• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.35-57
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• 1990

This study was conducted to provide information useful in developing a nursing curriculum. The sample consisted of 158 nursing students in Hanyang University and 34 faculty members who has taught them in their college & the practical area. Data were collected by using a structured questionnaire, which consisted of general characteristics of the students & their self-concept, teacher's perception of student's professional roles. The results are summarized as follows; 1. General characteristics of the students When the students applied for the university, they decided what they would specialized in. Because the motive of application for their major was simply based on their high school records, they were admitted to their university without previous knowledge of their major. The reason why they wanted to tranfer to another course after the admission was the same as above. The level of satisfaction of their major was the highest in Freshman, but in other grades the higher the;, grades were, the more they satisfied with their major and they had a better prospects about their speciality. 2. Self-concept in profermance for their major Self-concept in horne aspects was more positive perception than in social aspects & self control aspects. It resulted from tile fact that all students were females and the nursing uniqueness was based on the spirit of humanity & service. The students who had graduated from the high school in rural area wanted to tranfer to another course and taken counsel their personal problems with their parents had higher self-concept in horne aspects. As their grades were higher, the self-concept in social aspects bacame higher. The students who were satisfied with their major and took counsel their personal problems with their parents had more positive self - concept in social aspects. Self-concept in self control aspects was lower than other aspects. The students who didn't take counsel their problems with their parents, were burdened with their educational expenses and their curriculum had more negative self-concept in self control aspects. Therefore the university should be concerned about student's welfare and provide detailed orientation about their curriculum. 3. Teacher's perception about learner's professional role The role model of democratic group leader, role models for learners facilitator in a students' reach for knowledge and teaching based on soundly researched theory showed more positive perception than other factors. Their mean values were over 4. 32. The professionalism of allnurshing area, reinforcement with reinforcement for learning, nursing as part of the meaningful context of the whole showed nagative perception. Their mean values were below 3. 00. Therefore the nurse as a teacher should try to promote the locus of nursing profession and participate in their research actively.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.251-262
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• 2006

This study investigates 628 high school students' math dislike tendencies by their math achievement levels. The findings show that, firstly, as the sample students' math achievement level decreases, the number of dislike factors increase. Secondly, students' math dislike factors are differentiated by their math achievement levels. Math high achievers show high math disliking tendency by teacher factor. Middle achievers show high math disliking tendency by complex application and relation factors. Low achievers show high math disliking tendency by comprehension factor. Finally the math disliking factors affecting the level of math achievement are influenced by schools and grades that students' attend. While math disliking factors such as comprehension factor, teacher factor, affection factor are generally present among sample schools, exceptionally JS high school students(high achieving students) are only affected by mentality factor. In addition, mentality factor affects the second grade students only. The implications of the study argue that students' math disliking tendencies could be systematically reduced by paying attention to such dependent variables students' achievement levels, grade, school characteristics, and independent variables including teacher, application, mentality, comprehension, and affection.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.41-45
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• 2013

유통 중인 양송이버섯의 등급별 품질규격을 조사하여 농산물표준규격의 내용을 개선하고 저장중 양송이버섯의 품질 변화를 조사하고자 하였다. A등급 자실체의 평균무게는 19.3g, B등급은 12.2g, C등급은 10.4이였다. 갓의 평균직경은 A등급이 43.3mm으로 가장 컸으며, B와 C등급은 차이가 없었다. 자루길이는 A등급에서 1cm 미만이 59%, 1cm 이상이 41%였으며 평균길이는 9.8mm였으며, B등급에서는 1cm 미만이 83%, 1cm 이상이 17%였고, 평균길이는 13.1mm, C등급에서는 1cm 미만이 77%, 1cm 이상이 23%였으며 평균길이는 11.6mm였다. 대굵기는 A등급이 20.3mm로 B등급 14.5mm, C등급 12.9mm에 비해 가장 굵었다. 대와 갓의 경도는 등급별로 뚜렷한 차이를 보이 않았다. 수확시 자루절단에 따른 중량감소 정도는 평균 절단길이 비율은 60.8%였고, 평균 중량감소율은 12.6%였다. 저장온도 및 기간별 품질변화는 갓직경이 저장 5일까지는 저장온도에 관계없이 대부분 3.5~4.5cm 정도로 크기변화는 거의 없었으나, $20^{\circ}C$에서는 저장기간이 길어짐에 따라 작아져 저장 15일에는 급격히 줄어들었다. 저장기간이 증가할수록 중량감소율은 증가하는 경향을 보였고, 높은 온도에서 저장한 양송이버섯보다 낮은 온도에서 저장한 양송이버섯의 증량감소율이 줄어들었다.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 12호
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• pp.37-45
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• 1970

1969년도 우리나라 제사공장의 공정관리 실태를 조사분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1 춘추잠기 공히 최성일을 포함한 5일간(최성일전후 각 2일)의 출하량이 전공판량의 약 80% 내외이고 최성일의 －3일까지 및 ＋3일이후의 출하량은 가각 10% 내외이다. 2. 생견의 운반도로상태는 92% 내외가 비포장도로이고 전공장이 구견량의 40% 내외를 40km이상되는 공판장에서 트럭으로 운반하고 있는 실정이므로 생견수송중의 격동에 의한 견질손상을 최소한으로 감소시킬 수 있는 생견의 새로운 포장방법이 청구되어야 할 것이다. 3. 전공장의 22%가 생사품위의 저하요인이 되고 있는 저온건조고만을 설치하고 있는 실정이드로 이들 공장에 대한 열풍건견기의 설치는 시급하다고 본다. 4. 원료견의 가일조제방법은 50% 내외가 정상(1.2.3.4등견), 정하(5.6등견)로 구분하고 있는바 우리나라의 견질성상으로 볼 때 정상(1.2등견), 정중(3.4 등견) 정하(5.6등견)로 구분하여 조제하는 방향으로 개선시켜야 될 것이다. 5. 선제견비율은 다조조사용이 10% 내외 자동조사용이 15% 내외로서 다조용보다 자동용이 높았으며 대 1인당 1일 선견능력은 약 80~100kg이었다. 6. 자견조건은 원료견의 해서가 불량할수록 자견시간 자견압력 및 자견온도가 높았으며 자동조사용 및 옥사조사용의 원료견은 다조조사용의 원료견보다 약자상태이었다. 7. 자동조사가 다조조사보다 1~2$^{\circ}C$의 저온에서 약 2배의 권취속도로 조사하고 있다. 8. 재조온습도는 실내가 $25^{\circ}C$, 67.2%RH 기내가 32.3$^{\circ}C$ 51.9% RH이었고 권취속도는 233m/min 대 1인당 담당창수는 7.5창이었으며 타래의 형태는 전공장이 배인이었다. 9. 제사용수의 용수원은 약 75%가 지하수이고 정수시설이 미비되어 있는 공장이 약 48%인바 이들 공장에 대한 정수시설의 완비는 시급한 과제이다. 10. 대부분의 공장이 자체검사시설로서 검위형, 무척기 Seriplane 검사시설을 보유하고 있다. 11. 진공삼투기는 전공장의 90%이상이 재조공정에서 약 20% 공장이 자견공정에서 활용하고 있다. 12. 제사공정에서 화학약제를 사용하는 공장은 약 21%에 불과하며 사용하는 약제는 대부분의 공장이 자견과정에서는 Seracol "100"을 재조과정에서는 Seracol "500"이었다. 13. 이상의 조사결과를 종합하여 볼 때 공정관리면에서는 각제사공장간에 큰 차이를 나타내고 있으므로 강습회 등을 통한 각공장간의 기술교류는 우리나라 제사업의 생산성을 제고시키는 한 요인이 될것이다.성을 제고시키는 한 요인이 될것이다.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.154-168
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to develop and validate the disaster safety awareness scale for high school students. For this purpose, the previously developed disaster safety awareness scale and related prior research was analyzed. Questionnaire data was collected from March 22 to May 25, 2021 from 1054 students (male: 569, female: 485) in the first, second, and third grades of 5 high schools in 3 cities. Through the process of revising, supplementing, and reviewing the items extracted through preliminary research and preliminary test together with experts and students, a final disaster safety awareness scale consisting of 24 items was developed. This scale consists of four sub-factors: 'disaster prevention', 'disaster response A', 'disaster response B', and 'disaster recovery'. Good reliability and validity were secured through exploratory and confirmatory analyses. The significance of this study is that it laid a basic and objective foundation for high school students' disaster safety awareness research by developing a validated scale in a situation where the development of disaster safety awareness scales for high school students was still insufficient. It can be used as useful data for fire safety education as well as a psychological measurement tool for fostering fire safety awareness.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.104-119
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• 2022

Life safety awareness level diagnosis is necessary for customized safety education and continuous safety awareness. As the starting stage of safety education for each life cycle, a scale that has verified the reliability and validity of high school students' life safety awareness has not yet been developed. In this context, the purpose of this study is to develop and validate the life safety awareness scale of high school students and to analyze interindividual differences. Questionnaire data was collected from April to June 2022 from 834 students in the first, second, and third grades of high schools in △△ city in Jeollabuk-do. A final 25-item scale was developed using the preliminary survey, preliminary test, the main test, descriptive statistical analysis, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. This scale consists of four sub-factors: 'safety prevention', 'safety knowledge', 'safety preparation', and 'safety protection'. Good reliability and validity were verified by analysis of content validity and construct validity. The generalizability of the scale was verified by crossover validation between the search group and the crossover group. Based on the interindividual differences analysis, although there was a difference between genders in life safety awareness, there was no difference by grade level and academic achievement. This study is significant in developing the first valid scale that can measure high school students' life safety awareness and providing the necessity and rationale for life safety education by life cycle considering individual gender differences.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.287-293
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• 2001

Objective : To investigate the efficacy of high infusion frequency of liquid nitrogen on pregnancy in human embryo after freezing and thawing. Materials and Methods: 150 infertile patients underwent 162 consecutive thawing-ET cycles. In the high infusion frequency group (Group A), 47 patients (50 cycles) underwent cryopreservation with high infusion frequency of liquid nitrogen. In the low infusion frequency group (Group B), 103 patients (112 cycles) underwent cryopreservation with low infusion frequency of liquid nitrogen. We analyzed the clinical characteristics, fertilization rates, development of embryo, good quality embryo ratio, implantation rates, and pregnancy rates between these two groups. Results: There was no difference between the groups with regard to clinical characteristics (mean age, infertility duration, infertility factors, hormone profile), mean number of oocyte retrieval, fertilization rates, and mean embryo number of transfers. The survival rates in group A was 64.9% (228 of 350 embryos), and among the 228 embryos 190 embryos (83.3%) which progressed to the two- to eight-cell stage. After thawing, the embryo numbers were 65 (34.2%), 29 (15.3%), 35 (18.4%), and 37 (19.5%) of grades 1, 2, 3, and above 4, respectively. The survival rates in group B was 63.8% (482 of 755 embryos), and among the 482 embryos 465 embryos (96.5%) which progressed to the two- to eight-cell stage. After thawing, the embryo numbers were 106 (22.8%), 94 (20.2%), 89 (19.1%), and 112 (24.1%) of grades 1, 2, 3, and above 4, respectively. There was no difference in embryo quality change after the freezing-thawing procedure between the groups. Implantation rates (31.1% vs. 34.3%) were not significant. However hCG positive rates in group A (40%) were higher than group B, but not statistically significant. Clinical pregnancy rate (26% vs. 25.9%), on going pregnancy rates (>20 weeks) were not significant (26% vs. 25%). Conclusion: We compared embryo quality change, survival rates, and pregnancy rates between high infusion frequency group and low infusion frequency group and the results were similar between the two groups. Therefore, high infusion frequency of liquid nitrogen for cryopreservation is a worthy method to preserve in human embryos.

• 접착 및 계면
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.60-64
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• 2006

In modern vehicle construction the search for means of weight reduction, improving durability, increasing comfort and raising body stiffness are issues of priority to the design engineer. The intelligent usage of many materials such as high strength steel, light-alloys and plastics enables a significant vehicle weight reduction to be achieved. The classical joining techniques used in the automobile industry need to be newly-evaluated since they often do not present workable solutions for such mixed-material connections, for example aluminium/steel. Calculation/simulation methods have made progress as a key factor for broader and more cost-effective implementation of structural bonding. This will lead to reduction of spotwelds and accelerate the car development. A special focus of the paper is the use of high strength steel grades. It will be shown that adhesive bonding is a key tool for yielding the potential of advanced high strength steel for low gauging without compromising the stiffness. The latest status of adhesive development has been described. Improvements with physical strength and glass temperature as well as of process relevant properties are shown. Also the situation regarding occupational hygiene is treated, showing that by further spotweld point reduction the emission around the working area can be even lowered against the current praxis. High performing lightweight design cannot longer do without high performing crash durable adhesives.

• 한국비블리아학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.207-228
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• 2014

본 연구는 고등학생을 대상으로 전방향 독서법을 적용한 독서토론 프로그램을 실시한 후 학생들의 인성 및 사회성 변화에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 파악하고자 수행되었다. 이를 위하여 충주에 위치한 고등학교 1학년과 2학년 학생을 대상으로 독서토론 프로그램을 실시하고 사전검사와 사후검사를 실시하였다. 연구결과, 토론 중심의 독서교육은 인문계 고등학생의 인성과 사회성 발달에 효과적인 것으로 나타났다.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.125-129
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• 2008

Results of corrosion testing for different grades of titanium, copper, zinc, alluminium alloys and steels after two years of outdoor exposure under humid tropical urban and marine conditions have been presented and discussed. Mass loss and corrosion product characteristics for the exposed specimens at Hanoi testing site with high humidity and Nhatrang marine stations (at 100 and 1,000 meters distances from sea) with different airborne salinities (35.9 and $90.0mg/m^2.d$ respectively) have been selected for investigation. From time dependence of the specimen mass loss and corrosion product characteristics, the strong influence of environmental parameters upon durability for the investigated metals and alloys has been demonstrated. Only titanium alloys show high resistance to the marine conditions. All the other specimens (copper, zinc, alluminium alloys and steels) have been underwent strong deterioration under influence of aerosol salinity. Results of corrosion products analysis have been also presented for characterization of environmental impact on the metal degradation processes.