• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.1048-1054
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• 2011

레이저 표면경화처리는 고밀도 에너지 열원에 의해 레이저 조사부위만 급속 가열한 후 표면의 열이 내부로 전도되어 급속히 자기냉각 됨으로써 표면을 경화시키는 방법이다. 이 표면처리 방법은 열처리에 의한 열변형이 거의 없고, 표면경화처리 이후 다른 공정을 수반하지 않는다. 또한 국부적인 가공이 가능하기 때문에 복잡한 형상을 가지는 금형에는 적합한 표면처리 방법이다. 본 연구에서는 열처리에 적합한 빔 프로파일을 가진 고출력 다이오드 레이저를 이용하여 금형재료용 주철의 표면처리를 실시하였다. 프레스 금형 공정에 따른 금형의 형상이 다르기 때문에 적용부위에 따라 시험편을 평면과 모서리부로 나누어 열처리를 실시하였다. 이때 모서리부의 열처리는 광학헤드를 $10^{\circ}$ 기울인 상태에서 진행하였다. 그 결과, 모서리부의 열처리는 평면부와 비교하여 형상에 따른 열전달 루트가 제한되므로, 입열이 집중되기 쉬워 평면 열처리보다 빠른 이송속도에서 경화가 이루어졌다.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.42-48
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• 2020

Titanium alloy has been in the spotlight as a core material in high-tech industries that require high strength and light weight because it has excellent strength and corrosion resistance and strength is higher than that of steel. Therefore, in various industries, existing steel products are intended to be replaced with titanium alloys. Titanium alloys can cause cutting tool breakage during cutting, and heat generated during cutting does not dissipate, accumulates in tools and workpieces, resulting in large wear and tear on thin workpieces. In addition, since titanium alloy is a metal with high chemical activity, the wear of the tool becomes more severe when the cutting speed is high, so machining of titanium bolt through cutting is very disadvantageous in terms of productivity. Therefore, the production of bolts using titanium alloys is being produced through a forging process to improve productivity and product quality. In this paper, hot forging molding analysis was performed on bolts used for fastening automobile parts using Ti-6Al-4V alloy, which is the most commonly used titanium alloy.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제29권10호
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• pp.665-670
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• 2016

Prevailing dissemination of machine tools and cutting technology have caused drastic developments of high speed dry machining with work materials of high hardness, and demands on the high-hardness-materials with high efficiency have become increasingly important in terms of productivity, cost reduction, as well as environment-friendly issue. Addition of Si to TiAlN has been known to form nano-composite coating with higher hardness of over 30 GPa and oxidation temperature over $1,000^{\circ}C$. However, it is not easy to add Si to TiAlN by using conventional PVD technologies. Therefore, Ti-Al-Si-N have been prepared by hybrid process of PVD with multiple target sources or PVD combined with PECVD of Si source gas. In this study, a single composite target of Ti-Al-Si was prepared by powder metallurgy of MA (mechanical alloying) and SPS (spark plasma sintering). Properties of he resulting alloying targets were examined. They revealed a microstructure with micro-sized grain of about $1{\sim}5{\mu}m$, and all the elements were distributed homogeneously in the alloying target. Hardness of the Ti-Al-Si-N target was about 1,127 Hv. Thin films of Ti-Al-Si-N were prepared by unbalanced magnetron sputtering method by using the home-made Ti-Al-Si alloying target. Composition of the resulting thin film of Ti-Al-Si-N was almost the same with that of the target. The thin film of Ti-Al-Si-N showed a hardness of 35 GPa and friction coefficient of 0.66.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.472-477
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• 2011

This paper shows the method of fabrication of a micro lens array comprised of a Nipkow disk used in a large-area, high-speed confocal microscopy. A Nipkow disk has two components, a micro lens array disk and a pinhole array disk. The microlens array focuses illumination light onto the pinhole array disk and redirects reflected light from a surface to a sensor. The micro lens which are positioned in order on a disk have a hemispheric shape with a few tens of micron in diameter, and can be fabricated by a variety of methods like mechanical machining, semiconductor process, replication process like imprinting process. This paper shows how to fabricate the micro lens array which has a long focal length by reflow and imprinting process.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.502-507
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• 2015

In this study, a microscale drilling process was conducted to evaluate the cutting characteristics of functionally graded materials. A mixture of M2 and Cu powders were formed and sintered to produce disk specimens of various compositions. Subsequently, a microscale hole was created in the specimen by using a desktop-size micro-machining system. By using design of experiments and analysis of variance, it was found that the M2-Cu composition, spindle speed, and the interactions between these two factors had significant effects on the magnitude of cutting forces. However, the influence of feed rate on the cutting force was negligible. A mathematical model was established to predict the cutting force under a wide range of process conditions, and the reliability of the model was confirmed experimentally. In addition, it was observed that increasing the wt% of Cu in an M2-Cu specimen increased the high-frequency amplitude of cutting forces.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제27권8호
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• pp.1287-1294
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• 2003

The wear process of end mill is so complicated process that a more reliable technique is required for the monitoring and controlling the tool life and its performance. This research presents a new tool wear monitoring method based on the sound signal generated on the machining. The experiment carried out continuous-side-milling for 4 cases using the high-speed-steel end mill under wet condition. The sound pressure was measured at 0.5m from the cutting zone by a dynamic microphone, and was analyzed at frequency domain. As the cutter impacts the workpiece surface, a situation of farced vibration arises in which the dominant forcing frequency is equal to the tooth passing frequency of the cutter. The tooth passing frequency appears as a harmonics form, and end mill flank wear is related with the first harmonic. It is possible to detect end . mill flank wear. This paper proposed the new method of the end mill wear detection.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2001

Ti-6Al-4V alloy can be obtained the stability of organization and product treasure, the evaluation of the cutting ability and the mechanical characteristics after the heat treatment of annealing, solution and aging. The difficulty in machining titanium alloy is how treat the heat generated during the process. Because the heat conductivity of titanium alloy is regardfully low, the heat generated during grinding is accumulated in workpiece. and it causes the increasing of grinding wheel grits' wear and makes the ground surface rough. So, these characteristics in grinding of titanium alloy will change the mechanical properties of the titanium alloy. From this study. the mechanical characteristics of annealed one and solution and aging one treated Ti-6Al-4V alloy after grinding was concerned with checking out the bending strength and hardness. For the result, both of bending strength and hardness were increased at the burned area on the surface. Roughness value was remarkably high at the table speed of 10m/min.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2008

In this study, machining characteristics of AIN-hBN composites were evaluated in end-milling process. As a first step, AIN-hBN composite specimens with various hBN contents were prepared using hot press method. Material properties of the composites, such as relative density, Young's modulus and fracture toughness, were measured and compared. Then, a series of end-milling experinients were performed under various cutting conditions by changing cutting speed, depth-of-cut and feed rate. Cutting force variations were measured using a tool dynamometer during the cutting experiments. Machined surfaces of the specimens were observed using SEM and a surface pro filer to investigate the surface integrity changes. The cutting force decreased with an increases of hBN content. The cutting process was almost impossible for monolithic AIN, owing to severe chipping. In contrast, at high content of hBN, surface damage and chipping decreased, and better surface roughness can be obtained.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제73권5호
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• pp.501-513
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• 2020

In the present work, the optimization of machining parameters to achieve the desired technological parameters such as surface roughness, tool radial vibration and material removal rate have been carried out using response surface methodology (RSM). The hard turning of EN19 alloy steel with coated carbide (GC3015) cutting tools was studied. The main problem faced in manufacturer of hard and high precision components is the selection of optimum combination of cutting parameters for achieving required quality of surface finish with maximum production rate. This problem can be solved by development of mathematical model and execution of experiments by RSM. A face centred central composite design (FCCD), which comes under the RSM approach, with cutting parameters (cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut) was used for statistical analysis. A second-order regression model were developed to correlate the cutting parameters with surface roughness, tool vibration and material removal rate. Consequently, numerical and graphical optimization were performed to obtain the most appropriate cutting parameters to produce the lowest surface roughness with minimal tool vibration and maximum material removal rate using desirability function approach. Finally, confirmation experiments were performed to verify the pertinence of the developed mathematical models.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.44-51
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• 2020

We studied the heating characteristics of a whirling spindle. This spindle is an important component of a whirling machine for turning a ball screw shaft. In the manufacturing process for a conventional ball screw shaft, a single tool is used to form a spiral in a lathe machine tool. Thereafter, a high-frequency heat treatment process is performed. Recently, a whirling-type cutting method has emerged. This method can perform hard turning in the rotating direction of the spiral portion of the ball screw shaft by rotating and mounting multiple tools. The whirling method can be applied to the heat-treated material. In this study, an experimental apparatus was constructed to analyze the whirling spindle. The experiment proceeded in four steps. The rotating speed of the whirling spindle was set to ISO random and sequential rising conditions. Cooling and non-cooling modes in the cooling jacket were tested. As a result of the above experiment, the heating characteristics of the whirling spindle were derived.