• 의학교육논단
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.5-18
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• 2024

The author recommends the creation of a nationwide career guidance program at the national level through the establishment of a long-term cohort, involving collaboration among medical schools nationwide. This cohort would be constructed for the purpose of analyzing correlations from admission to medical school to post-graduate education, facilitating the development of a career guidance program. This will aid in career development through students' self-analysis and competency building. Each medical school should operate a systematic career guidance program. Career guidance for post-graduate major selection should be included in the regular curriculum. Schools are advised to operate student counseling rooms for various career guidance services. For example, medical schools can operate 1:1 career counseling, academic counseling, career guidance surveys, psychological tests, and counseling. It is advisable to establish a mentor-professor system, connect mentor professors, and build a network of experts related to majors to provide immediate support according to students' needs. Professional mentor training should be provided to mentor professors. To provide opportunities for students to experience their career paths in advance, early clinical exposure, long-term integrated clinical practice, community-based clinical practice, participation in student research programs, career fairs, and student internship programs are recommended. In South Korea, it is necessary to systematically operate the internship system and make improvements to facilitate optical career choices. Additionally, considering the significant influence of social factors on students' career choices in South Korea, efforts should be made to identify and address the issues related to these social factors.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.107-120
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• 1974

Necessity and purpose of this study: In a large number of countries it has been founded that children′s domestic accidents are at great risk year by year In the United States, they publish detailed accident statistics at regular intervals. In Korea. there have been just a few studies on Accidents-At-Home of preschool children. But it can not be said that there have been any systematic statistics about this area. and any study accounting for the relations of home accidents and preschool: children in detail, Therefore, the purpose of this thesis was focused on the inquire of these relations so as to make a little contribution to Korean preschool children′s health and security measures. So, the detail-purposes are to study following questions and to testify following hypothesis. Prob. 1. What the types of accidents of Preschool children, where the place accidents occurred\ulcorner Prob. 2. What the cause of accidents and, the main factors of the cause\ulcorner Prob. 3. How about the number of their children. the disparity of age among their children and mother′s age in each case of accidents\ulcorner hypothesis 1. There will be differences in the density of protection of parents according to the number of their children. hypothesis 2, There will be differences in accident-types and first-aid methods according to parents socio-economic background. Method; This study employed the interviewing survey method, in which 130 preschool children ware random.sampled, who visit hospital to have medical care. These children (from 1 to 6 years olds) were selected at the emergency room of five hospitals in Seoul (Hosp: Severance, Woosok, Medical Center, Hanyang Medical College Hospital and Seoul Medical Col1age Hospital during study-period (from Aug. to Oct, 1973). Four head nurses in above Hospitals were employed as accident members for this study. Concerning research analysis, the method of hypothesis verifying is used. Conclusion: As two American experts on this subject. Dr, Raymond Neuter and Mr. Ross Mc Garland have drawn attention to "minor epidemics of accidents" that could be avoided by fairly simple measures. preschool children′s accidents could be avoided by parents fair attentions. In other words, one of the most common causes of preschool children′s accidents derived from their parent′s inattention. Therefore, one important task on this subject is to instruct the parents fairly about the children′s accidents. Many accidents could be avoided by the exorcist of a little self-discipline. Also, as much the prevention of accidents is important, as the first-aid Is Important and necessary at the case of the accidents. So, the methods of proper first-aid treatment must be emphasized, and must be taught in school, especially in girls school. And there could be other means available for prevention of accidents. Firstly, the public authorities can take legal measures. More stringent safety standards can be made enforceable by law. Building materials and equipment for domestic us: ought to meat minimum safety criteria at all times. Next the public itself has to understand the seriousness of the problem, and here the dissemination of information is of great importance. All mass media should be brought into play to promote greater public awareness of the question. At last, it will be needed to obtain more detailed epidemiological data through additional surveys and statistics after this study.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 1996

한 종합병원의 작업환경에 존재하는 건강저해인자를 평가함으로써 종사원들의 건강보호와 작업능률 향상에 기여하고자 조사연구를 실시하였다. 병원건물의 구조와 업무내용으로 보아 작업환경의 대표가 될 것으로 보이는 27개 부서를 선정하여 1993년 10월부터 1994년 10월까지 작업환경에 대한 종사원의 설문과 현장조사 및 측정을 실시하였다. 설문을 통하여 종사원들이 느끼는 건강저해인자에의 노출상태를 양호(A), 보통(B), 미흡(C), 불량(C)로 분류하고, 현장조사와 측정에 의한 각 인자의 노출상태를 양호(a), 보통(b), 미흡(c),불량(d)으로 분류하여 노출되고 있는 종사원의 분포를 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 작업환경 측정결과 조도는 전체대상자 240명의 근로자 중 c등급 이하의 전반조도에 노출된 종사원은 86명(36%), c등급 이하의 국소조도에 노출된 종사자는 193명(80%)이었고, 온열조건에 관한 측정결과 c등급 이하의 환경에의 노출자가 34명(14%), c등급 이하의 소음환경에 180명(75%)이 노출되고 있었다. 공기 중의 먼지량과 톨루엔의 측정결과 c등급 이하의 환경에 노출된 사람은 없었으며, 외부의 자료와 노출상태를 조사한 결과 방사선과 항암제/항생제에 의한 c등급 이하의 환경에의 노출자도 없는 것으로 평가되었다. 2. 건강저해인자에 대하여 종사원이 느끼는 노출 정도(A, B, C, D등급)와 현장조사와 측정으로 확인된 노출 정도(a, b, c, d 등급)는 차이가 많아서, 특히 조도에서는 종사원이 저해환경을 과소평가하고, 공기 중 먼지에서는 과대평가가 심했으며, 온열조건, 소음, 방사선, 톨루엔, 항암제, 항생제에의 노출은 조사된 결과보다 나쁘게 느끼는 경향이 있었다. 3.설문에서 호소하는 소음의 증류로는 사람 말소리가 179명, 실내장비소리가 131명의 순이었으며, 실내공기 중 먼지의 종류로는 사람들의 옷먼지 108명, 건물먼지 79명의 순으로 많았다. 4. 설문에서 C등급 이하의 마취제에의 노출자가 28명, 알칼리/산에의 노출자가 10명, 약진에의 노출자가 6명이었으나 이들에 대한 측정이 불가능하여 평가할 수 없었다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.68-79
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• 2008

중소도시도 수도권과 대도시의 주택정책을 답습할 것이 아니라 지역의 현황과 특성을 반영한 주택정책을 통하여 건전한 주택시장을 조성해야한다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 진주시를 사례로 공동주택의 공간적 분포와 속성상의 특징을 분석하고, 공동주택 가격결정 요인을 추적하여 진주시의 주택정책에 유의한 함의를 도출하고자 하였다. 분석 데이터는 20세대 이상의 공동주택을 대상으로 위치와 속성자료를 지리정보시스템으로 구축하였다. 공동주택의 공급시기와 분포를 분석해보면 경과연수가 오래되고 세대수가 적은 아파트들은 70년대에 시행된 구획정리사업지구에 주로 건설되었고, 반대로 경과연수가 짧고 세대수가 많은 아파트는 서쪽과 남쪽에 최근의 택지개발사업이 시행된 지역에 건축된 특징이 있었다. 아파트 가격결정요인 분석에서는 다중공선성을 없애기 위해 변수를 인자분석으로 사전에 축소 처리하였으며, 공동주택가격을 종속변수로 하고 33개의 독립변수로 구성되는 헤도닉가격모형을 12가지로 구축하였다. 이 모형들에서 경과연수, 연면적, 대로접함여부, 대학 및 병원접근성, 계단식 등이 유의한 변수로 분석되었다. 이상의 결과를 이용하여 지역의 특성을 반영한 도시기반시설의 입지와 주택공급을 시행한다면 급격한 공동주택의 가격변동과 지역적 가격 차이에서 오는 지역적 위화감을 완화하는 데에 도움이 될 것이다. 결론적으로 시장규모가 작은 중소도시의 경우에도 지역현실을 반영한 주택정책을 수립하여 지역의 주택시장 안정화 방안을 모색해야하며, 보다 나은 분석을 위해 향후 중소도시에도 단독주택을 포함한 정밀한 토지정보를 구축해야 한다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.5284-5291
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• 2012

본 이 연구는 간호현장의 간호요구를 반영한 웹기반의 '인공호흡관리' 교육프로그램을 개발하여 간호업무에 도움을 주기 위한 것이다. 교육프로그램은 ISD 모델 구축과정인 분석, 설계, 개발, 운영, 평가의 방법으로 개발되었다. 교육프로그램 개발은 2011년 4월부터 7월까지이며, 자료분석은 SPSS 18.0을 이용하였다. 분석단계에서 문헌고찰과 요구도분석, 내용분석, 학습자분석, 기술 및 환경분석 등이 실시되었다. 이 과정에서 인공호흡실무에 대한 교육요구가 높았고 대상자의 다수는 30세 이하로 3년 미만의 중환자실 경력을 보이는 것으로 조사되었다. 설계단계에서는 내용전문가 집단이 제공한 콘텐츠 교육내용을 프로그램 전문가와의 협의를 통해 정보설계, 상호작용설계, 동기설계가 시행되었다. 또한, 학습자가 학습해야 할 학습단원의 정보를 구분하여 구성하고, 각 주제 단원마다 그래픽, 음성, 동영상을 삽입하여 교육의 효과를 증진할 수 있도록 구성하였다. 그리고, 교수자와 학습자간 상호작용을 돕기 위한 다양한 방법을 포함하여 설계하였다. 개발단계에서는 이야기 전개도를 작성하고 관련문헌과 자료 검토를 통해 자료를 수집하여 통합 제작하였다. 운영 및 평가단계에서는 개발된 '인공호흡관리' 교육프로그램을 실행하고, 전문가와 대상자로부터 교육프로그램을 평가한 후 평가결과를 바탕으로 내용을 수정 보완하였다. 본 웹기반 '인공호흡관리' 교육프로그램은 프로그램 구축단계에서 간호실무의 다양한 요구를 반영하여 개발되어 간호업무 향상에 기여할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.334-348
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• 2017

Objectives: We investigated the impacts of indoor plants on indoor air quality and occupational health, focusing on allergic rhinconjunctivitis and stress among employees in new office buildings. Methods: A total of 34 employees working at new public office buildings were enrolled as subjects (n=17, with indoor plants) and as a control (n=17) group. Before and after introducing indoor plants for three months, indoor air quality measurements including VOCs and aldehydes and questionnaires on sick building syndrome, AR symptoms (ARIA based), stress (DASS 42, KOSS, and SACL), and indoor characteristics were performed and statistically analysed. Results: Among the 34 enrolled subjects, 19 were included in the probable AR subject group (subjects with indoor plants, n=8, control n=11) and completed all questionnaires. Statistical analyses were done for total, AR subject groups, and controls. As a result, it was confirmed that major indoor air pollutants decreased after the introduction of indoor plants (p<0.5). Among major symptoms of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, watery rhinorrhea, nasal stuffiness, and nasal itching indexes decreased (p<0.5, respectively). A decrease was noted in some areas of work-related stress indexes (mainly KOSS) among the subject group (total and AR) and a decrease of indoor environmental attractiveness among the control group (total and AR) (p<0.5, for all). Conclusions: Indoor plants may help reduce indoor air pollutants and decrease AR symptoms and work-related stress of employees in newly built office buildings. Various further follow-up studies on the mechanism of environmental, physical, and emotional influences and utilization of indoor plants in association with allergic diseases will be needed.

• 대한한의진단학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.175-190
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• 2011

Objectives: Even though there has been no consensus on the concept of viscera organ between the oriental and western medicine, we tried to investigate the correlation between clinical biomarkers of five Jang and chronological age and develop the models for predicting five Jang biological ages by statistical analysis. Methods: We obtained data from about 120,000 subjects who visited health promotion centers for health promotion and disease prevention from January 2004 to June 2009. Participants were included if they were over 20 years old, and excluded if reported to have cardiovascular disease or other serious medical illness such as cancer, malignant hypertension, uncontrolled diabetes, cardiopulmonary insufficiency, liver disease, pancreatic disease or renal disease. Among the clinical biomarkers obtained, we selected the biomarkers which were associated with the function of 5 Jang in previous studies, or showed statistically significant correlation with age. Multiple regression models were used for building prediction models of biological age after adjusting for potential confounders for men and women, respectively. Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated to examine the linear relationship between age and various biomarkers, and multiple regression analysis was used for building the prediction models of five Jang biological ages for men and women, respectively. All statistical data analysis was performed by using SPSS Version 12.0 software and statistical significance was obtained if p<0.05. Results: For males, the best models were developed using 12, 2, 8, 3, and 4 biomarkers for predicting biological ages of heart, lung, liver, pancreas, and kidney, respectively (R2 = 0.57, 0.43, 0.11, 0.24, and 0.93, respectively). Similar to males, for the females, 10, 2, 8, 3, and 4 biomarkers were selected as the models respectively (R2 = 0.76, 0.44, 0.14, 0.38, and 0.89, respectively). Conclusions: As we have developed for the first time the models for predicting five Jang biological ages with common clinical biomarkers, it is expected that these models may be used as clinical supplementary tools in the evaluation of aging status and functional decline of five Jang according to age in health promotion centers and private clinics. At the same time, it is considered that the use as objective tools to evaluate aging status and functional decline of each Jang.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2012

수소가스의 제트 누출에 의한 확산, 화재, 그리고 폭발에 의한 위험 범위를 분석하고, 안전거리 기준을 설정하기 위한 위험거리를 확산, 화재, 그리고 폭발에 대한 단순한 예측 식들을 제시하였다. 핀홀에 의한 누출과 같은 소량 수소가스 누출속도에 있어서 피해거리는 제트누출 확산에 의한 피해거리가 제트화재에 의한 피해거리보다 크며, 압력의 제곱근에 그리고 누출 홀의 직경에 비례하고 이는 수 십 미터에 이른다. 배관의 완전 파손 또는 저장 탱크의 큰 홀 발생과 같은 대량의 수소가스 누출속도에서는 제트화재의 피해거리가 개방공간의 가스운 폭발에 의한 피해거리보다 크며, 수 백 미터에 이른다. 수소충전소와 건물과의 최소이격거리 즉 안전거리 설정 기준을 대량 수소가스누출 사고시나리오를 기반으로 한다면, 도심지에 수소충전소는 안전거리 기준을 만족시키기 어려울 것이다. 따라서 대량의 수소가스 누출사고를 안전장치들을 통하여 예방하고, 안전거리 기준을 소량의 수소가스누출사고 기준으로 설정 할 수 있다. 그러나 대량누출 가능성이 있는 경우 학교와 병원 등 인구밀집 건물은 수 백 미터의 안전거리를 유지하여야 한다.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.231-235
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• 2011

라돈($^{222}Rn$)은 지각의 암석이나 토양 또는 건축자재 중에 들어 있는 우라늄($^{238}U$)과 토륨($^{232}Th$)이 몇 단계의 방사성붕괴과정을 거친 후 생성되는 무색무취의 불활성기체로 광산이나 지하같이 밀폐된 공간에 잘 축적된다. 호흡기를 통하여 폐로 유입되고 라돈의 딸핵종이 폐나 기관지에 침적되어 폐암을 일으키는 원인이 된다. 사람의 생명을 다루는 의료기관에서의 라돈피폭은 평상시 방사선피폭량이 많은 방사선관계종사자와 면역력이 약한 환자에게 큰 위험이 될 수 있다는 판단에 이 실험을 실시하였다. 실험에 쓰인 계측기는 실시간 라돈측정기인 Professional Continuous Radon monitor이며 계측장소는 두 개의 병원 지하1층에서 지상2층까지 층별로 오전 10시부터 오후 3시까지 측정 하였다. Professional Continuous Radon monitor계측결과는 최소 14.8 Bq/$m^3$에서 최대 70.3 Bq/$m^3$로 국내기준치인 148 Bq/$m^3$이하로 나타났으며 유효선량은 최소 0.296 mSv에서 최대 1.406 mSv로 일년간 자연방사선으로부터 피폭되는 방사선량인 2.4 mSv의 10~58.3% 수준으로 나타났다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.84-97
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• 2000

The Necessity and Purpose of the Study Recently the number of patients with chronic diseases and the aged patients is increasing steadily. Furthermore, due to the expansion of health insurance system, the number of patients hospitalized in the general hospital is increasing at a surprising speed. However, hospitals urge the early discharge of the patients for the efficiencies of hospital administration, and therefore, the number of patients who must be taken care of in their home is also increasing. Homecare nursing is one of the health care service for the patients at home who require continual attention and care, and now increasing attentions are given to it as one of the professional nursing fields. However, it was almost impossible to find a study on the actual experiences of the homecare nurses written by their own language in Korea, that it also posed a great difficulty in understanding their diverse experience. Considering these situation, this study will help understanding of them, and provide the fundamental data on their experiences for making policies to develop homecare nursing. Methods of Research Phenomenological research method was employed to analyze the lived experiences of homecare nurses fundamentally. Data collection Data were collected from August 1998 to December 1998 from ten homecare nurses who worked for patients under the homecare nursing setting as model cases designated by Seoul Nurses Association and who agreed to the purpose of this study after listening to and understanding the explanation completely. The in-depth interview was carried at the time which was convenient both for the researcher and participants for one or two hours, and recovered with the approval participants. The first interview covered diverse and broad areas like the situation of homecare nursing, and their feelings and thoughts over it, and in the second and third interviews, more specific questions are asked. Data Analysis For the phenomenological analysis, contents analysis was employed. The data collected from the participants were analyzed into the following procedures according to Van Manen 's phenomenological analysis. 1) Reserve the preconception of the researcher by restricting it inside parenthesis. 2) Make a thorough observation of the lived experiences by insight process. 3) Analyze the contents (Find out the repetitive factors) 4) Interpret the essence found. 5) State the meaning of the interpretation. Results and discussion 1. Fear and expectation for the first visit. (unfamiliarity, awkwardness, anxiety, shivering) 2. Mingle with the family (feeling friendly with the family, becoming like a family member) 3. Being proud of her own know-how (learning the know-how, organizing alternatives, building up confidence) 4. Pity for the poor. (criticizing the current government, feeling ashamed, feeling anger) 5. Difficulty of constructing cooperative system with physicians (strenuousness, frustration) 6. Helplessness due to the lack of support system (difficulty to get supplies, annoyance, embarrassment by institutional restraints) 7. Anxiousness for heavy traffic and parking (annoyance, hastiness) 8. Ethical conflicts (pity for the patients and family, skepticism about lengthening life maintenance) 9. Burden for the possible accident (pressure, anxiety, conflict, physical exhaustion) 10. Establishment of identity as a professional (fulfillment, worth, joy) 11. Being distressed at other's ignorance