• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.228-236
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• 2018

In this study, we evaluated the antioxidant activity and protective effects against oxidative DNA damage of the ethyl acetate fraction from the callus of Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai (ECA). Callus of A. distichum was induced on MS medium containing NAA (1 mg/L) and 2,4-D (1 mg/L), and a sufficient amount was obtained for the extraction by subculture. Acteoside was analyzed and quantified (0.39 mg/g callus) from ECA using the high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector method. ECA showed very high antioxidative activity as revealed by DPPH and ABTS scavenging assays. The $IC_{50}$ values were 12.4 and $6.8{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. ECA showed protective effects against oxidative DNA damage evaluated by using ${\Psi}X-174$ RF I plasmid DNA. It also inhibited DNA damage by suppressing the oxidative stress-induced protein and mRNA levels of ${\gamma}$-H2AX and p53 in NIH/3T3 cells. In conclusion, ECA protects against oxidative DNA damage through its powerful antioxidant activity.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.93-104
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• 2014

Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma has been extensively used by human beings as a medicinal herb as well as natural sweetener. In this study, we performed quantification analysis of three major constituents including liquiritin, glycyrrhizin, and glycyrrhetinic acid in the 70% ethanol extracts of non-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma using a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detector. The analytical column for separation of the 3 constituents used a Gemini C18 column kept at $40^{\circ}C$ by the gradient elution of two mobile phase. The amounts of liquiritin, glycyrrhizin, and glycyrrhetinic acid in non-processed Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma were 2.57%, 3.52%, and not detected. After processing by roasting, the best roasting temperature and time of iquiritin, glycyrrhizin, and glycyrrhetinic acid were $160^{\circ}C$-15 min (2.46%), $160^{\circ}C$-15 min (3.67%), and $240^{\circ}C$-15 min (0.76%), respectively.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.206-212
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• 2018

Xanthii Fructus has been traditionally used for the treatment of rhinitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and eczema. In this study, a high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array (HPLC-PDA) method was developed and then used for the simultaneous analysis of eight phenylpropanoids in Xanthii Fructus. The analytical column used for this separation was a $SunFire^{TM}$ $C_{18}$ column, maintained at $40^{\circ}C$. The mobile phase used was 1.0% acetic acid in distilled water and 1.0% acetic acid in acetonitrile with gradient elution. For identify of each component, the mass spectrometer (MS) was used a Waters triple quadrupole mass spectrometer requipped with electrospray ionization (ESI) source. The HPLC-PDA method showed good linearity: correlation coefficients were ${\geq}0.9996$. The limits of detection and quantification of the eight compounds were 0.02 - 0.04 and $0.06-0.14{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The extraction recoveries ranged from 97.51 to 108.67%. The relative standard deviation values of intra- and inter-day precision were 0.06 - 1.55 and 0.09 - 1.68%, respectively. The validated HPLC-PDA method was applied to simultaneously analyse the amounts of eight phenlypropanoids in Xanthii Fructus.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.360-365
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to compare the amount of spinosin in the 70% ethanol extracts of non-processed Zizyphi Semem (ZS) and processed ZS by roasting using a high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with photodiode array detector. Separation of the spinosin was used $SunFire^{TM}$ $C_{18}$ analytical column ($5{\mu}m$, $4.6{\times}150mm$) using two mobile phase consisting of distilled water and acetonitrile, both with 1.0% (v/v) acetic acid. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and injection volume was $10{\mu}L$. Calibration curve of the spinosin was y = 22339.45x+483.99 in tested concentration range ($1.28-20.00{\mu}g/mL$) and correlation coefficient was 1.0000. In non-processed ZS sample, the amount of the spinosin was 0.94 m/g, while, the amount of the marker compound in processed ZS samples were 0.66-1.10 mg/g.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2008

A method for the quantification of eugenol in the medicinal herb Clove was developed and validated. For preparation of sample solutions clove was dried at $60^{\circ}C$ for 2h and ground by mixer and extracted with 95% ethanol for shaking extraction. The elutes were analyzed by HPLC system included a reversed phase column, a isocratic mobile phase of 60% methanol and PDA detector set at 280 nm. Calibration graphs were linear with very good correlation coefficients ($r^2>0.9999$) from $0.0125~1{\mu}g/ml$. The limit of detection per sample injection ($20{\mu}l$) was $0.81ng/{\mu}l$ and limit of quantification was $2.47ng/{\mu}l$. The method showed good intra-day precision (%RSD 0.08 ~ 0.27%) and inter-day precision (%RSD 0.32 ~ 1.19%).

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.337-341
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• 2011

An HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography)-PDA (photodiode array) detection method was established for the determination of naringin, hesperidin and neohesperidin in the fruit of Citrus paradisi and C. grandis. The flavonoids were separated in less than 20 min using an YMC RP 18 column with isocratic elution using acetonitrile and water (23 : 77, v/v) at a flow rate of 1 ml/min, and a PDA detector. The levels of naringin, hesperidin and neohesperidin were 1345.92, 950.62, and 2078.82 ${\mu}g/g$, respectively, in the peel, and 102.43, 59.13, and 86.68 ${\mu}g/g$, respectively, in the flesh of C. paradisi. In C. grandis, the levels of naringin, hesperidin and neohesperidin were 3530.56, 80.00, and 5.26 ${\mu}g/g$, respectively, in the peel, and 59.59, 7.43, and 38.41 ${\mu}g/g$, respectively, in the flesh. The total content was highest in the peel, reaching 0.44% and 0.36% in C. paradisi and C. grandis, respectively, while the flesh contained only 0.025% and 0.011%, respectively. Therefore, the peels of C. paradisi and C. grandis are necessary for the processing and utilization of flavonoids.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.226-231
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• 2017

Zingiberis Rhizoma (ZR, Zingiberaceae) is one of the foods for a long time and contains various biological activities including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-platelet activities. The present study was to compare the amount of 6-gingerol in the 70% ethanol extracts of non-processed ZR and processed ZR by roasting using a high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with photodiode array detector. The 6-gingerol was separated on a Gemini $C_{18}$ analytical column ($5{\mu}m$, $4.6{\times}250mm$) using two mobile phase consisting of distilled water and acetonitrile. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and injection volume was $10{\mu}L$. In non-processed ZR sample, the amount of the 6-gingerol was 0.43% and the amount of the marker compound in processed ZR samples by roasting were 0.16-0.55%.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.342-351
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• 2015

In this study, we performed quantitative determination of the three marker compounds such as gallic acid, ellagic acid, and quercetin in the 70% ethanol extracts of non-processed Sanguisorbae Radix and processed Sanguisorbae Radix using a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detector. The analytical column for separation of the three compounds was used a Gemini $C_{18}$ column ($5{\mu}m$, $4.6{\times}250mm$) by the gradient elution with distilled water and acetonitrile containing 1.0% (v/v) acetic acid as mobile phase. The flow rate and injection volume were $1.0{\mu}L/min$ and $10{\mu}L$. The concentrations of gallic acid, ellagic acid, and quercetin in non-processed Sanguisorbae Radix were 0.25, 0.26, and 0.007%, respectively, while the concentrations of gallic acid, ellagic acid, and quercetin in non-processed Sanguisorbae Radix 0.14-0.55, 0.27-2.03, and 0.001-0.007%, respectively. Among the three components, the amount of the ellagic acid was increased after processing in Sanguisorbae Radix.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.138-143
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• 2011

A high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for simultaneous determination of two major flavonoid glycosides (poncirin and nanringin) in Poncirus trifoliata Raf. by different harvesting times and locations for two years. A SunFire $C_{18}$ column (4.6 mm${\times}$250 mm, 5 ${\mu}M$) was used at $40^{\circ}C$ for the determination of poncirin and naringin. The mobile phase using gradient flow consisted of two solvent systems. Solvent A was 1.0% (v/v) aqueous acetic acid and solvent B was acetonitrile with 1.0% (v/v) acetic acid. Flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and injection volume was 10 ${\mu}l$. The chromatogram was monitored by photodiode array (PDA) detection at 280 nm for the identification of two flavonoid glycosides in P. trifoliata. The contents of the two components in P. trifoliata ranged from 0.32~13.02%.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.237-245
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• 2016

In present study, we conducted quantification analysis of phenolic compound (paeonol), monoterpene glycoside (paeoniflorin), and tannin ((+)-catechin in the 70% ethanol extracts of non-processed Moutan Radicis Cortex (MRC) and processed MRC by roasting using a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detector. Three marker components were separated on Gemini $C_{18}$ analytical column and the column was maintained at $40^{\circ}C$ using two mobile phase system consisting of 1.0% (v/v) aqueous acetic acid and 1.0% (v/v) acetic acid in acetonitrile. The flow rate and injection volume were 1.0 mL/min and 10 mL. In non-processed MRC sample, the concentrations of three marker compounds, (+)-catechin, paeoniflorin, and paeonol were 0.20, 1.18, and 2.12%, respectively. On the other hand, the concentrations of the three compounds in processed MRC samples were 0.03-0.24, not detected-1.08, and 0.76-1.82%, respectively.