• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.97-107
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• 2001

In this paper, an illuminant estimation algorithm of a chromatic digital images proposed. The proposed illumination estimation method has two phases. First, the surface spectral reflectances are recovered. In this case, the surface spectral reflectances recovered are limited to the maximum highlight region (MHR) which is the most achromatic and highly bright region of an image after applying intermediate color constancy process using a modified gray world algorithm. Next, the surface reflectances of the maximum highlight region are estimated using the principal component analysis method along with a set of given Munsell samples. Second, the spectral distribution of reflected lights of MHR is selected from the spectral database. That is a color difference is compared between the reflected lights of the MHR and the spectral database that is the set of reflected lights built by the given Munsell samples and a set of illuminants. Then the closest colors from the spectral database are selected. Finally, the illuminant of an image can be calculated dividing the average spectral distributions of reflected lights of MHR by the average surface reflectances of the MHR. In order to evaluate the proposed algorithm, experiments with artificial and real captured color-biased scenes were performed and numerical comparison examined. The proposed method was effective in estimating the spectral of the given illuminant sunder various illuminants.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.183-196
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• 2016

The purpose of this research is to find out the characteristics of sexuality expressed in the contemporary modern fashion jacket, especially designer Thom Browne. Thom Browne is a very successful fashion brand that has focused on design of extraordinary theme. In the research methodology, the analysis was carried out over a total of 862 work pieces in the collection of S/S, F/W, RESORT, PRE-FALL from 2010 to 2016. The characteristics of the contemporary expressions of sexualities can be subdivided into four separate categories. First, The demolition is inflated retail, exaggerated shoulder silhouettes, such as short sleeve jacket is mainly used in the form of a women's match with each other and expressed by different materials applied to men. Female jackets are designed for the silhouette to highlight the strong masculine image to highlight additional detail on the chest or vice versa, to express women's jacket to distort the female. Secondly, Sensuality is designed the body of a male was represented by a design that gives a greater masculinity was expressed that the interpretation of the male gender in detail jacket sleeves and wrap the exposed areas of the important men of fashion. Women's jacket by using a see-through material, mainly sensory Castle outward to reveal the concealed body of the female form a natural curve shows the feminine sensuality. Lastly, Incongruity is inadequate representation by sex of clothing to match the jacket and skirt in women's wear it is also unsuitable for revealing gender as male by applying soot forms. The study attempts to find the meaning in that this presents the direction of the creative development of the modern fashion design based on the aesthetic characteristics of Thom Browne fashion appearing in the modern fashion.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.4 no.5
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• pp.396-405
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• 2001

Usually it is difficult to extract facial regions in a complex image by using only a predetermined skin color. Expecially, it is more difficult to separate them from background regions that contains the skin color. This paper proposes a face detection method by using gradual range expansion of an initial skin color. By analyzing the skin color distribution several images that are collected in the Web, the range of dense distribution is selected as the range of the initial skin color. In each expanding step, expanded regions in the image are tested whether they can be actual facial regions by using the information of the shape of general face and the location of face organs. The shape of general face is modeled as an ellipse and the aspect ratio of its bounding box is used to define the shape constraint for faces. Only the eyes and lips are used as the face organs, which can be easily detected by extracting horizontal edges in the expanded regions. through several experiments, it is confirmed that the proposed method can detect exactly not only faces having partly distorted regions by highlight but also faces neighboring similar color regions.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.643-648
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• 2012

Background Aggressive treatment of sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) infection involves systemic antibiotics, surgical drainage and resection if indicated. The purpose of this paper is to describe a classification of post resectional SCJ defects and highlight our reconstructive algorithm. Defects were classified into A, where closure was possible often with the aid of topical negative pressure dressing; B, where parts of the manubrium, calvicular head, and first rib were excised; and C, where both clavicular, first ribs and most of the manubrium were resected. Methods Twelve patients (age range, 42 to 72 years) over the last 8 years underwent reconstruction after SCJ infection. There was 1 case of a type A defect, 10 type B defects, and 1 type C defect. Reconstruction was performed using the pectoralis major flap in 6 cases (50%), the latissimus dorsi flap in 4 cases (33%), secondary closure in 1 case and; the latissimus and the rectus flap in 1 case. Results All wounds healed uneventfully with no flap failure. Nine patients had good shoulder motion. Three patients with extensive clavicular resection had restricted shoulder abduction and were unable to abduct their arm past $90^{\circ}$. Internal and external rotation were not affected. Conclusions We highlight our reconstructive algorithm which is summarised as follows: for an isolated type B SCJ defect we recommend the ipsilateral pectoralis major muscle for closure. For a type C bilateral defect, we suggest the latissimum dorsi flap. In cases of extensive infection where the thoracoacromial and internal mammary vessels are thrombosed, the pectoralis major and rectus abdominus cannot be used; and the latissimus dorsi flap is chosen.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.455-471
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• 2013

Active sonar has been commonly used to detect targets existing in the shallow water. When a signal is transmitted and returned back from a target, it has been distorted by various properties of acoustic channel such as multipath arrivals, scattering from rough sea surface and ocean bottom, and refraction by sound speed structure, which makes target detection difficult. It is therefore necessary to consider these channel properties in the target signal simulation in operational performance system of active sonar. In this paper, a monostatic active sonar system is considered, and the target echo, reverberation, and ambient noise are individually simulated as a function of time, and finally summed to simulate a total received signal. A 3-dimensional highlight model, which can reflect the target features including the shape, position, and azimuthal and elevation angles, has been applied to each multipath pair between source and target to simulate the target echo signal. The results are finally compared to those obtained by the algorithm in which only direct path is considered in target signal simulation.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.82-93
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• 2000

Recently, the capability of efficient access to the desired video content is of growing importance because more digital video data are available at an increasing rate. A video summary abstracting the gist from the entirety enables the efficient browsing as well as the fast skimming of the video contents. In this paper, we discuss a novel dynamic summarization method based on the detection of highlights which represent semantically significant content and the description scheme (DS) proposed to MPEG-7 aiming to provide summary description. The summary DS proposed to MPEG-7 allows for efficient navigation and browsing to the contents of interest through the functionalities of multi-level highlights, hierarchical browsing and user-customized summarization. In this paper, we also show the validation and the usefulness of the methodology for dynamic summarization and the summary DS in real applications with soccer video sequences.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.174-183
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• 2014

When a active sonar signal is transmitted and returned back from a target, it has been distorted by various properties of acoustic channel such as multipath arrivals. And signals have been appeared to be different form by target position and attitude. Therefore, we simulated the target echo signal using 3 dimensional target model include reflects target features. In this paper, we develop components form of a simulated target model is made up equally spaced highlight points, and each part of the target consists of shape function. We can simulate a target echo signal and Target strength (TS) according to wave incident angle. To verify, we made small scale target in kit form and we had got underwater target signal for comparing simulation result in water tank.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.30-37
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• 1994

Since the morden targets are of high speed and getting quiet in both active and passive mode, the necessities of developing advanced SONAR system capable of performing target motion analysis (TMA) and target classification are evident. In order to develop such a system, the scattering mechanism of complex bodies needs to be, some extent, fully understood and modeled. In this paper, MOving Spread Target(MOST) signal simulation model is presented and discussed. The model is based on the highlight distribution method, and simulates pulse elongation of spread target, doppler effect due to kinematics of the target as well as SONAR platform, and distribution target strength of each highlight point (HL) with directivity. The model can be used in developing and evaluating advanced SONAR system through system simulation, and can also be used in the development of target state estimation algorithm.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.149-157
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• 2007

Hair style was mean of visual symbol that display position or wealth about human life. Also, have spoken for cultural value as human body plastic art that speak for the age. I wished to study about modeling of hair style and interrelationship of color by analyzing systematically laying stress on color through contest creation work consisted in beauty art congress. Urpose of this study is as following. First, examines domestic' outside great council work head change by era, and studies Hair Work's change in work head. Second, Hair Color's change that appear in domestic' outside contest work head studies effect that get in work. Method of study runs parallel literature study and supporting research, utilized domestic' outside literature, connection paper, magazine, picture data etc. To literature study, and work picture data examined laying stress on work that is choosesed picture dataworld beauty use association (OMC) data etc. that appear in domestic' outside beauty art magazine to examine closely specification and stability of beauty art game style and participates in domestic and world beauty art contest. In this study, domestic' characteristic, and effect that collar gets in work head of collar that collects outside contest participating in an athletic contest hair style by ($1981{\sim}$until present) by year and appears in contest work head and in work since analyzing study forward $2007{\sim}2008$ year direction of collar. First, stream of whole color of the 1980s Brown gave highlight color point partially to basis, and was consisted of creative style and do Gold base color on the whole in Hair by Night item. Second, various Hair color was popularized in the 199Os, and Tuton's color appeared in beauty art game work, and I contributed to improve technique that step-up gradation color appears and does technique to highlight in neon orange in creative style and Hair by Night item by entrance on the stage of neuter gender color.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.418-424
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• 2018

Detection and classification of underwater targets is an important issue for both military and non-military purposes. Recently, many performance improvements are being reported in the field of pattern recognition with the development of deep learning technology. Among the results, DBN showed good performance when used for pre-training of DNN. In this paper, DBN was used for the classification of underwater targets using active sonar, and the results are compared with that of the conventional BPNN. We synthesized active sonar target signals using 3-dimensional highlight model. Then, features were extracted based on FrFT. In the single aspect based experiment, the classification result using DBN was improved about 3.83% compared with the BPNN. In the case of multi-aspect based experiment, a performance of 95% or more is obtained when the number of observation sequence exceeds three.