• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.75-86
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• 2015

As a part of integrated study for technical communication between consumer and manufacturer of functional clothing, functional clothing consumers were categorized based on their perception of the functional outdoor jacket and the differences in the source of information and use of hang-tag were examined according to the groups. Questionnaire survey was conducted on 472 males and females in their 20s to 60s, who have experience of purchasing functional outdoor jackets. Perception of functional outdoor jackets was classified into four factors ('functionality', 'price', 'experience/knowledge' and 'brand/design') and the respondents were categorized into three groups according to the factors: 'unconversant/brand & design pursuing group', 'conversant/function pursuing group' and 'high-priced products preferring group'. 'Unconversant/brand & design pursuing group' was composed of high rate of office workers and students in their 20s and 30s who use internet most frequently as source of information while 'conversant/function pursuing group' was composed of high rate of professionals in their 40s and 50s who make the most frequent use of information on hang-tag. 'High-priced products preferring group', which has high rate of the elderly in their 60s and housewives, obtain their information mainly from salespersons. 'Unconversant/brand & design pursuing group' was satisfied with functional information more than other two groups and 'conversant/function pursuing group' concerned for the hang-tag and required more explanation of terminology used in hang-tag. The results effectively explained the features of consumer groups and their different responses toward the information of functional outdoor jacket.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.153-167
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• 2014

In this study, changes in the timing of puberty physicality and mentality and beauty characteristics of high school students were characterized for high school students and the general high school population in order to distinguish between interest and beauty and beauty products and beauty behavior for comparative analysis. First, for beauty characteristics of high school students and the general high school population, differences in beauty action and beauty characteristics of high school students were higher than this beauty behavior. Secondly, for the high school students and high school beauty characteristics of general high school population for beauty and beauty products, the difference between interest and multi-functional beauty products that characterize high school students has beauty and beauty products with multi-functional beauty products interest being high. Third, high school students and high school beauty characterize the general high school population of beauty is different from behaviors on its factors with common factors including the psychological gratification 'for reasons of appearance management looks for reasons that do not' have time to manage the response. Two groups of factors that characterize the differences in appearance and beauty as areason to manage high school students interested in the 'style' order, high school students do not manage reasons for lack of interest in the 'general' as a response. Beauty characteristics of high school students in the beauty, beauty products, and products demonstrated a multi-functional information gathering with lots of attention, and much ability can have an active beauty behavior. The general high school population lacks the ability to gather information in accordance with interested beauty behavior being passive. The two groups and beauty behavior patterns of consumption could see that a difference occurred.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.645-654
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• 2013

This study investigated the difference of reference price, preference and quality perception of high functional underwear according to innovation cues. High functional underwear was selected as a research stimulus due to its technological innovative characteristics. A total of 93 male university students participated as subjects and data were collected by simple random experimental design operationalized with three types of innovation stimulus cues. Two types of internal reference price perception-expected price and fair price, preference, and 9 items of product quality perception-8 functional properties and overall quality of stimulus were measured with a questionnaire. The result supported the difference of reference price and quality perception by product innovation cue. The higher cue level group perceived two types of reference price and the overall quality higher than the lower cue level group. The difference of the expected price and fair price, the influence of functional properties on overall quality, and relations of the variables were discussed in depth.

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2008.12a
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• pp.161.1-161.1
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• 2008

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.82-88
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• 2005

Treatment methods of mandibular condylar fracture were conservative and surgical method. Surgical method of mandibular high condylar fracture was very difficult because approach and internal fixation of small size fracture fragment were difficult. So there is a tendency to select conservative method over surgical method for guiding a stable occlusion and avoiding TMJ disorder and growth disturbance, minimizing pain and deviation during function. But, in case of mandibular high condylar fracture patient who has no biting teeth on posterior teeth area, guiding a stable occlusion and conservative functional treatment were very difficult. In this case, patient was 62years old male. He had fracture of mandibular symphysis, right mandibular body, left mandibular high condyle. We treated the patient for mandibular symphysis and right mandibular body fracture area with surgical method. But left mandibular high condylar fracture area was difficult to treat with surgical method. So we selected a conservative functional method on left mandibular high condylar fracture area. We intended recovery of vertical dimension and stable occlusion with implantation of immediate provisional implant on maxillar and mandibular posterior teeth area, and temporary crown. And then patient did mandibular functional movement and his mandibular function was recoverd.

• Quantitative Bio-Science
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.73-79
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• 2018

As high frequency (HF, for short) time series is now prevalent in the presence of real time big data, volatility computations based on traditional ARCH/GARCH models need to be further developed to suit the high frequency characteristics. This article reviews realized volatilities (RV) and multivariate GARCH (MGARCH) to deal with high frequency volatility computations. As a (functional) infinite dimensional models, the fARCH and fGARCH are introduced to accommodate ultra high frequency (UHF) volatilities. The fARCH and fGARCH models are developed in the recent literature by Hormann et al. [1] and Aue et al. [2], respectively, and our discussions are mainly based on these two key articles. Real data applications to domestic UHF financial time series are illustrated.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.170-174
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• 2007

High-throughput subcellular imaging is a powerful tool for investigating the function of genes. In order to identify novel regulators of apoptosis we transiently transfected HeLa cells with 938 hypothetical genes of unknown function, and captured their nuclear images with an automated fluorescence microscope. We selected genes that induced greater than 3-fold increase in the percentage of apoptotic nuclei compared with vector-transfected cells. The full-length genes C10orf61, MGC 26717, and FLJ13855 were identified as candidate proapoptotic genes, and their apoptotic effects were confirmed by DNA fragmentation ELISAs and Western blotting for caspase-7 and PARP. We conclude that a subcellular image-based apoptotic screen is useful for identifying genes with proapoptotic activity.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.220-226
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• 2014

In the present report, the effects of blanching, steaming, and high temperature/high pressure processing (HTHP) on the amino acid contents of commonly consumed Korean root vegetables, leaf vegetables, and pulses were evaluated using an Automatic Amino Acid Analyzer. The total amino acid content of the samples tested was between 3.38 g/100 g dry weight (DW) and 21.32 g/100 g DW in raw vegetables and between 29.36 g/100 g DW and 30.55 g/100 g DW in raw pulses. With HTHP, we observed significant decreases in the lysine and arginine contents of vegetables and the lysine, arginine, and cysteine contents of pulses. Moreover, the amino acid contents of blanched vegetables and steamed pulses were more similar than the amino acid contents of the HTHP vegetables and HTHP pulses. Interestingly, lysine, arginine, and cysteine were more sensitive to HTHP than the other amino acids. Partial Least Squares-Discriminate Analyses were also performed to discriminate the clusters and patterns of amino acids.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.19-28
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• 2015

This study investigated final consonant error characteristics at word-medial position in children with functional articulation disorder. Data was collected from 11 children with functional articulation and 11 normal children, ages 4 to 5. The speech samples were collected from a naming test. Seventy-five words with every possible bi-consonants matrix at the word-medial position were used. The results of this study were as follows : First, percentage of correct word-medial final consonants of functional articulation disorder was lower than normal children. Second, there were significant differences between two groups in omission, substitution and assimilation error. Children with functional articulation disorder showed a high frequency of omission and regressive assimilation error, especially alveolarization in regressive assimilation error most. However, normal children showed a high frequency of regressive assimilation error, especially bilabialization in regressive assimilation error most. Finally, the results of error analysis according to articulation manner, articulation place and phonation type of consonants of initial consonant at word-medial, both functional articulation disorder and normal children showed a high error rate in stop sound-stop sound condition. The error rate of final consonant at word-medial position was high when initial consonant at word-medial position was alveolar sound and alveopalatal sound. Futhermore, when initial sounds were fortis and aspirated sounds, more errors occurred than linis sound was initial sound. The results of this study provided practical error characteristics of final consonant at word-medial position in children with speech sound disorder.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.63.1-63.1
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• 2012

In recent years, the functional inks for printed electronics that can be combined with a variety of printing techniques have attracted increasingly significant interest for use in low cost, large area, high performance integrated electronics and microelectronics. In particular, the development of solution-processable conductor, semiconductor and insulator materials is of great importance as such materials have decisive impacts on the electrical performance of various electronic devices, and, therefore, need to meet various requirements including solution processability, high electrical performance, and environmental stability. Semiconductor inks such as IGO, CIGS are synthesized by chemical solution method and microwave reaction method for TFT and solar cell application. Fine circuit pattern with high conductivity, which is valuable for flexible electrode for PCB and TSP devices, can be printed with highly concentrated and stabilized conductor inks such as silver and copper. Solution processed insulator such as polyimide derivatives can be use to all printed TFT device. Our research results of functional inks for printed electronics provide a recent trends and issues on this area.