobacteriosis. IVIAT may present a significant and efficient method for understanding the pathogenicity mechanism of Campylobacter and for finding targets for its prevention and control.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2003

우유의 여러 가지 품질 평가방법 중에서 소비자의 입장에서 중요한 기준이 되는 관능검사를 통해서 ESL우유와 non-ESL우유의 품질을 비교하여 그 차이점을 확인하였다. ESL우유의 1개사 제품과 non0ESL우유 4개사 제품을 $5^{\circ}C$ 와 $10^{\circ}C$에서 시료의 pH 및 적정산도는 그 변화가 크지 않았으며, 유성분인 fat, protein, lactose의 변화 역시 크지 않았다. 반면에 관능적으로 평가된 신섬함은 보존 5일차에 가장 신선하게 나타났다. ESL우유와 non-ESL우유의 QDA(quantitative descriptive analysis) diagram에 따르면, 동일한 조건상에서 저장지간 중 non-ESL우유의 관능적 품질 저하가 ESL우유보다 컸으며, 그 정도는 $10^{\circ}C$에서 두드러졌다. 우유의 신선도 평가 기준인 FFA(free fatty acid)와 관능적으로 느끼는 신선도 상의 상관분석을 통해서, 우유의 신선도는 FFA보다 우유의 풍미 및 미생물적 부패와 상관관계가 크다는 것으로 확인되었다. 결론적으로 우유의 신선도 결정에는 관능적 풍미가 가장 중요한 기준이 되며, non-ESL우유보다 ESL우유가 보존기간 중 신선함이 오래 지속되는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.405-413
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• 1984

전보에 이어 가물치의 지질을 체부위별(육질부, 피부. 내장부)로 유리지질과 결합지질로 분획하고, 지질 및 구성지방산의 조성을 분석, 검토한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 평균적으로 유리지질은 총 지질의 $32.80\%$를 차지하여 결합지질 $3.86\%$에 비하면 약 8.5배 정도의 높은 함량이었다. 부위별로 유리지질의 함량을 보면 내장부가 $67.50\%$로서 가장 높았고 피부($20.04\%$), 육질부 ($10.85\%$)의 순이었다. 2, 유리지질중에는 중성지질이 $66.6{\sim}72.4\%$, 인지질이 $17.9{\sim}20.4\%$ 그리고 당지질이 $5.7{\sim}12.2\%$ 함유되어 있었으며, 결합지질중에는 인지질이 $28.6{\sim}50.6\%$, 중성지질이 $13.2{\sim}36.1\%$ 그리고 당지질이 $3.8{\sim}22.8\%$ 함유되어 있었다. 3. 유리지질중의 중성지질은 triglyceride(TG)가 $62.00{\sim}90.20\%$, 결합지질중의 중성지질은 esterified sterol(ES) 및 hydrocarbon(HC)이 $51.3{\sim}72.70\%$의 함량으로 가강 많았다. 한편 유리지질중의 인지질은 phosphatidyl ethanolamine(PE)이 $28.9{\sim}42.75\%$. phosphatidyl choline(PC)이 $27.85{\sim}41.06\%$로서 비슷한 함량을 보였으나, 결합지질중의 인지질은 phosphatidyl choline(PC)의 $47.18{\sim}52.54\%$, phosphatidyl ethanolamine(PE)은 $17.88{\sim}26.67\%$ 로서 많은 차이를 보였다. 4. 극성지질의 주요 구성지방산을 유리 및 결합지질로 비교하여 보면 $C_{16:0}산(21.03\%,\;22.62\%),\;C_{16:1}(8.70\%,\;30.1\%),\;C_{18:1}산(20.62\%,\;12.11\%),\;C_{22:5}(3.02\%,\;9.86\%)\;C_{22:6}산(7.56\%,\;16.02\%)$ 인 반면 비극성지질의 경우에는 $C_{16:0}산(18.98\%,\;19.12\%),\;C_{16:1}산(9.04\%,\;13.49\%),\;C_{18:1}산(22.94\%,\;11.61\%)\;C_{22:5}산(3.00\%,\;10.05\%)$였다. 5. 불포화도(TUFA/TSFA)는 결합지질이 유리지질보다 약2.5배 정도 높았으며, monoenoic acid에 대한 polyenoic acid의 비(TPEA/TMEA)르 결합지질이 유리지질보다 훨씬 높았다. 6. 필수지방산(EFA)의 함량은 유리지질이 결합지질에 비하여 높았으나 w3 고도불포화방방산(w3-HU-FA)의 함량에 있어서는 그 반대이었다. 부위별로는 지질의 함량 및 지방산의 조성이 많은 차이를 보였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.2433-2437
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• 2013

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent regulator of angiogenesis and thereby involved in the development and progression of solid tumours. Associations between three VEGF gene polymorphisms (-634 G/C, +936 C/T, and +1612 G/A) and breast cancer risk have been extensively studied, but the currently available results are inconclusive. Our aim was to investigate associations between three VEGF gene polymorphisms and breast cancer risk in Chinese Han patients. We performed a hospital-based case-control study including 680 female incident breast cancer patients and 680 female age-matched healthy control subjects. Polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis was performed to detect the three VEGF gene polymorphisms. We observed that women carriers of +936 TT genotypes [odds ratio (OR) =0.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.28, 0.76; P=0.002] or 936 T-allele (OR=0.81, 95% CI= 0.68, 0.98; P=0.03) had a protective effect concerning the disease. Our study suggested that the +1612G/A polymorphism was unlikely to be associated with breast cancer risk. The -634CC genotype was significantly associated with high tumor aggressiveness [large tumor size (OR=2.63, 95% CI=1.15, 6.02; P=0.02) and high histologic grade (OR=1.47, 95% CI= 1.06, 2.03; P=0.02)]. The genotypes were not related with other tumor characteristics such as regional or distant metastasis, stage at diagnosis, or estrogen or progesterone receptor status. Our study revealed that the VEGF -634 G/C and +936 C/T gene polymorphisms may be associated with breast cancer in Chinese Han patients.