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The Effect of Adding Lotus Root and Leaf Powder on the Quality Characteristics of Cooked Pork Patties (가열 돈육 patty의 품질특성에 미치는 연근 및 연잎분말 첨가 효과)

  • Jung, In-Chul;Park, Hyun-Suk;Choi, Young-Joon;Park, Sung-Suk;Kim, Min-Ju;Park, Kyung-Sook
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.27 no.6
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    • pp.783-791
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    • 2011
  • This study was carried out to investigate the effects of adding lotus root and leaf powder on the quality characteristics of cooked pork patties. The patties were of four types: unadulterated (control, T0), 0.5% lotus root powder (T1), 0.25% lotus root and 0.25% lotus leaf powder (T2), and 0.5% lotus leaf powder (T3). We found that the moisture content was highest in T1 group, and that the protein and fat contents were lowest in T1 (p<0.05). The ash content was lowest in T0 (p<0.05). The cooking yield and moisture retention level were not significantly different among the samples, but fat retention was the highest in T3 (p<0.05). The hardness, springiness, cohesiveness and chewiness were also highest in T3, and the gumminess was lowest in T0 (p<0.05). The $L^*$ values tended to increase with longer storage periods, and that of T0 was the highest after nine days of the storage (p<0.05). By contrast, the $a^*$ values decreased with longer storage periods (p<0.05), with that of T3 being the lowest (p<0.05) during storage periods. The water holding capacity decreased with longer storage periods, and that of T1 was the highest (p<0.05) during storage periods. The pH of T1 decreased, and those of T2 and T3 increased with a longer storage period (p<0.05). TBARS values increased with a longer storage period, and those of T0, T1, T2 and T3 were 8.69, 2.95, 0.88 and 0.55 mg/kg, respectively, after nine days of storage (p<0.05).

Physicochemical Characteristics of Ground Pork with Safflower Seed Powder as an Animal Fat Replacer (동물성지방 대체제로서 홍화씨(Carthamus tinctorius L.)를 첨가한 분쇄돈육의 이화학적 품질특성)

  • Park, Kyung-Sook;Choi, Young-Joon;Moon, Yoon-Hee;Park, Hyun-Suk;Kim, Min-Ju;Jung, In-Chul
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.22 no.7
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    • pp.928-935
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    • 2012
  • This study was carried out to investigate the effect of the addition of safflower seed (Carthamus tinctorius L.) on the physicochemical properties of ground pork as an animal fat replacer. Three types of ground pork were evaluated: 20% pork fat added (control), 10% pork fat and 10% safflower seed powder added (10% SS), and 20% safflower seed powder added (20% SS). The moisture, protein, and ash contents were highest in 20% SS, and the fat content was highest in the control (p<0.05). The cooking yield, moisture retention, fat retention, and water-holding capacity were highest in 20% SS, and the control showed a reduction in the diameter (p<0.05). The external and internal L-, a-, and b-values of the control were higher than those of the 10% SS and the 20% SS (p<0.05). The cholesterol content of the control, the 10% SS, and the 20% SS was 50.85, 21.77, and 17.91 mg/100 g, respectively, and that of the 20% SS was lowest among the samples (p<0.05). The linoleic acid content of the control, the 10% SS, and the 20% SS was 28.68%, 41.04%, and 54.26%, respectively. The total unsaturated fatty acid content of the control, the 10% SS, and the 20% SS was 50.53%, 55.76%, and 64.93%, respectively. The linoleic acid and the total unsaturated fatty acid content were highest in the 20% SS (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in amino acid composition.

Research on the Production and Acceptance of How Fandom Culture ; Focusing on Fan Fiction and Fan Illustration (팬덤 문화의 생산과 수용방식에 대한 연구 - 팬 픽션과 팬 일러스트레이션 중심으로)

  • LIm, Jae-Min;Kim, Dai-Hyun
    • Cartoon and Animation Studies
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    • s.42
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    • pp.315-335
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    • 2016
  • Culture is being created and consumed as several form by human development. Populace is forming through movement of mass of people to specific place which influenced by urbanization and industrialization. Since cultural products are created on base of economic principles cultural content makers are make culture products after lot of study and analyze. In early days popular culture was accepted only by the meaning of the text which has settled already via country or company which was holding the capital. But today we can apply culture products freely by the power of public opinion and media art's growth. Especially fandom is giving the opportunity to consume the image of cultural products actively and offering the good influence to make it by several ways of activities to the culture producers. In this study, consumption as a cultural group formed by the fandom in public will be transformed into participatory groups by the influence of cultural activities with fan art reproduction. These changes in the consumption of culture products will make it in positive way. Thereby culture creator who thinks fandom as a group of culture capital maker only use it now for the indicator for predicting success of culture products. Will find out in this study how culture consumption is accomplishing by fan fiction and fan illustration in the fandom culture and how reproduced fan art is affects to culture creators.

A Study on Regulatory Law for Management System of Combined Medical Device (결합 의료기기 관리제도의 규제관련 법률에 관한 연구)

  • Choi, Yong Jun;Choi, Mi Lim;Lee, Jeong Chan;Jung, Yong Gyu
    • Journal of Service Research and Studies
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.1-10
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    • 2014
  • According to recent trends in technological advances and globalization, medical device industry may improve the constitution to meet worldwide medical equipment management system. Also it is holding a strand of mitigation to reach the level of international regulation. In addition, recent legislation tends are to stay limited ranges of industry regulations at least and take as open attitude for integration of new technologies combined medical devices. A greater environmental risk is not likely to work in medical technology, Combinded medical device is used as close to zero risk in most of the human body, which is classified as Class 1. Even medical device such as little or no risk in handling, it is possible to minimize the unnecessary administrative power and a waste of time to occur. For the medical device may be improving people's choices and access, medical equipment operator is expanding to include dealers, because this will be exalted to particular area of the business of the company. In this paper, we investigate the legal prerequisites for the establishment of a medical device. And propose improved regulations in topics in order to facilitate the repair and distribution markets for fair trade.

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Strength Performance Evaluation of Deck Using Reinforced Plastic Connector (강화플라스틱 연결구를 이용한 데크의 내력 성능평가)

  • Song, Yo-Jin;Jung, Hong-Ju;Lee, Dong-Heub;Kim, Kyung-Dae;Hong, Soon-Il
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • v.41 no.1
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    • pp.12-18
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    • 2013
  • Existing wood decks brings out negligent accident because fastener can be pulled-out by cyclic load of pedestrians. When deck and joist are connected, it also causes the problems, which are cracking of wood decks and rapid decay by material of fastener. In this study, strength property of deck unit using reinforced plastic connector made by domestic A company was evaluated. Southern yellow pine (Pinus palustris Miller) were used for deck material. Bending strength of deck units were implemented for fastener type and joist spacing (400, 600 mm). In the result, carbon steel screw into reinforced plastic connector was the best in average bending strength(Joist spacing : 400, 600 mm). In the result of bending strength for joist-width (40, 50, 70, 80 mm), the average maximum bending strength was measured when the joist spacing was 40 mm.

Quality Characteristics of Low-Fat Sausage Containing Curcumin Extract during Cold Storage (울금 추출물 함유 저지방 소시지의 냉장저장 중 품질 특성)

  • Kim, Il-Suk;Jin, Sang-Keun;Park, Ki-Hoon;Jeong, Ki-Jong;Kim, Dong-Hoon;Yang, Mi-Ra;Chung, Young-Sin
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.255-261
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    • 2007
  • The effects of curcumin extract on the physicochemical, microbial and sensory properties of low-fat sausages during refrigerated storage were studied. Sausage products were produced with three different formulations including 0%, 2.5%, and 5.0% curcumin extract. Low-fat sausages made with the addition of curcumin extract had lower (p<0.05) crude fat content, pH and TBARS values than the control sample. The addition of curcumin extract did not affect the water holding capacity, cooking loss, shear force, meat color, texture profile, and total bacterial count in low-fat sausages duringstorage (p>0.05). With regard to sensory evaluation, 2.5% curcumin extract added to low-fat sausages resulted in a high overall acceptability (p<0.05). In conclusion, low-fat sausages with added 2.5% curcumin extract had a higher acceptability and lipid oxidative stability during storage than products without curcumin extract.

Development of Nurserγ Soil for Rice Seedling (Phyllite를 이용한 수도용(水稻用) 육묘(育苗) 상토개발(床土開發))

  • Park, Young-Hee;Chang, Ki-Woon;Hong, Jei-Gu
    • Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.71-81
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    • 2002
  • The study was carried out to develop nursery soil for rice seedling of phyllite. First of all, physico-chemical properties of used phyllite in the study through the analysis for agricultural utilization evaluation are as following. Bulk density(BD) of phyllite was $1.31g/cm^3$ each other and porosity had 65% of entire pore size. Also, the water holding capacity(WHC) was 43% at 1/3bar pressure, which phyllite has high WHC. According to, the results the experiments for nursery soil were conducted by mixing the materials such as phyllite, zeolite and hill soil. The mixing ratios were 30, 50, and 70% for zeolite and hill soil into phyllite. These mixed materials were packed in a box by adding 0, 1 and 2g of N-fertilizer. At seedling test, there were increases in the growth of shoot and root of rice for phyllite to zeolite and phyllite to hill soil, respectively. On the other hand, the length of leaf increased with increasing application rate of phyllite, while length and a number of root increased with increasing application rate of hill soil. The growth in the plots of phyllite to zeolite and phyllite to hill soil was better than in control plot. Finally, phyllite plot had efficient results when it compared with others and the study used with phyllite will have to more research and effort for agricultural useful material.

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Changes of Soil Properties and Evaluation of Plant Utilization According to the Application of Compost Used with Phyllite (Phyllite를 이용한 퇴비 시용에 따른 토양 특성 변화 및 작물에 대한 효용성 평가)

  • Park, Young-Hee;Chang, Ki-Woon;Hong, Jei-Gu
    • Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.92-99
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    • 2002
  • The study was conducted to investigate the changes of soil properties and evaluation of plant utilization according to the application of compost used with phyllite. At this experiment, the plant cultivation test(lettuce and radish plant) was carried out to know about physico-chemical properties of compost, humus degradarion and stabilization degree, and some effects among rhe treatments were best at 20Mg/ha in PSPC 10(Phyllite, Saw dust, Pig manure Compost) plots and ar 10Mg/ha in PSPC 20 treatments, respectively. The EC value was high in the compost. Therefore the EC was appeared more than 2ds/m at the applied 40Mg/ha with compost. And in case of lettuce, Avail.-$P_2O_5$ and EC were more increased than in the radish plots, highly. In contrast, in case of radish, Toral-N, Total-C, and EC contents were decreased after plant cultivation. That is, it could know that radish was fond of absorprion of nitrogen. Also, BD values of soil physical properties were decreased according to increasing of phyllite addition ratio, however water holding capacity(WHC) was increased. The plant test had not been darnaged through the application of compost used with phyllite in soil and there had not been worse on changing of soil physico-chemical properties. Consequently, phyllite composts have been thought on agricultural utilized possibility.

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Physicochemical Properties of Hydroxypropylated Rice Starches (하이드록시프로필화 쌀 전분의 이화학적 특성)

  • Choi, Hyun-Wook;Koo, Hye-Jin;Kim, Chong-Tai;Hwang, Seong-Yun;Kim, Dong-Seob;Choi, Sung-Won;Hur, Nam-Youn;Baik, Moo-Yeol
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.44-49
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    • 2005
  • Physicochemical properties of hydroxypropylated rice starches were investigated. Swelling power of hydroxypropylated rice starch increased at relatively lower temperature than native rice starch. Solubility of hydroxypropylated rice starch was lower (1.9-13.4%) than that of native rice starch (2.2-13.8%), and increased with increasing amount of propylene oxide. Pasting temperature ($66.2-70.8^{\circ}C$) and peak viscosity (2,843-3,395cp) of hydroxypropylated rice starch were lower than those of native starch ($71.6^{\circ}C,\;3,976\;cp$) and decreased with increasing amount of propylene oxide, regardless of reaction time. DSC thermal transitions of hydroxypropylated rice starches shifted toward lower temperature. Amylopectin-melting enthalpy of hydroxypropylated rice starch decreased (11.8-9.8J/g) with increasing amount of propylene oxide and was lower than that of native starch (11.9 J/g). These results indicate hydroxypropylation lowered swelling power and gelatinization temperatures of rice starch, because internal bonds of rice starch molecules were sterically weaken by substituted hydroxypropyl groups.

Economic Effects of the Privatization of the Public Enterprises through the People's Share Program (국민주방식(國民株方式) 공기업민영화(公企業民營化)의 경제적(經濟的) 효과분석(效果分析))

  • Song, Dae-hee;Song, Myung-hee
    • KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.3-27
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    • 1992
  • In 1988, the government provided to the low income people 34.1% of the stocks of Pohang Iron & Steel Company through the People's Share Program of Privatization for the first time, and then in 1989 21% of the share of the Korea Electric Power Corporation were also provided to the low income classes through the same way. The purpose of the People's Share Program was known to be to support the low income classes through participating the profit of public enterprises, and also to expand the capital market through the diversification of stock holding structure. Initially, the government planned that the government share of enterprises such as the Citizens National Bank, the Korea Telecommunication Authority would be sold to the low income classes through the People's Share Program step by step. The income support policy, however, was no longer driven after 1989 when the overall stock prices started to decline. In this paper we tried to measure the effect of the privatization scheme of the public enterprises through the People's Share Program. The problems of the People's Share Program of the Pohang Iron & Steel Commpany and the Korea Electric Power Corperation were also identified. Several implications of the privatization scheme of the public enterprise through the People's Share Program by stages were found. The People's Share Program was found to be a non-stable policy measure for the income support of low income classes. The efficiency impact of the privatization through the People's Share Program was found to be non-significant.

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