• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.197-206
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• 1979

The most common abnormal relationship between the great arteries and ventricle is transposition of great arteries, among which complete D-transposition is a common and lethal malformation. Without appropriate treatment, the infant born with transposition of the great arteries rarely survives the first year of life. In contrast to the grim hopelessness of only a few years ago, modern aggressive palliative and corrective surgical interventions can provide such infants with considerable hope for adolescent and adult life. Up until this time, intraatrial baffle technique for re-direction of venous return, which was proposed by Mustard originally, has been successfully applied to infants and children in many foreign clinics with decreasing trend of the operative risk. In this report, we present one case of a 4 year-old girl having complete D-transposition of the great arteries with atrial septal defect, and reviewed the relevant literatures.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.127-134
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• 2003

This is a case report of a patient with mixed anxiety and depressive disorder treated by Punsimgieum. The symptoms of the patient were anxiety(agitation), numbness(paresthesia), nausea, dyspepsia, insomnia and hopelessness. In this case, we administrated Punsimgieum to a patient suffering from anxiety and depressive disorder symptoms. After administration of Punsimgieum medication clinical symptoms improved Punsimgieum showed desirable effect on anxiety and depressive disorder symptoms.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.668-677
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• 1996

This study is a phenomenological study done to promote understanding of the dying process in patients with terminal cancer who were in an independent hospice center. The purpose of study was to explore and understand indepth information on the dying process in order to provide data for holistic hospice care in nursing and to give insights in to practical applications in the nursing care In-depth interviewing was done from may, through November, 1995 with 11 patient with cancer who were being cared for at K Hospice Care Center. Experiences in the dying process were discussed as they expressed feelings about death including (a) feeling of isolation because family members try to hide the diagnosis of cancer. (b) hopelessness, (c) guilt, anger, and hostility, (d) suffering from pain, (e) fear of death. However, subjects did not deny death itself and were developing peace of mind and acceptance of death through religion.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.45
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• pp.374-399
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• 2001

Experiences of the subjective burden and its determinants were analyzed in a sample of 110 primary family caregivers of adult schizophrenic patients. The subjects reported varying amount of subjective burden and its mean score was 17.84 that meant considerably high level of subjective burden. Reports of subjective burden were high in the items of 'pity', 'frustration and resentment', 'regret'. The result of factor analysis revealed that subjective burden consisted of four factors such as 'hopelessness', 'frustration and resentment', 'fear', and 'pity and anxiety'. The results about the determining variables of subjective burden indicated that the prognosis of patient, perceived stigma, the number of previous hospitalization, the availability of secondary caregiver, primary caregiver's age, and family income were predictive of primary caregivers' subjective burden. The result examining the multivariate relationship among subjective burden, stressors, social support, family demographic and socioeconomic characteristics revealed that the more important determinants of subjective burden were the prognosis of patient, perceived stigma, and the number of previous hospitalization, Implications for intervention to help with primary caregivers' subjective burden were discussed.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.58-67
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was done to explore the meaning of joys and sorrows in mothers of children with Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS). Methods: The participants were 9 mothers who each had a child with MPS. Data were gathered using in-depth interviews. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi method. Results: The significant results from analyzing the interviews can be grouped into 12 concept descriptions, and 5 theme clusters. The essential theme clusters for the experience of the mothers were 'hopelessness about this rare disease', 'guilt because of the disease being hereditary, 'endless courses of treatment', 'wounds in the relationship', and 'relative composure of mind'. Conclusion: The finding of this study offer profound information on joys and sorrows experienced by mothers of children with MPS and provide basic data for developing nursing intervention strategies for the mothers of children with rare diseases.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.72-84
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to provide a reference for the development of forest therapy programs for subfertile women. This exploratory study identifies the emotional characteristics of subfertile women and the demands for forest therapy according to the emotional characteristics and provides basic data for the development and operation of forest therapy programs. This study surveyed 200 subfertile women who visited a subfertility hospital in Seoul on 33 items of subfertile women's emotional characteristics and requirements of forest therapy programs. We conducted the frequency analysis, cross-analysis, and one-way ANOVA to determine the correlation and importance between the emotional characteristics of subfertile women and the demands for forest therapy programs using the SPSS 21.0 program. Emotional traits of subfertile women included pressure on pregnancy, anxiety/fear, depression, hopelessness, helplessness, loneliness, sadness, shame/guilt, impatience/frustration, and anger/hypersensitivity. Of these traits, pressure on pregnancy, depression, hopelessness, helplessness, loneliness, sadness, anger/hypersensitivity, and anxiety/fear were particularly high among subfertile women. The demands for forest therapy programs also differed according to the emotional characteristics of subfertile women. There was a significant difference in the operation mode of the subfertile couple's forest therapy program according to the pressure, shame, and guilt of pregnancy. There was a significant difference in the experience of participating in a program according to anxiety and fear and in the reason for not being able to participate in the forest therapy program according to depression, hopelessness, helplessness, loneliness, and sadness. There was a significant difference in couples participating the in the forest therapy program according to impatience and frustration. There was a significant difference in the experience of participating in the forest therapy program and the effect of self-help groups through the forest therapy program for subfertile women according to anger and hypersensitivity. We expect that the results of this study would be useful as the reference data for developing forest therapy programs for the improvement of the mental health of subfertile women.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.367-376
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• 2015

This study is executed to investigate convergent factors related to depression among some college women of health affiliated educations. It surveyed 419 college women in Honam area during the period from March 9th to April 30th, 2015. The structured self-administered questionary was delivered and they were collected without respondents' personal information. The results of multiple regression analysis show the followings. The depression level of respondents turned out to be significantly higher in following groups: a group that experienced school bullying or violence, a group in which sleeping time is improper, a group in which subjective health status is bad, a group in which subjective happiness is lower, a group in which type A behavior pattern is higher, a group in which job seeking stress is higher, a group in which self esteem is lower, a group in which hopelessness is higher. Their explanatory power was 42.8%. The results indicate that the efforts to prevent bullying and violence experience, to get the proper amount of sleep, to be healthy, to increase subjective happiness and self esteem, to decrease type A behavior pattern, job seeking stress and hopelessness, are required to reduce the depression level of the college women of health affiliated educations.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.366-376
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• 2013

This study aimed to compare Psycho-social Well-being depending on level of internet addiction and investigate the factors inducing internet addiction among 749 college students. The Internet Addiction Diagnosis Criterion Inventory was used to classify participants into two groups, Internet overuse and Internet normal use. The psychosocial well-being of each group was measured by hopelessness, idea of suicide, suicide attempt, stress, social isolation, and mental health. Data were analyzed using the t-test and $x^2$-test to compare general characteristics, level of internet addiction and psycho-social well-being between two groups(the overuse and normal use group). Moreover, logistic regression analysis was used to examine the factors inducing internet addiction. The results placed 82 people (10.9%) in the internet overuse group and 667 people(89.1%) in the internet normal use group. The internet overuse group showed higher level of hopelessness, idea of suicide, suicide attempt, stress, social isolation, and mental health scores than the internet normal use group. Therefore, people in the internet overuse group were more likely to have worse Psycho-social well-being. The results of this study recommend that the Internet overuse should be screened early because it can be useful in developing addiction prevention programs and then finally improving the psycho-social well-being.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.79-87
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• 1990

Using Zung's self-rating depression scale, the authors studied depression in 310 elderlies residing in the 9 home for the aged (HFA) in Kyungbuk area, and 234 elderlies living in Taegu city and 107 elderlies attending a Life-long education program in Taegu, which serve as a control group, Community resident elderlies(CRE). The research had been administered during the period from June to August, 1986. The results were as follows : 1. The mean scores of male. female. and the total of the elderlies in HFA were $38.95{\pm}11.55$, $44.18{\pm}14.15$:: and $42.8{\pm}13.7$ respectively while CRE marked $40.8{\pm}11.3$ for male, $45.2{\pm}12.0$ for female, and $43.4{\pm}11.9$ for the total. Therefore there were significant differences between male and female in both groups(p<0.01, p<0.001), though no significant difference between the two groups. However, the depression score of elderlies in HFA might be much higher than that of CRE if 81 elderlies(14.2%) in HFA who had been left out of the statistical evaluation due to their having severe depression, organic brain syndrom, or pseudoementia, etc had been included. 2. The score distribution by items for the elderlies in HFA were from highest scores hopelessness, worthlessness, emptiness, decreased appetite, confusion, while for CRE, hopelessness, decreased appetite, psychomotor retardation, indecisiveness, and worthlessness. Elderlies in HFA showed significantly high scores in depressed mood, weight loss, suicidal rumination(ideation) and psychomotor excitement, while CRE showed significantly high scores in decreased appetite, psychomotor retardation, indecisiveness, and dissatisfaction. 3. Elderlies who scored over 50 numbered 10 males(16%), 57 females(34%), and total of 67(29%) in HFA and 28 males(21%), 77 females(37%), and total of 105(31%) in CRE : female showed higher seores in both groups. 4. Psychosocial factors such as getting older(respectively p<0.01, p<0.01), being Buddhist(respectively p<0.01, p<0.01), and monthly pocket money less than \30,000(respectively p<0.001, p<0.001) were found to have a noticable impact on the depression level of the elderlies in both groups. Factors such as illiteracy (p<0.001, monthly pocket money less than \10,000(p<0.05), and having no family(p<0.01) recorded significantly higher scores among CRE than the elderlies in HFA.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.163-169
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• 1996

The authors examined for risk factors for suicide among psychiatric patients who had committed suicide through the analysis of demographic, clinical and psychological characteristics of the patients. The total number of suicides committed during social adjustment period was 9. Male and female ratio was 5:4 and the highest incidence occurred in the age group of 21-29 years. Of the 9 cases, schizophrenia accounted for two-third of the suicides. Among the committed suicides, 4 were in hospitalization and rest were postdischarge state. We found that 4 of 5(80%) suicides occurred in the first year after discharge, and that three fifth(60%) occurred within three months of discharge. In this result, most of suicides occurred immediately or soon after discharge and some during inpatient care. The major precipitating factors the patients showed before committing suicide were realistic and psychological problems. Consquently, they become dejected, experience feelings of hopelessness, go on to a depressed mood, and, in that case, have suicidal ideas that are eventually acted on. We believe that the ability to recognize risk factors for suicide and develop appropriate interventions is key to suicide prevention.