• 치위생과학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.105-112
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• 2005

구강진료기관에서 이용되는 방사선은 노출양이 극히 미량이라고 알려져 있지만, 장기간 방사선을 취급하는 경우에는 위해작용이 나타날 수 있으므로 이에 대한 방사선 종사자의 인식변화가 필요하다고 볼 수 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 치과위생사의 방사선 안전관리에 대한 지식, 태도 및 행위를 파악하여 구강 방사선 촬영실에서의 안전관리 행위에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석함으로써 치과위생사뿐만 아니라 일반 이용자들의 방사선에 의한 건강장해를 예방하기 위한 방어계획 수립과 치과위생사의 방사선 안전에 대한 보건교육 프로그램을 설계함에 도움이 되는시사점을 도출하고자 각 지역의 치과병원 및 치과의원에 근무하는 치과위생사를 대상으로 2003년 12월부터 2004년 3월까지 약 4개월동안 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 방사선 안전관리에 대한 지식 수준을 살펴본 결과 총15점 만점 중 평균이 $8.59{\pm}2.36$점으로 나타났으며, 최고점수는 13점, 최소점수는 3점으로 나타났다. 또한 일반적인 특성에 따른 지식 수준을 살펴보면, 근무경력별로(p < 0.001),결혼 여부별로(p < 0.001), 방사선 안전교육 여부별로(p < 0.001), 병원형태별로(p < 0.001) 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 2. 방사선 안전관리에 대한 태도 수준을 살펴본 결과, 5점 만점 중 전체 평균이 $4.08{\pm}0.50$점으로 나타났으며, 문항별 최고점수는 평균 $4.31{\pm}0.73$점, 최저 점수는$3.82{\pm}0.89$점으로 나타났다. 또한 일반적인 특성에 따른 태도 수준을 살펴보면, 연령별로(p < 0.001), 근무경력별로(p < 0.05), 방사선 안전교육 여부별로(p < 0.01), 병원형태별로(p < 0.001) 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 3. 방사선 안전관리에 대한 행위 수준을 살펴본 결과, 5점 만점 중 전체평균은 $2.89{\pm}0.77$점으로 태도 수준에 비해 행위 수준은 낮게 조사되었으며, 문항별 최고점수는 $3.82{\pm}0.94$점, 최저점수는 $2.37{\pm}1.04$점으로 나타났다. 또한 일반적인 특성에 따른 행위수준을 살펴본 결과, 근무경력별로(p < 0.001), 병원형태별로(p < 0.001) 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 4. 방사선 안전관리 지식, 태도 및 행위와의 관계를 살펴본 결과 방사선 안전관리에 대한 지식이 높을수록 방사선 안전관리 태도와 행위 정도가 높았으며, 방사선 안전관리에 대한 태도가 높을수록 방사선 안전관리 행위의 정도가 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.167-175
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• 2023

코로나19 상황에서 대면과 비대면 수업 형태에 따른 대학생의 취득학점과 성적 평점 평균점수가 어떻게 변화되었는지를 연구하게 되었다. 본 연구를 위하여 액세스 데이터베이스를 이용하여 성적데이터를 추출하였다. 연구대상으로 3학기 동안에 152명의 학생들을 대상으로 비대면 수업과 대면 수업에 참여한 학생들의 취득학점 점수와 평점평균값, 중간고사, 기말고사, 과제물 점수, 출석점수를 비교 분석하였다. 분석방법으로는 독립표본 t검정 통계처리를 하였다. 대면반 학생의 취득학점과 평균평점 점수가 더 우수하다는 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 그 결과 대면반 학생들이 비대면반 학생들의 취득학점 보다 4.39점 높게 나타났고, 평균평점 값이 0.6642점 높게 나타남을 실험 결과를 통하여 알 수 있었다. 비교분석 결과 통계적으로 유의하게 나타났으며, 대면반 수업은 평균 21.22, 비대면반 수업은 16.83점으로 비대면반보다 대면반수업의 학점 취득 점수가 상대적으로 높은 평균 점수를 나타내었다. 결론적으로 대면 학생들의 성적이 비대면 학생의 성적보다 전반적으로 더 높았고, 수업에 참여도가 대면 학생들이 더 높게 나타났음을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• 정보학연구
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.143-162
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• 1998

직장인의 평생교육 기회를 제공할 수 있는 방안으로 1994학년도부터 산업체 위탁생 교육제도가 운영되도록 법제화 되었다. 최근 군 내부에서도 장기 직업군인인 하사관과 준사관들의 사기진전과 전력증강 차원에서 고등교육의 기회를 증대하고 있다. 반면, 이들 하사관 직업군인들은 직업의 특수성으로 인하여 잦은 훈련과 비상대기 그리고 장기간의 야외훈련등으로 인하여 수업의 결손이 많고, 현직무와 연계가 없는 설치학과와 교육과정이 주류를 이루고 있다. 또한, 부대 근무지 이동으로 통학거리에 제약이 있어 불가피하게 중도 탈락자가 발생되기도 하여 형행 교육방법과 체계 적응에 어려움을 겪고 있는 실정이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 직업군인 군위탁생에게 권장할 수 있는 현행 학과연구 및 교육과정과 군내부에 영내분교 설치운영시 첨단 정보통신 기술을 이용한 원격지 교육시스템 구축 및 운영 방안을 제시하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.277-290
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• 2015

본 연구는 비행 청소년이 학교폭력과 가정폭력, 학업중단, 자살이라는 위기로부터 일상의 건전한 청소년으로 회귀시키거나 선제적 개입 또는 사전 예방을 위해 실제로 위기에 내몰린 청소년을 분석하여 위기문제간의 연관된 패턴을 찾아내는데 목적이 있다. 연구 결과, 학업중단에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 보호관찰, 범법, 흡연, 음주, 가출, 가정폭력_피해, 자살 등이 발견되었다. 특히 청소년이 가출을 해서 음주와 흡연을 하는 경우에는 학업중단의 위험이 그렇지 않은 청소년보다 2.76배 높은 것으로 예측되었고, 흡연보다 음주가 청소년의 학업중단에 더 크게 작용하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 본 연구는 위기 청소년 문제를 해결하기 위해 당면한 문제에만 초점을 맞추기 보다는 잠재적 위기청소년의 가정과 학교, 지역사회 전반을 아우르는 복합적 위기관리가 필요함을 입증한 과학적 근거자료로서의 활용가치를 가진다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.780-786
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• 2005

This study presents a non-video, non-invasive, automatic, on-site monitoring system the system employs ultrasonic transducers to detect behavior in sows before, during and after parturition. An ultrasonic transmitting/receiving (T/R) circuit of 40 kHz was mounted above a conventional parturition bed. The T/R units use ultrasonic time-of-flight (TOF) ranging technology to measure the height of the confined sows at eight predetermined locations. From this data, three momentary postures of the sow are determined, characterized as standing-posture (SP), lateral-lying-posture (LLP) and sitting posture (STP). By examining the frequencies of position switch Stand-Up-Sequence (SUS) between standing-posture (SP), lateral-lying-posture (LLP) and sitting-posture (STP) rate can be determined for the duration of the sow' confinement. Three experimental pureblooded Landrace sows undergoing normal gestation were monitored for the duration of confinement. In agreement with common observation, the sows exhibited increased restlessness as parturition approached. Analysis of the data collected in our study showed a distinct peak in Stand-Up-Sequence (SUS, i.e. the transition from lying laterally to standing up ) and sitting-posture (STP) rate approximately 12 h prior to parturition, the observed peak being 5 to 10 times higher than observed on any other measurement day. It is concluded that the presented methodology is a robust, low-cost, lowlabor method for the continuous remote monitoring of sows and similar large animals for parturition and other behavior. It is suggested that the system could be applied to automatic prediction of sow parturition, with automatic notification of remote management personnel so human attendance at birth could reduce rates of sow and piglet mortality. The results of this study provide a good basis for enhancing automation and reducing costs in large-scale sow husbandry and have applications in the testing of various large mammals for the effects of medications, diets, genetic modifications and environmental factors.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.451-462
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the level of concern and the level of knowledge of endocrine disruptors, and the level of dietary behaviors to decrease exposure to endocrine disruptors, to determine the factors affecting the level of knowledge and behaviors, and to assess the causal relationship between them. The data were collected from 579 adults in Seoul, Incheon, Daejeon, Daegu, Busan and Gwangju provinces. Frequencies, t tests, analysis of variance, Cronbach's alpha, Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis, multiple regression analyses, and path analysis were carried out by SPSS for Win V.18.0. The results of this study were as follows: The level of concern about endocrine disruptors was higher than the medium level. The respondents were most concerned about a container of cup ramen among products related to foods. The levels of both knowledge and behaviors in order to decrease exposure to endocrine disruptors in dietary life were not high. The factors affecting the level of knowledge of endocrine disruptors were educational level, attendance in education for endocrine disruptors, and concern about endocrine disruptors. On the other hand, sex, age, concern about endocrine disruptors, and the level of knowledge of endocrine disruptors affected the level of behaviors to decrease exposure toward endocrine disruptors. The results of the path analysis showed that educational level and education of endocrine disruptors had an indirect influence on the level of behaviors in order to decrease exposure to endocrine disruptors in dietary life. The concern about endocrine disruptors had both a direct and an indirect effect on the level of behaviors to decrease exposure to endocrine disruptors in dietary life. In addition, sex, age and the level of knowledge of endocrine disruptors directly affected the level of behaviors to decrease exposure to endocrine disruptors in dietary life.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.343-349
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• 2022

Background: In the United States, the dairy product manufacturing industry has consistently had higher rates of work-related nonfatal injuries and illnesses compared to the national average for industries in all sectors. The selection and implementation of appropriate safety performance indicators are important aspect of reducing risk within safety management systems. This study examined the leading safety indicators implemented in the dairy product-manufacturing sector (NAICS 3115) and their perceived effectiveness in reducing work-related injuries. Methods: Perceptions were collected from individuals with safety responsibilities in the dairy product manufacturing facilities. OSHA Incident Rate (OIR) and Days away, restricted and transferred (DART) rates from 2013 to 2018 were analyzed. Results: The perceived most effective leading were safety observations, stop work authority, near miss reporting, safety audits, preventative maintenance, safety inspections, safety training attendance, and job hazard analysis/safety analysis, respectively. The 6-year trend analysis showed that those implementing all eight top indicators had a slightly lower rates than those that did not implement all eight. Production focused mentality, poor training, and lack of management commitment were perceived as the leading causes of injuries in this industry. Conclusion: Collecting leading indicators with the unique interest to meet the regulatory requirements and to document the management system without the actual goal of using them as input to improve the system most probably will not lead to an effective reduction of negative safety outcomes. For leading indicators to be effective, they should be properly selected, executed, periodically evaluated and actions are taken when necessary.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.633-641
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• 2022

Introduction In chronic facial palsy, synkinetic muscle overactivity and shortening causes muscle stiffness resulting in reduced movement and functional activity. This article studies the role of multimodal therapy in improving outcomes. Methods Seventy-five facial palsy patients completed facial rehabilitation before being successfully discharged by the facial therapy team. The cohort was divided into four subgroups depending on the time of initial attendance post-onset. The requirement for facial therapy, chemodenervation, or surgery was assessed with East Grinstead Grade of Stiffness (EGGS). Outcomes were measured using the Facial Grading Scale (FGS), Facial Disability Index, House-Brackmann scores, and the Facial Clinimetric Evaluation scale. Results FGS composite scores significantly improved posttherapy (mean-standard deviation, 60.13 ± 23.24 vs. 79.9 ± 13.01; confidence interval, -24.51 to -14.66, p < 0.0001). Analysis of FGS subsets showed that synkinesis also reduced significantly (p < 0.0001). Increasingly, late clinical presentations were associated with patients requiring longer durations of chemodenervation treatment (p < 0.01), more chemodenervation episodes (p < 0.01), increased doses of botulinum toxin (p < 0.001), and having higher EGGS score (p < 0.001). Conclusions This study shows that multimodal facial rehabilitation in the management of facial palsy is effective, even in patients with chronically neglected synkinesis. In terms of the latency periods between facial palsy onset and treatment initiation, patients presenting later than 2 years were still responsive to multimodal treatment albeit to a lesser extent, which we postulate is due to increasing muscle contracture within their facial muscles.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.305-310
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• 2004

복숭아혹진딧물(Myzus persicae)의 온도별 발육상을 조사하기 위해 $15^{\circ}C$에서 $32.5^{\circ}C$까지 $2.5^{\circ}C$ 간격으로 8개 온도에서 조사를 하였으며, 상대습도는 $70{\pm}5\%$, 광주기는 16L:8D 조건으로 처리하였다. 일반적으로 진딧물의 약충 단계는 1령에서 4령가지로 구분하나 본 연구에서는 1-2령을 (1st-2nd nymph), 3-4령을(3rd-4th nymph)이라 하여 2단계로 구분하였다. 대부분의 온도에서 사망률은 초기 1-2령이 3-4령보다 더 높았으나 $32.5^{\circ}C$에서는 오히려 3-4령의 사망률이 대부분을 차지하였다. 온도별 발육기간은 $15^{\circ}C$에서 12.4일로 가장 길었고 온도가 상승함에 따라 점차 짧아져 $27.5^{\circ}C$에서는 4.9일로 가장 짧았으나 30에서 $32.5^{\circ}C$까지는 오히려 5.0일과 6.3일로 발육 기간이 길어지는 양상을 보였다. 약충의 발육영점온도는 $4.9^{\circ}C$이고, 유효적산온도는 116.5일도 이었다. 각 온도별 발육률은 변형된 Sharpe와 DeMichele의 비선형 모형에 잘 적합되었다. 발육단계별 발육기간을 표준화하여 누적시킨 값을 3개의 변수를 갖는 Weibull function에 적용하여 보았을 때 1-2령${\to}$3-4령${\to}$ 전체 약충 순으로 발육기간이 짧아지는 경향을 보여 주었고 $r^2$는 0.87-0.94로 나타났다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.111-126
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine the dietary habits and nutrient intakes of school-aged children participating in extracurricular classes, to with regards to class schedule. Three-hundred and two students from Seoul were selected and classified into two groups. One group attended extracurricular classes less than 12.43 hours per week, which was determined as the average number of hours per week(AELT, n=147). The other group attended extracurricular classes more than 12.43 hours per week(AEMT, n=155). The average student age in both the AELT and AEMT groups was 11.9 years, respectively. In terms of height and weight, there were no significant differences between the two groups. AELT received significantly more hours of sleep than AEMT(p<0.01), and there were significantly more responses with regard to lack of sleep in the AEMT group than in the AELT group(p<0.05). In a survey on 17 clinical symptoms regarding health, the AEMT group had significantly higher response rates than the AELT group in the following sections: no appetite (p<0.001), dizziness(p<0.001), headache(p<0.01), tiredness(p<0.01), cold symptoms(p<0.05), and sore eyes(p<0.05). Meal time irregularity was significantly higher than AEMT than in AELT(p<0.05). Approximately 50% of the subjects were picky eaters, and 40% and 20% skipped breakfast or dinner, respectively. The average energy intakes for AELT and AEMT were 2122.2 kcal and 2061.5 kcal, respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups. AEMT consumed significantly lower quantities of protein, animal fat, vitamin $B_6$, calcium, and phosphorus(each p<0.05) as compared to the AELT group. Beverage intake was significantly higher in AEMT than AELT(p<0.05). The number of hours in extracurricular classes showed a significant negative correlation with the intakes of protein, animal protein, animal fat, vitamin $B_6$, folate, calcium, plant calcium and phosphorus(each p<0.05). The number of hours in extracurricular classes also showed a significant negative correlation with soy foods intake(p<0.05). These results suggest that continuous and systematic nutritional education should be performed in order to prevent and improve the unbalanced diets and problematic of dietary habits that may result in students due to attendance in extracurricular classes.