• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.11
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• pp.115-124
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• 1999

The relations of parental differential treatment perceived by children to their self-esteem were examined. The subjects were 299 fifth-and sixth-grade elementary school children (162 boys and 137 girls) in Seoul. The data were collected using two kinds of questionnaires on maternal and paternal differential treatment and a child’s self-esteem. The major findings are as follows: Firstborns received more differential maternal affection than secondborns, and both boys and firstborns received more differential maternal control than girls and secondborns. Differential paternal control varied as a function of a child’s sex and birth order, in which boys and firstborns received more differential paternal control than girls and secondborns, but differential paternal affection did not vary. Maternal differential treatments were related to self-esteem only in girls, indicating that the more differential maternal affection they perceived, the higher self-esteem they had, and the more differential maternal control they perceived, the lower self-esteem they had. Paternal differential treatments were not related to self-esteem both for boys and girls. The study emphasizes the crucial role of mothers on their daughters.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.348-356
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• 2005

Water quality sampling surveys and continuous measurement of flow were conducted to identify wastewater flow characteristics for representative catchment of O and M treatment basins in A city. For HS-1 station representing commercial area, wastewater flow rises in the beginning of office-working hours, moves up and down within narrow range, and lasts till office-leaving hour, and falls gradually reflecting worker's returning home. However, in HS-2 station representing residential area, wastewater flow has two peaks, which are before office-going hour and after office-leaving hour. In residential area, the flow rate of weekends is higher than that of weekdays because it reflects population, being not contributed to generate wastewater during the working hours of weekdays, stay home and produce wastewater for weekends period. To determine the priority for rehabilitation of sewer system, infiltration rate was computed by dividing infiltration flow by mean diameter and total length of sewer, and HS-1 station ranked the first.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.108-116
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to determine the level of recognition of home care services and to provide basic data for implementation of home care services. Data collection was carried out between December 2004 and January 2005 by surveying 88 nurses and 40 physicians working at a general hospital and 28 physicians working at different clinics in the Seoul metropolitan city area. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Home care services were recognized by $94.2\%$ of nurses, $77.5\%$ of physicians and $92.9\%$ of clinic physicians. The main sources of information for most of them were medical and nursing journals. 2. The percentages of staff regarding find home care services as necessary for the institutions were $88.6\%$ of nurses, $74.4\%$ of physicians and $57.1\%$ of clinic physicians. All of them anticipated that home care services would maintain 'continuous care' and 'long-term patient care'. 3. The percentages of staff willing to refer their patients to home care were $95.5\%$ of nurses, $100\%$ of physicians and $87.1\%$of clinic physicians. However, only $7.1\%$ of clinic physicians were willing to refer actively. 4. Most nurses and physicians replied that a majority of test-related services is suitable for home care services. However, among medication-related services, intravenous injections were not suitable for home care services. Among treatment-related services, most nurses and physicians replied that Levin tube feeding, oral and nasal suction, simple dressing, perineal care, and enema were suitable for home care services, but incision and drainage, and tracheostomy tube change were not suitable for home care services. In conclusion, for the implementation of hospital-based home care services, it is necessary to educate nurses and physicians on the present condition and precedent at other hospitals.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.673-683
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was aimed to evaluate the performance of a community-based home care services model. Method: The subjects were 138 patients who have been enrolled during a 6 month's period, nursing records and nursing service bills. The data was collected by self report and chart review. The mean cost per visit was compared with those of hospitalization & clinic visit in the data from National Health Insurance Corporation. Result: A significant number of patients were bed ridden(63.8%) and unconscious (27.5%), and most of the patients had complex chronic diseases. Except nursing assessment, bed sore care was the most frequent nursing treatment(25.1%) in home care services. The mean cost per visit of home care services was 34,665 won, which was lower than those of hospitalization & clinic visit for medical aid. The patients were highly satisfied with the services by visiting nurse specialists. Conclusion: Community-based home care services provided cost-effective and satisfied services. Community-based home care services needs systematic supports to expand it's domain for promoting community health.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.169-180
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• 1995

To determine the effects of guar suksolgi on blood glucose and lipids in type-ll diabetic subjects, a piece of guar suksolgi(36.3g, 54Kcal) was administered to eight patients for 3 weeks every meal. No significant differences occured indietary intakes and body weight before and after the treatment. Fasting blood glucose levels were decreased from 132.38mg/dI to 114.75mg/dI after the treatment, but not statistically significant. Blood TG levels were increased from 159.13mg/dI to 175.00mg/dI after the treatment, but not statistically significant. Excluding one patient who had extremely high TG level, blood TG levels tended to be decreased from 148.00mg/dI to 121.00mg/dI. TC LDL-c, HDL-c levels were decreased after the treatment, but not statistically significant. HbAIC concentrations were decreased from 8.54mg/kI to 7.80mg/dI after the treatment, but not statistically significant. In the case of three patients who had had normal fasting blood glucose levels, blood glucose levels tended to be decreased at postprandial 30, 60 minutes, and blood insulin levels tended to be decreased at postprandial 30, 60, 90, 120 minutes, although none of the levels were statistically significant. Therefore, if guar suksolgi is adinistered to type-ll diabetic subjects being more hyperglycemic than our patients, their blood glucose and lipids will be decreased significantly.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.609-619
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• 1996

Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) has been used as a mainstream fiber to make silklike fiber. The silky characteristics such as softness, dry touch feeling and flexibility can be obtained by weight reduction treatment. In aqueous alkali solution, the surface of PET is dissolved away and reduced in weight. The PET fiber, yarn and fabric become thinner and the gaps between fibers are wider. Its mobility is greatly improved without change of basic structures of the treated PET fibrics. The alkali treatment was conducted under the various experimental conditions such as alkali (NaOH) concentration, treatment time and temperature. As the weight loss increased, drapability improved and tensile strength remarkably reduced. When the PET fabrics lost 30% in their weight, drape coefficient lowered as much as 30oA and tensile stregth lowered as much as 50%. The weight loss over 30% brings great improvement in drapability and dyeability and significant decline in durability. By the alkali treatment, absorbency in spectrophotometer of dyed PET can be increased as much as 82% due to the increase of the surface area and formation of microvoids on the surface.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.1045-1054
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• 2000

As cost pressures have escalated, policy makers, politicians, health care providers and families have tried to devise ways to reduce health care costs. While originally developed to enhance patient control and to provide better care at the end of life, hospice care has recently received significant attention as a mean of reducing health care costs. As a program providing care for patients who are dying at their homes, hospice has expanded slowly since the opening of the first hospice in Korea in 1963. Therefore, a variety of services that responds to the needs and concerns of many dying people and their families is limited The purpose of this study was to determine the potential cost savings at the end of life among patients who used home hospice compared with the patients who received institutional care in Korea. This study used a retrospective, descriptive design. The sample for this study included 46 patients who died of lung cancer: 25 patients who received home hospice care and 21 patients who received institutional care. Data on patient characteristics, kinds and frequencies of provided treatment and nursing services, and hospice and hospital charges during the last month before death were collected. Cost of care was measured by the average cost per patient per day in the last month of life. The results of the study indicated that there were significant differences in average cost of care between home hospice sample and institutional care sample (t=9.956, p<.001; home hospice sample: M=18,102 won, institutional care sample: M=317,578 won). The cost of the home hospice sample was approximately 6% of the cost of institutional care. The majority of the home hospice nursing services were education (35.7%) and supportive counseling (25.2%), followed by medication management (13.6%), assessment (12.1%), basic nursing (7.2%), treatment (5.5%) and others. In institutional care sample, basic nursing and treatment were more emphasized than education or supportive counseling among the nursing services provided. The results of this study showed the potential for hospice to reduce costs and implications for policymakers and clinicians to incorporate hospice program into the formal health care delivery system in Korea.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.62-73
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• 2013

Pediatric home-based physical therapy (PHBPT) provides professional rehabilitation programs at the patient's home, where the activities of daily life are actually performed. PHBPT also allows to avoid the difficulties of transporting children with disabilities to the clinic. Despite these advantages, PHBPT is not yet widely practiced in Korea. There is little objective information regarding the opinions of the main stakeholders on PHBPT. To investigate the awareness and demand of PHBPT among the main stakeholders, 41 pediatric physical therapists (PT) (of 60 contacted) were recruited from different regions of Korea on the basis of the regional population distribution. The recruited PTs completed their questionnaires and also participated in collecting questionnaires from 35 medical doctors (MD) with whom they worked and from randomly selected 201 parents of children with disabilities recruited. The overall response rate was 85.5%. The awareness of PHBPT differed between PTs (95.1%) and parents (67.2%) (p<.001). The survey showed that 82.9% of MDs had at least heard about PHBPT. Significantly more parents (83.5%) than MDs (57.1%), and 70.0% of PTs, wanted to start PHBPT service immediately (p<.001). Significantly more parents (90.0%) than PTs (73.2%) were willing to participate in PHBPT (p<.001). Opinions on the details of policies and procedures (i.e., necessity for prescription, treatment cost, and treatment frequency) differed among the respondent groups, but all favored a minimal qualification of 6~10 years of pediatric experience and a treatment session duration of 1 hour. These findings provide objective information to support health service administrators to understand the current demand and develop feasible policies and procedures of PHBPT in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Hospice Care
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of hospice home care on the pain relief and quality of life of terminal cancer patients. Method: Experimental pre and post tests were provided to a single group to see the changes of quality of life of patients who were referred to a hospice home care department after having cancer treatment. They were visited at least 8 times for the duration of 4~6 weeks and were provided a 24 hour phone call service. 41 subjects were transferred to a hospice home care department after being discharged from hospital were selected. Result: 1)The first hypothesis that "the pain score of the subjects after receiving hospice home care would be different from before receiving hospice home care would be different from before receiving hospice home care" which scored 4.06 point at the first test and 3.41 at the second did not statistically show a significant difference(t=1.421 p=1.66), even though the pain score is decreased. 2)The 2nd hypotheses that "the quality of life score of the subjects after receiving hospice home care would be different from before receiving hospice home care" which scored 2.88 point at the first test and 3.39 at the second showed a significant difference(t=-6.759, p=.000) and was supported. Regarding the changes of quality of life score, social aspect(t=-5.745, p=.000), emotional aspect(t=-5.684, p=.000), and spiritual aspect(t=-6.889, p=.000) has significantly been increased, while physical aspect has been more decreased significantly than before the hospice home care is provided(t=4.282, p=.000). Conclusion: It was effective to provide hospice home care in relieving the terminal cancer patients' pain and in improving their quality of life, even though a short term hospice home care for 4-6 weeks was provided.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.41 no.11
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• pp.135-150
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• 2003

This research was to verity the effects of ICT teaching method in high school home economics. The research questions for this study were as follows: 1. Is the ICT teaching method effective in increasing students' interest in home economics and consciousness on traditional culture in teaming the unit of ‘Korean traditional culture of home life’？ 2. Is the ICT teaching method effective in improving students' achievement test and performance assessment in teaming the unit of ‘Korean traditional culture of home life’？ This study is carried out with following procedure: developing the homepage and lesson plans for ICT teaching, constructing questionnaire, and testing its reliability, pre-testing, treatment for 8 weeks, and post-testing. Two groups were arranged for 8 weeks experiment from May 7,2001 through June 30,2001. Sixteen hours of ICT teaching and 8 hours of traditional lecture for experiment group whereas 8 hours of ICT teaching and 16 hours of traditional lecture for comparison group were input. SAS program was used for statistical analysis, and independent sample t-test and matched pairs t-test were peformed for answering research questions. The results of this study were as following: 1. Sixteen hours of ICT teaching and 8 hours of traditional lecture for experiment group was effective in increasing consciousness on traditional culture and performance assessment. 2. Eight hours of ICT teaching and 16 hours of traditional lecture for comparison group was not effective in learning home economics. This means that at least 2 hours of ICT teaching is demanding for effective learning. This study concluded that ICT teaching will be effectively applied in high school home economic with well developed ICT teaching materials. And home economics educators should continuously put effort in developing curricular, teaching materials, and teaching methods to raise students' interest in home economics.