• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.311-318
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• 2009

In previous study, a new allocation methodology of common cost on multi-product have been suggested. The aim of this study is to suggest the methodology that allocates an environment pollution cost including carbon emission cost to each cost of multi-product. For this study, a supposed multi-energy system composed of twenty kinds of systems was made. The multi-energy system produces eighteen kinds of outputs that are electricity, steam, hot water, chilled water, ice, warm air, and cooling air from seven kinds of energy source that are LNG, coil, geothermal energy, sun heat, hydrogen, bio-mass, and waste. The new methodology was applied to the multi-energy system in order to allocate the environment pollution cost to each production cost, and twenty seven equations were induced. From this result, it is concluded that this methodology can estimate each unit cost and allocate each cost flow in any product of any energy system.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.341-346
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• 2005

Nowadays, adsorption chillers have been receiving considerable attentions as they are energy-saving and environmental1y benign systems. A Fin & tube type heat exchanger in which adsorption/desorption take place is required more compact size. The adsorption chiller is expected to have high energy-efficiency in utilizing the waste heat exhausted from a process. The objectives of this paper are to investigate the effect of fin pitch of fin & tube on the adsorption performance and to develop an optimal design fin & tube heat exchanger in the silica gel/water adsorption chiller. Previous study concluded that optimal particle size selected 0.5mm, type HO silica gel, and fundamental heat transfer & mass transfer experiments carried out. From the numerical results, the adsorption rate for the fin pitch 2.5mm is the highest than that for the fin pitch 5mm, 7.5mm and 10mm. Also cooling water & hot water temperature affect the adsorption rate.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.239-246
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• 2016

This study aims to analyze region-specific trends in changing greenhouse gas emissions in incineration plants of local government where waste heat generated during incineration are reused for the recent five years (2009 to 2013). The greenhouse gas generated from the incineration plants is largely $CO_2$ with a small amount of $CH_4$ and $N_2O$. Most of the incineration plants operated by local government produce steam with waste heat generated from incineration to produce electricity or reuse it for hot water/heating and resident convenience. And steam in some industrial complexes is supplied to companies who require it for obtaining resources for local government or incineration plants. All incineration plants, research targets of this study, are using LNG or diesel fuel as auxiliary fuel for incinerating wastes and some of the facilities are using LFG(Landfill Gas). The calculation of greenhouse gas generated during waste incineration was according to the Local Government's Greenhouse Emissions Calculation Guideline. As a result of calculation, the total amount of greenhouse gas released from all incineration plants for five years was about $3,174,000tCO_2eq$. To look at it by year, the biggest amount was about $877,000tCO_2eq$ in 2013. To look at it by region, Gyeonggido showed the biggest amount (about $163,000tCO_2eq$ annually) and the greenhouse gas emissions per capita was the highest in Ulsan Metropolitan City(about $154kCO_2eq$ annually). As a result of greenhouse gas emissions calculation, some incineration plants showed more emissions by heat recovery than by incineration, which rather reduced the total amount of greenhouse gas emissions. For more accurate calculation of greenhouse gas emissions in the future, input data management system needs to be improved.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.14 no.4 s.44
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• pp.248-258
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• 2005

In the present study, in order to estimate possibility as a waste heat recovery system, three different heat exchangers are developed. The developed heat exchangers are tile system to supply the hot water using fermentation of waste biomass. For the experiments, various biomass materials were examined to obtain the best heat recovery. Waste heat recovery system was studied numerically and experimentally. Heat exchanger system was designed specially to obtain the optimum heat exchanging performance. The biomass heat exchanger was operated for 20 minutes, after 1 hour from start-up, the temperature of the biomass dump has been raised to the possible operation temperature. From the three time operations per day, the system would be able to supply the amount of energy, about 62,400 kcal/day.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.457-463
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• 2013

Nowadays, adsorption chillers have been receiving considerable attention, as they are energy saving and environmentally benign systems. A fin tube type heat exchanger in which adsorption/desorption takes place is required with more compact size. The adsorption chiller is expected to have high energy efficiency in utilizing the waste heat exhausted from a process. The objectives of this paper are to scrutinize the effect of design parameters on the adsorption performance, especially the fin pitch of the fin tube, and to develop an optimal design fin tube heat exchanger in a silica gel/water adsorption chiller. From the numerical results, the fin pitch of 2.5 mm shows the highest adsorption rate, compared to other fin pitches, such as 5 mm, 7.5 mm and 10mm. Also, the adsorption rate is affected by the cooling water and hot water temperature.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.217-223
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• 2010

In general, fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP) wastes are simply buried or burned. Landfill brings about a permanent contamination of soil due to the inability of FRP to decompose and incineration causes an issue of generating toxic gases and dusts. There have been several ways to treat the FRP wastes such as landfill, incineration, chemical recycling, material recycling and the utilization of energy from combustion. Most methods excluding material recycling are known to have critical limitations in economic, technical and environmental manners. However it is known that material recycling is most desirable among the methods handling FRP wastes. In this study, to investigate the purpose of feasibility of material recycling, various bulk molding compound (BMC) specimens were prepared with the various contents of unsaturated polyester resin binder (25, 30, 35 wt%) and the various replacement ratios of FRP wastes powder (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 wt%) substituted for filler. To evaluate the physical properties BMC specimens, various tests such as tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength, hot water resistance and SEM imaging were conducted. As a results, mechanical strengths decreased with an increase of replacement ratio of FRP waste powder and physical properties of BMC specimens were deteriorated in the hot water resistance. The fluidity of BMC with more than 50 wt% of the replacement ratio of FRP wastes powder decreased remarkably, causing a problem in the BMC composite.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.370-376
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• 1999

The red pepper seeds(RPS), an industrial waste produced from red pepper powder industry, were investigated for its possible use as natural hot taste seasoning. The RPS was extracted with water with addition of salt, sugar, phosphate and citric acid at 70-100$^{\circ}C$ Effects of preheat treatments of steaming at 100$^{\circ}C$ and roasting at 215$^{\circ}C$ and 330$^{\circ}C$ were also studied on the flavor of the RPS extracts. The results showed that steaming and roasting increased the solid yield and reduced the turbidity. The hot flavor of RPS extracts was generally decreased by steaming and roasting. Extraction of RPS at the temperature range of 70-100$^{\circ}C$ for 10-60 minutes showed that solid yield were relatively high of 27% at 80$^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes with the highest score of hot flavor. When the extraction was carried out with addition of NaCl, sucrose, Na$_2$HPO$_4$ and citric acid, the solid yield was little affected by their addition except a little increase by 0.5% NaCl and 0.2% Na$_2$HPO$_4$ and hot flavor was little affected.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.13-21
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• 2000

This study describes to analyze the heat transfer characteristics of waste solvent recovery system using a double pipe heat exchanger heating solvent by the hot oil. The solvent recovery system consists of the feeding pump, the double pipe heat exchanger, the vacuum spray chamber, and the condenser. A double pipe heat exchanger consists of the first section to conduct the heating of solvent to the thermal saturated point and the second section to evaporate the saturated solvent. The heat transfer area for vaporization of water, benzene and alkylbenzene was predicted by the heat balance modelling and experimentally measured from the temperature distribution as a function of solvent flow rate and heating temperature. The required heat transfer area for vaporization was increased with increasing solvent flow rates and with decreasing heating temperatures due to decreased quantity of transferred heat per the unit area. Theoretical modelling of the heat transfer area for solvents vaporization in the pipe showed good agreement with experimental results. Results showed to be suitable for the waste solvent recovery using a double pipe heat exchanger.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.215-222
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• 2019

This work is experimental study of 10 kW specialized Combined Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion. We propose a C-OTEC technology that directly uses exhaust thermal energy from power station condensers to heat the working fluid (R134a), and tests the feasibility of such power station by designing, manufacturing, installing, and operating a 10 kW-pilot facility. Power generation status was monitored by using exhaust thermal energy from an existing power plant located on the east coast of the Korean peninsula, heat exchange with 300 kW of heat capacity, and a turbine, which can exceed enthalpy efficiency of 45%. Output of 8.5 kW at efficiency of 3.5% was monitored when the condenser temperature and seawater temperature are $29^{\circ}C$ and $7.5^{\circ}C$, respectively. The evaluation of the impact of large-capacity C-OTEC technology on power station confirmed the increased value of the technology on existing power generating equipment by improving output value and reducing hot waste water. Through the research result, the technical possibility of C-OTEC has been confirmed, and it is being conducted at 200 kW-class to gain economic feasibility. Based on the results, authors present an empirical study result on the 200 kW C-OTEC design and review the impact on power plant.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.29-37
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• 2008

Polar amino groups of the waste SS(silk-sericin) were modified by two isocyanate compounds of MOI[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl isocyanate] and AOI [2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl isocyanate]. When the MOISS (MOI-modified silk sericin) or AOISS(AOI-modified silk sericin) was pressed hot, vinyl groups in the MOI or AOI were polymerized and then the flexible and transparent films were obtained. Tensile moduli and strengths of the MOISS films were significantly improved as the MOI contents increased. By the addition of the isocyanate compounds, silk sericin films exhibited lower solubility to the distilled water($80^{\circ}C$) and also lower swell ratio to the distilled water(room temperature). In the effect of tensile properties and restraining the water swelling, MOI was better than AOI. BOD(biochemical oxygen demand)/TOD(theoretical oxygen demand) of the pure sericin film was almost 100% perfect level after 10 days immersion into the activated sludge. With increasing isocyanate content reacted with polar amino groups, BOD/TOD decreased. When more than 50 mol% of polar amino groups remained unreacted, sericin films could retain more biodegradability. Comparing with MOI from the viewpoint of biodegradability, AOI was more effective.