• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2007년도 동계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.640-645
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• 2007

An experimental apparatus to show the hot spot cooling of an IC chip using a thermoelectric cooler is developed. The spot heating in very small area is achieved by the applying CO$_2$ laser source and temperatures are measured using miniature thermocouples. The active effects of thermoelectric cooler on the hot spot cooling system such as rapid heat spreading in the chip and lowering the peak temperature around the hot spot region are investigated. The experimental results are simulated numerically using the TAS program, which the performance characteristics such as Seebeck coefficient, electrical resistance and thermal conductivity of the thermoelectric cooler are searched by trial and error. Good agreements are obtained between numerical and experimental results if the appropriate performance data of the thermoelectric cooler are given.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.648-651
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• 2008

Numerical calculations are performed to simulate the film cooling effect of turbine blade tip with squealer rim. Because of high temperature of inside rim, squealer rim is damaged easily. Therefore many various cooling systems were used. The calculations are based on 100,000 Reynolds number in linear cascade model. A blade has 2% tip clearance and 8.4% rim height. The axial chord length and turning angle is 237mm, 126$^{\circ}$. Numerical calculations are performed without and with film cooling. In a film cooling in the cavity, hot spots of cavity were cooled effectively. However hot spots of suction side rim still remains. The CFD results show that the circulation flow in cavity of squealer tip affects the temperature rise of squealer rim. To maintain the blade integrity and avoid the excessive hot spot of blade, rearrangement of cooling hole is needed.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.446-452
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• 2009

최근 청정대체에너지로 각광을 받고 있는 dimethyl ether(DME)를 천연가스를 이용하여 직접 생산하는 1단계법의 고정층 촉매 반응기를 모사하였다. 1단계법의 고정층 반응기의 경우, 발열 반응인 메탄올 합성반응과 메탄올 탈수 반응이 동시에 일어나기 때문에 촉매의 비활성화를 일으킬 수 있는 hot spot의 발생을 막는 것이 가장 중요하다. 따라서 향후 상용공정에 적용 가능한 향류 냉각방식(count-current cooling system)과 포화액체 풀비등 방식(pool boiling system)을 적용하여 반응기 거동을 모사하고 이를 비교하였다. CO 전환율과 DME 생산성 면에서 향류 냉각방식이 더 효과적이었다. 하지만 포화비등액체 풀비등 방식이 더 작은 온도 범위에서 운전되어 hot spot(국소 고온점)의 가능성을 낮추고 더 안정적인 반응기 운전범위를 확보할 수 있었다.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제62권1호
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• pp.6-11
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• 2013

In this paper, the temperature characteristics of mold transformer for the distribution power system have been analyzed by using computational fluid dynamics(CFD). The model has been modeled by coil, cores, insulating materials and frames about 3MVA grade mold transformer and analyzed the temperature distribution of the structure with a heat fluid. The fluid, which is incompressible ideal gas, is analyzed as a turbulent flow phenomenon on the assumption that it is natural cooling of transformer cooling system. Through this study, by examining the temperature distribution and hot-spot of the structure field of the mold transformer, cooling design and temperature distribution information, which are demanded for designing are estimated.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.18-23
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• 2012

We propose and implement a single-wire communication protocol for thermal management systems using thin film thermoelectric modules for 3D IC cooling. The proposed single-wire communication protocol connects the temperature sensors, located near hot spots, to measure the local temperature of the chip. A unique ID number identifying the location of each hot spot is assigned to each temperature sensor. The prototype chip was fabricated by a $0.13{\mu}m$ CMOS MPW process, and the operation of the chip is verified.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2010년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.883-884
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• 2010

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.14-19
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• 2005

A transient numerical simulation was conducted to have variation of temperature on an element of resistive Superconducting Fault Current Limiter (SFCL) under quench condition. It is very important engineering information for an optimum design of cryogenic system for cooling of a resistive SFCL element. A bifilar coil for resistive SFCL for 10 MVA system was incorporated as a model in this numerical study. From the numerical simulation result, it was found that the averaged temperature on the shunt and Bi-2212 element at 500 kW, 100 ms was 711.1 K and 198.4 K respectively. The temperature variation with the change of the hot-spot size and time is also obtained. The maximum temperature was continuously increased in all cases until the hot-spot stops at 100ms and it was going down after then. Such as, the details of temperature distribution on the SFCL element obtained from this numerical study and it should be very valuable information on the decision of the cooling capacity of cryogenic system.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2011년도 제36회 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.457-462
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 에틸렌-공기 혼합물에서의 충격파에 의해 유도되는 화염폭발천이현상을 수치적 계산을 통하여 살펴본다. 연구에 사용된 모델은 점성력, 열전단, 몰질량 확산, 그리고 화학 반응을 고려한 Navier-Stokes 방정식으로 관 내부 유동을 해석하였다. 반복되는 압력파와 화염의 상호 작용에 의해 발생되는 화염의 불안정성에 의해 화염면이 증가하게 되는데 이를 통해 화학 반응률의 증가와 더불어 연소열의 상승하게 된다. 이러한 과정들이 반복되면서 발생할 수 있는 연소폭발천이 현상을 벽면 온도 조건의 변화(단열조건과 일정한 온도 조건)에 따라 어떻게 변화 되는지를 모델링하였다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.48-57
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• 2021

The main research content of this paper is to evaluate the structural integrity and the cooling performance of 4250 kVA power transformer with ONAN(Oil Natural and Air Natural) mode. The dynamic analysis is used to verify the structural safety of the transformer by seismic loading. The transformer structure is simplified and NX software is used to build a three-dimensional model, and ANSYS commercial software is used to calculate the stress and deformation by applying corresponding load. The analysis result was evaluated whether it satisfies the design requirements according to the IEEE Std 693 standard. In terms of thermal analysis to evaluate the cooling performance, the thermal physical model is used to calculate the heat exchange between the radiator and the tank in the steady state, and the result is input into the Fluent software to calculate the internal temperature field of the transformer tank, which reduces the calculation cost of thermal fluid. Comparing the simulated hot spot temperature and top oil temperature of the transformer with the calculation results of the IEC60076 classic model, it is found that the error is only 1.9%.

• 천문학회보
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.72.1-72.1
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• 2018

Recently, an analysis of 3-micron spectra of CH4 line emission from our Gemini/GNIRS observations of Jupiter's polar regions yielded an unexpected result: The homopause (~1 microbar pressure level) located directly above the long-lasting 8-micron CH4 north-polar hot spot (Great 8-micron Hot Spot: GHS) is cool compared with the temperatures of nearby auroral regions (Kim et al. 2017). Most of the 8-micron emission of the GHS originates from CH4 at the ~1 mbar level (i.e., deeper in the stratosphere, where cooling time is several years), much longer than at the altitude of the homopause. We propose a mechanism to explain the temperature difference: locally-fixed and transient, but energetic auroral particles, which can penetrate to the 1 mbar level and deposit energy there creating and maintaining the GHS. For Saturn, thus far we have not detected distinctive 8-micron nor 3-micron CH4 hot spots in the polar regions. We will present a possible implication for this difference between Jupiter and Saturn.