• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.309-318
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• 2009

고지방식이로 고지혈 및 비만이 유도된 흰쥐에서 브로콜리 싹 에탄올 추출물 투여로 인한 혈 중 지질대사 개선 및 지방조직의 항비만효과에 미치는 영향에 대하여 조사하였다. 5주령 된 흰쥐 수컷 36마리를 1주일간 적응시킨 후 정상 식이군(ND), 고지방식이군(HFD), 정상식이와 브로콜리 싹 에탄올 추출물 저용량 병합 투여군(ND-BSL), 정상식이와 브로콜리 싹 에탄올 추출물 고용량 병합 투여군(ND-BSH), 고지방식이와 브로콜리 싹 에탄올 추출물 저용량 병합 투여군(HFD-BSL) 및 고지방식이와 브로콜리 싹 에탄올 추출물 고용량 병합 투여군(HFD-BSH)으로 나누어 4주간 사육하였다. 고지방식이로 증가되어진 체중증가량은 브로콜리 싹 에탄올 추출물 고용량 병합 투여로 유의하게 감소되었으며, 정상식이군(ND)과는 비슷한 수준으로 저하되었다. 고지방 식이군들(HFD, HFD-BSL 및 HFD-BSH)이 정상식이군들 (ND, ND-BSL 및 ND-BSH)에 비하여 식이섭취량은 낮았으나, 식이효율은 높게 나타났다. 간조직의 무게는 실험 군간에 유의차가 없었으나, 부고환 및 장간막지방조직의 무게는 고지방식이를 급여한 흰쥐에게 브로콜리 싹 에탄올 추출물을 고용량 병합 투여한 경우에는 고지방식이에 비하여 유의하게 저하되었다. 고지방식이로 증가되어진 혈청 중의 ALT 및 AST 활성, 중성지방, 총콜레스테롤 및 LDL-콜레스테롤 함량, 심혈관위험지수와 동맥경화지수도 브로콜리 싹 에탄올 추출물 고용량 병합 투여로 감소되었다. 혈청 중의 ALP 활성은 실험 군 간에 유의차가 없었다. 혈청 중의 HDL-콜레스테롤 함량은 정상식이군(ND)에 비하여 고지방식이군(HFD)이 유의하게 감소하였으나, 정상식이 혹은 고지방식이를 급여한 흰쥐에게 브로콜리 싹 에탄올 추출물을 투여하였을 경우에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 고지방식이로 증가되어진 간조직과 장간막지방조직 중의 총콜레스테롤 함량은 브로콜리 싹 에탄올 추출물 병합 투여로 저하되었다. 지방조직 중의 HR-LPL과 TE-LPL 활성 모두 정상식이군 (ND)에 비하여 고지방식이군(HFD)이 증가하였고, 브로콜리 싹 에탄올 추출물 고용량 병합 투여한 모든 군은 고지방 식이군(HFD)에 비하여 유의하게 감소되었으나 정상식이군 (ND)과는 비슷한 활성을 나타내었다. 특히 브로콜리 싹 에탄올 추출물의 효과는 고용량 병합 투여군이 저용량 병합투여군에 비하여 더 좋은 효과를 나타내었다. 혈청 및 조직 중의 지질 함량 변화는 정상식이군들(ND, ND-BSL 및 ND-BSH) 간에는 유의차가 없었다. 따라서 고지방식이를 급여하면서 브로콜리 싹 에탄올 추출물을 병합 투여 시에만 효과가 있는 것으로 여겨진다. 이상의 결과 브로콜리 싹 에탄올 추출물이 체중 및 지방조직의 무게 감소와 더불어 혈청지질 개선 효과와 LPL 활성을 저하시켜 고지혈증 예방효과와 지방축적 억제 효과가 있는 것으로 사료되나 브로콜리 싹 추출물의 어떤 성분이 콜레스테롤 저하효과 및 비만을 억제시킬 수 있는지는 보다 자세한 연구가 요구된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.766-775
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• 2011

We investigated the effect of high molecular weight polygamma- glutamic acid (hm ${\gamma}$-PGA) on adiposity and lipid metabolism of rats in the presence of an obesity-inducing diet. Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either a normal-fat (11.4% kcal fat, NFC) or high-fat (51% kcal fat, HFC) diet. After 5 weeks, half of each diet-fed group was treated with hm ${\gamma}$-PGA (NFP or HFP) for 4 weeks. The HFC group had significantly higher body weight, visceral fat mass, fasting serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and leptin, and lower serum HDL cholesterol level compared with those of the NFC group (p < 0.05). Treatment with hm ${\gamma}$-PGA decreased body weight gain and perirenal fat mass (p<0.05), fasting serum total cholesterol, and mRNA expression of glucose-6- phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), regardless of dietary fat contents (p < 0.01). However, hm ${\gamma}$-PGA increased serum HDL cholesterol in the HFC group (p < 0.05). In vitro, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme-A (HMGCoA) reductase activity was suppressed by the addition of hm ${\gamma}$-PGA. In agreement with observations in animal study, the supplementation of hm ${\gamma}$-PGA (150 mg/day) to 20 female subjects in an 8-week double-blind, placebocontrolled study resulted in a tendency to decrease total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol concentrations. We thus conclude that dietary supplementation of hm ${\gamma}$-PGA may act as a hypocholestrolemic agent, secondary to its inhibitor effect on HMG-CoA reductase, and decrease abdominal adiposity by decreasing hepatic lipogenesis. The present study is an important first step in establishing the effect of hm ${\gamma}$-PGA on cholesterol levels in rats and humans.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.352-358
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• 2003

신령버섯 균사체 배양액이 고지방식이를 섭취한 숫쥐의 성장률, 장기무게, 지질 농도, 단백질 농도 및 효소활성에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자, 생후 7주령의 흰쥐 (255.3 $\pm$ 20.2 g)에 표준식이를 급여한 정상군, 표준식이에 15% 돈지를 첨가한 식이를 급여한 고지방군, 고지방 식이에 신령버섯의 균사체 배양액을 음료수에 20% 및 30%로 혼합 급여한 군 (20% 및 30% 신령버석군) 등 4군으로 나누어 5주간 사육한 결과는 다음과 같다. 실험동물의 체중증가량, 식이섭취량 및 식이효율, 그리고 간, 신장, 비장 및 췌장의 무게는 고지방군과 20% 및 30% 신령버섯군이 비슷한 수준을 유지하였다. 부고환지방은 정상군에 비하여 고지방군 및 신령버섯군들이 유의하게 증가되어 신령버섯 섭취에 따른 감소효과는 나타나지 않았다. 혈청의 총 콜레스테롤, 중성지질, LDL-콜레스테롤, HDL-콜레스테를 농도 및 glutamic pyruvic transaminase 활성은 고지방군에 비해 30%신령버섯군이 유의하게 감소되었다. 간의 콜레스테롤과 중성지질 농도는 고지방군과 20% 및 30% 신령버섯군이 비슷한 수준으로 감소효과가 나타나지 않았다. 총 콜레스테롤에 대한HDL-콜레스테롤의 비율은 고지방군에 비해 30%신령버섯군이 유의하게 증가되었다. 혈청의 단백질, 혈색소 및 혈당 농도, 동맥경화지수와 alkaline phosphatase 활성은 정상군과 각 실험군이 비슷한 수준을 유지하였다. 혈청의 glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase 활성은 고지방군과 20% 및 30% 신령버섯군이 비슷한 경향이었다. 이상의 결과로 보아 고지방식이를 급여한 흰쥐에 신령버섯 균사체 배양액을 30% 급여시 체중증가량과 장기 무게는 정상수준을 유지하였고, 혈청의 총 콜레스테롤, 중성지질 및 LDL-콜레스테를 농도를 낮추고, 총 콜레스테롤에 대한 HDL-콜레스테롤의 비율을 증가시키는 효과가 나타났다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.58-63
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• 2005

Commonly used spices in Korean cooking (red pepper powder, garlic, ginger) were evaluated for anti-obesity properties and effects on triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol in blood and adipose tissues in rats fed a high fat (20%) diet. SD rats were raised for four weeks on either a normal diet (ND, based on the AIN-93M diet), high fat diet (HFD, supplemented with 16% lard oil in the ND), or diets containing 5% red pepper powder (RPP), garlic or ginger. These spices significantly decreased weight gain compared to HFD, but garlic and ginger showed a greater effect on reducing weight gain than RPP. The weights of liver and epididymal and perirenal fat pads in garlic and ginger diet groups were lower than those of the HFD groups (p < 0.05). The garlic and ginger also decreased triglyceride and cholesterol contents in liver and epididymal and perirenal fat pad, reversing the higher levels seen in HFD. RPP, garlic and ginger supplemented diets were effective in lowering serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels (p< 0.05). These results indicated that garlic and ginger more effectively suppressed the effects of HFD on body fat gain and lipid values of adipose tissues and serum than RPP.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.105-112
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• 2003

This experimental study was designed to investigate the effects of Seunggijoui-tang on the weight of obese rats induced by high fat diet. A series of experiments have been conducted in order to measure the effects of above the body weight, serum and fat cell. The measurements have been performed on; (1) the increasing amount of body weight; (2) the quantity of total cholesterol, triglyceride, free fatty acid, total lipid, phospholipid, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in serum; (3) the size of the epididymal fat cell and the fat drops area in hepatic lobule. In the SG I (Group fed high fat diet and administered 42.5mg/100g extract of Seunggijoui-tang during 8 weeks), the weight decreased significantly throughout the whole research period. In the SG I & SG II (Group fed high fat diet and administered 85mg/100g extract of Seunggijoui-tang during 8 weeks), the serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, total lipid, phospholipid, LDL-cholesterol decreased significantly in comparison with control group. In the SG I, the serum free fatty acid decreased significantly in comparison with control group. In the SG I & SG II, the serum HDL-cholesterol decreased in comparison with control group, but this result showed no efficacy. In the SG I, the epididymal fat cell decreased significantly in comparison with control group. In the SG II, the fat drops area in hepatic lobule of rats decreased significantly in comparison with control group. Based on the above result, it is assumed that the clinical application of Seunggijoui-tang can help the treatment of obesity.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.108-113
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• 2005

This study was performed to investigate the growth rate, hematological and serological changes of the rats when they were fed with the high fat diets supplemented with or without the tannic acid for five weeks. Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley male rats(235.7\pm10.7g\;of\;body\;weight)$ were randomly divided into four groups, control group and three treatment groups(T1, T2 and T3). Rats in control group were fed with the high fat diet containing $15\%\;lard,\;1\%$ cholesterol and $0.5\%$ sodium cholate(wt/wt) which was modified from the formula of American Institute of Nutrition (AIN)-76 diet and rats in treatment groups were fed with above diet supplemented with $0.25\%(T1),\;0.5\%(T2)$ or $0.75\%(T3)$ of tannic acid(wt/wt), respectively. The supplementation of tannic acid(TA) did not affect the final body weight, gain of body weight and feed intake of rats in both control and treatment groups. The numbers of red blood cells, hemoglobin concentrations and hematocrit values in blood of rats showed no significant differences between control group and treatment groups. The glucose concentration and albumin/globulin(A/G) ratio of rats in treatment groups were slightly lower than that of control group without significance. The values of total protein, albumin and globulin showed no significant differences between control group and treatment groups. The values of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein­cholesterol and atherogenic index in sera of rats in treatment groups were much lower than that of control group without significance. The values of triglycerides in sera of rats in T3 group were significantly lower than that of control group (p<0.05). The values of AST and ALT in sera of rats in T3 group were significantly lower than that of control group (p<0.05). Thus supplementation of tannic acid to high fat diet could be effective to reduce the serum lipid levels such as total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol and triglycerides which were regarded as to cause the cardiovascular diseases.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2005년도 생물공학의 동향(XVII)
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• pp.791-792
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• 2005

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.1012-1021
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• 2016

This study investigated the effects of Wolbiga-banha-tang (WBBT) on high fat diet-induced rats. We divided the rats into 4 groups: normal (fed a general-fat diet), control (fed a high-fat diet and no treatment), $WBBT{\times}1$ (fed a high-fat diet and 250 mg/kg of Wolbiga-banha-tang extracts), and $WBBT{\times}2$ (fed a high-fat diet and 500 mg/kg of Wolbiga-banha-tang extracts). We measured the body weight, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, free fatty acids, total lipids, AST, ALT, and CBC in the serum of the obese rats for 7 weeks. There was a significant decrease in the control group, $WBBT{\times}1$, and $WBBT{\times}2$ in triglycerides and free fatty acids. The results suggest that WBBT is effective for lowering triglycerides and free fatty acids. Therefore, WBBT may be applied to the treatment of lipid metabolism in obesity and further clinical studies are needed.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.501-506
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• 2016

BACKGROUNG/OBJECTIVES: Corn silk (CS) extract contains large amounts of maysin, which is a major flavonoid in CS. However, studies regarding the effect of CS extract on cholesterol metabolism is limited. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of CS extract on cholesterol metabolism in C57BL/6J mouse fed high-fat diets. MATERIALS/METHODS: Normal-fat group fed 7% fat diet, high-fat (HF) group fed 25% fat diet, and high-fat with corn silk (HFCS) group were orally administered CS extract (100 mg/kg body weight) daily. Serum and hepatic levels of total lipids, triglycerides, and total cholesterol as well as serum free fatty acid, glucose, and insulin levels were determined. The mRNA expression levels of acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT), cholesterol 7-alpha hydroxylase (CYP7A1), farnesoid X receptor (FXR), lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), low-density lipoprotein receptor, 3-hyroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase), adiponectin, leptin, and tumor necrosis factor ${\alpha}$ were determined. RESULTS: Oral administration of CS extract with HF improved serum glucose and insulin levels as well as attenuated HF-induced fatty liver. CS extracts significantly elevated mRNA expression levels of adipocytokines and reduced mRNA expression levels of HMG-CoA reductase, ACAT, and FXR. The mRNA expression levels of CYP7A1 and LCAT between the HF group and HFCS group were not statistically different. CONCLUSIONS: CS extract supplementation with a high-fat diet improves levels of adipocytokine secretion and glucose homeostasis. CS extract is also effective in decreasing the regulatory pool of hepatic cholesterol, in line with decreased blood and hepatic levels of cholesterol though modulation of mRNA expression levels of HMG-CoA reductase, ACAT, and FXR.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.1339-1348
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• 1999

In present study possible hypolipidemic effects of garlic were investigated in an experimental model which consisted of 4 groups of Wistar rats(three weeks old): CO group received a basal diet(as a standard diet) contained 6.3% of corn oil. LO group was taken the experimental diet in which only 6.3% corn oil in basal diet was substituted by 12.6% of lard oil. So the experimental diet was somewhat high saturated fat diet. LG1 group was treated orally with garlic juice as 1% of raw garlic in the diet together with the same diet as the diet for LO group. LG2 group was taken 2% of garlic under the same dietary condition as that of LG1 group. The rat body weights prior and posterior to the experimental period were measured and the amount of the experimental dietary intake was determined at every 3 day interval. After the experimental dietary period of 30 days the blood obtained from all the sacrificed rats were analyzed for the biochemical parameters. Over the one month period of experiment there was no abnormality or apparent change in appearance and activity or diet consumption in all experimental rat groups. LO group fed a diet rich in lard showed significantly increased body weight gain rate by 30% and also elevated levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol by 29.9%, 27.4% and 62.3% respectively and no significant difference in the levels of HDL cholesterol, GOT, GPT, blood glucose and blood urea nitrogen as compared to those of control group. So it seemed that the high calorie diet in LO group mainly contributed to the significant increase in body weight gain rate and other biochemical parameters. In spite of 1% garlic treatment LG1 group had significantly increased body weight gain rate by 25.2%, levels of triglyceride, total choesterol and LDL cholesterol by 25.2%, 24.6% and 50.5% respectively as compared to control and LO group, and no increase in the levels of HDL cholesterol, blood glucose and blood urea nitrogen. At garlic 1% diet there was no hypolipidemic efficacy in rat serum. Under the treatment with garlic 2% in diet LG2 group showed significantly increased body weight gain rate by 19.7% as compared to control and elevated levels of GOT, GPT and BUN by 85.8~96.4%, 127~148% and 88% respectively as compared to control, but LG2 group had significantly reduced levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol as compared to LOand LG1 group. In present study there were no significant change in HDL cholesterol and blood glucose value. In LG2 group GOT, GPT and blood urea nitrogen values were slightly increased presumably due to the inhibiting effects of garlic on the hepatic or renal function of rats. Nevertheless in this study garlic may have some demonstrable hypolipidemic effects in rat.