• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.41-51
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• 2008

Objectives : This study is to evaluate Effect of Inhibition Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor(MIF) activation by Hominis Placenta Herbal Acupuncture(HPA) on Rheumatic Arthritis(RA). Hominis Placenta is the placenta of healthy human, which is vital-strengthening medical stuff. In recent years, Hominis Placenta applied to chronic diseases because it makes us more resistance to diseases. Therefore it is supposed that HPA is effective on RA, a kind of autoimmune disease. When RA is induced, MIF is activated, too. MIF affects the process of inflammatory disease including RA. Methods : In order to investigate the effect of Hominis Placenta extraction on MIF(early RA inducing cytokine) and MMP(Matrix Metallo Proteinase)-9 mRNA expression by means of Reverse Transcriptase- Polymerase Chain Reaction(RT-PCR). In this study, we investigated the effect of Hominis Placenta extraction on MIF(early RA inducing cytokine) and MMP-9 mRNA expression by means of RT-PCR. Besides we investigated changing of MIF in synovial membrane and, Interleukin-6 receptor(IL-6R)-$\alpha$(pro-inflammatory cytokine), Signal transducers and activators of transcription(STAT)-3, MMP-9 after treating mouse, which is artificially attacked with RA, with HPA on its $ST_{35}$, LE201 in vivo. Results : 1. As a result of treating Lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated Raw246.7cell with HPA, MIF(RA related cytokine) and MMP-9 mRNA expression is reduced in vitro. And this reaction is concentration-dependatant. 2. In synovial membrane of the mice treated with HPA, inhibition of MIF, IL-6R-$\alpha$, STAT3 & MMP-9 activation is observed in vivo. Conclusions : From the above results, it might be suggested that HPA mitigate tissue damage originated from RA, because it intercepts the early process of by inhibition MIF activity.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.21-35
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• 2006

Objectives : Herniation of Nucleus Pulposus(HNP) of Cervical is the most important reason that causes Cervical pain. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of Carthmi-Flos Herbal acua-acupuncture therapy for Cervical disc Herniation patients. Methods : To evaluate the effectiveness of Carthmi-Flos Herbal acua-Acupuncture Therapy, 20 patients were treated by Carthmi-Flos Herbal acua-acupuncture therapy. To estimate the efficacy of treatment, we used Quardruple Visual Analog Scale (QVAS). Results & Conclusion : 1. As a objectivity treatment record, they test treatment record good 35%, fair 35%, excellent 30%. 2. After Carthmi-Flos acua-acupuncture therapy, pain rate changed from 8.80 to 5.40 3. By the results which puts out the statistics in sex , a pain rate of male changed from 8.57$({\pm}1.51)$ to 2.71$({\pm}2.63)$, a pain rate of female 8.92$({\pm}0.95)$ to 3.77$({\pm}2.09)$. Intentional difference is none as a therapy. 4. By the results which puts out the statistics in age, after forties changed from 9.07$({\pm}0.88)$ to 3.80$({\pm}2.43)$ and before forties changed from 8.00$({\pm}1.58)$ to 2.20$({\pm}1.30)$. Intentional difference is none as a therapy. 5. By the results which puts out the statistics in Duration, pain rate of the acutest group changed from 8.36$({\pm}1.12)$ to 2.18$({\pm}1.08)$, pain rate of the subacute group changed from 9.80$({\pm}0.45)$, to 5.20$({\pm}2.68)$, pain rate of the chronic group changed from 8.67$({\pm}1.53)$ to 3.33$({\pm}1.53)$. Intentional difference is none as a therapy. 6. By the results which puts out the statistics in the reading of Lumbar MID, pain rate of the Bulging type changed from 9.00$({\pm}1.05)$ to 4.30$({\pm}2.67)$, pain rate of the Protruded type changed from 8.50$({\pm}1.00)$, to 3.50$({\pm}1.29)$, pain rate of the Extruded type changed from 6.00 to 1.00, pain rate of the Mixed type changed from 9.20$({\pm}0.84)$ to 2.00$({\pm}1.23)$, Intentional difference is none as a therapy.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2014

Objectives: This experiment was conducted to examine the toxicity of Water soluble Carthmi-Flos herbal acupuncture (WCF) by administering a single intramuscular dose of WCF in 6-week-old, male and female Sprague-Dawley rats and to find the lethality dose for WCF. Methods: The experiment was conducted at Biotoxtech according to Good Laboratory Practices under a request by the Korean Pharmacopuncture Institute. This experiment was performed based on the testing standards of "Toxicity Test Standards for Drugs" by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. Subjects were divided into 4 groups: 1 control group in which normal saline was administered and 3 test groups in which 0.1, 0.5 or 1.0 mL of WCF was administered; a single intramuscular dose was injected into 5 males and 5 females in each group. General symptoms and body weights were observed/measured for 14 days after injection. At the end of the observation period, hematological and clinical chemistry tests were performed, followed by necropsy and histopathological examinations of the injected sections. Results: No mortalities were observed in any group. Also, symptoms, body weight, hematology, clinical chemistry and necropsy were not affected. However, histopathological examination of the injected part in one female in the 1.0-mL group showed infiltration of mononuclear cells and a multi-nucleated giant cell around eosinophilic material. Conclusion: Administration of single intramuscular doses of WCF in 3 groups of rats showed that the approximate lethal dose of WCF for all rats was in excess of 1.0 mL, as no mortalities were observed for injections up to and including 1.0 mL.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.29-43
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• 2003

9Objective : We carried out this experimental study in order to investigate the effect of Chaenomelis Fructus(木瓜) extract and herbal-acupuncture on the arthritis induced by injecting Freund's complete adjuvant Method : 1. We categorized SD-rats into five groups as followings. (1) Control: Without any Treat (2) Treat I: treated by acupuncture (3) Treat II: treated by drinking 5% saline (4) Treat III: treated by drinking Chaenomelis Fructus(木瓜) extract (5) Treat IV: treated by Chaenomelis Fructus(木瓜) herbal-acupuncture 2. We established ten items for decision of experimental results as followings Edema rate, Pain endurance, WBC, Hemoglobin, Platelet, Total protein, Albumin, Globulin, RA factor, CRP Results : The groups that showed significant effects compared with Contol group were explained as followings. 1. Edema rate : Treat I , Treat III 2. Pain endurance : Treat I, Treat IV 3. WBC : Treat IV 4. Hemoglobin : Treat III 5. Plat99elet : Treat IV 6. Total protein : Treat I, Treat IV 7. Albumin : None 8. Globulin : Treat I, Treat IV 9. RA factor : Treat I, Treat IV 10. CRP : Treat IV Conclusion : Observing above experimental results, we can guess that the effects of acupuncture and Chaenomelis Fructus(木瓜) herbal-acupuncture on Freund's adjuvant arthritis are more superior than other ways. In addition, we can find that the latter is more better than the former in effect by two items(platelet, CRP).

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.127-137
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of $Clematidis$ radix herbal-acupuncture solution, on collagen, adjuvant, lipopolysaccharide and phospholipase A2 induced rheumatoid arthritis in mice. Methods : Arthritis index was measured for mouse that was injected subcutaneously in solution mixed chicken type II collagen with Freund's complete adjuvant. We injected Freund's complete adjuvant into right posterior part of the sole of a ICR mouse foot, which was measured by plethysmometer. The solution mixed $CRHS$ with Tris-HCI, $CaCl_2$, substrate, enzyme was done a chemical action for thirty minutes, and then inhibitory activity of PLA2 enzyme was expressed with inhibition percentage by utilizing isolated arachidonic acid. COX-2 was induced by adding LPS to RAW 264.7 cell, and COX-2 activity was measured by western blot analysis and $PGE_2$ Biotrak kit. Results : $CRHS$ also inhibited Freund's complete adjuvant induced chronic rheumatoid arthritis in mice. $CRHS$ showed significant inhibition of type I and type II $PLA_2$ activities in a dose dependent manner. Furthermore, $PGE_2$ production was decreased with $CRHS$ and lipopolysaccharide-induced COX-2 protein expression was significantly inhibited by $CRHS$. Conclusions : These results suggest that $CRHS$ has an therapeutic effect on drug induced-rheumatoic arthritis by inhibiting $PLA_2$ and COX-2 activities.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.151-163
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• 2007

Objectives : Juglandis Semen herbal acupuncture solution(JSS) has a broad array of clinical applications in oriental medicine, including treatment of chronic musculoskeletal diseases such as arthritis. This study was performed to investigate the global gene expression profiles using microarray assay in RAW 264.7 cell line treated with JSS and to advance our understanding of the pharmacologic effect of JSS. Methods : Change of the gene expression profile in RAW cell line following treatment with lipopolysaccharide(LPS) alone, or with LPS plus JSS was investigated with a cut-off level of 2 fold change in the expression. Especially, Change of the gene expression by treatment with LPS alone was compared with that by treatment with LPS plus JSS with a cut-off level of 1/2 fold change in the expression. Results: Of the 8170 genes profiled in this study, 51 were upragulated and 21 downregulated following LPS treatment, and 88 were upregulated and 69 downregulated following costimulation of JSS and LPS. Of the 51 genes upregulated following LPS treatment, 10 were downregulated following costimulation of JSS and LPS. Of the 21 genes downregulated following LPS treatment, 3 were upregulated following costimulation of JSS and LPS. Conclusion : JSS treatment induced upregulation of some genes including IL-10 and downregulation of that including MMP13 with its possible implication in an antiinflammatory action of JSS. However, further research on expression profile changes induced by JSS treatment is expected.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.61-73
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• 2013

Objectives : This study was designed to evaluate the effects of Phaseoli Semen Herbal-acupuncture(PS-HA) at $KI_{10}$ in acute nephritis induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) in rat. Methods : The rats were divided into 5 groups, which were control, LPS, PS-HA, NP and saline group. LPS, PS-HA, NP and saline groups were given LPS to induce acute nephritis and control group did not receive LPS. LPS group did not receive any treatment after the onset of acute nephritis. PS-HA, NP and saline group received PS-HA, normal acupuncture, and saline injection at $KI_{10}$ three times per week, respectively. To evaluate the effect of PS-HA at $KI_{10}$, the complete blood count, BUN, creatinine, TNF-${\alpha}$, and CINC-1 in serum were measured. To show its effect on renal function, creatinine, and total protein in urine was measured as well as urine output. The level of myeloperoxidase in renal tissue was quantified and complete histology was done in kidney samples obtained from the rats. Results : PS-HA group showed a significant reduction in the proportion of WBC and neutrophil, serum BUN, TNF-${\alpha}$, and CINC-1 compared to LPS group. Furthermore, a significant increase in urine output and a decrease in urinary creatinine level, MPO in renal tissue, and number of neutrophils at glomerulus was observed in PS-HA group compared to LPS group Conclusions : PS-HA at $KI_{10}$ was shown to have a significantly effect on treating LPS induced acute nephrits. Therefore, future study is needed to further evaluate the clinical usefulness of PS-HA at $KI_{10}$ in treating acute nephritis.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.73-83
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• 2012

Objectives : This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Junci Medulla Herbal-acupuncture(JM-HA) at $KI_{10}$(Umgok) on nephritis induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) in rats. Methods : Rats with nephritis induced by LPS, were treated with JM-HA at $KI_{10}$ 3 times a week. The rats in the NP group and the saline group were treated with a needle prick and a saline injection respectively. To evaluate the effects of JM-HA at $KI_{10}$ on nephritis in rats, WBC, neutrophils in blood, BUN, creatinine, TNF-${\alpha}$ in serum, creatinine, total protein in urine and renal MPO were measured. Results : JM-HA at $KI_{10}$ significantly inhibited the increase of WBC and neutrophils in blood, BUN, creatinine, TNF-${\alpha}$ in serum, and MPO in kidney of LPS-stimulated rats. Conclusion : JM-HA at $KI_{10}$ has therapeutic effects on nephritis in LPS-stimulated rats. Therefore, it is suggested that JM-HA at $KI_{10}$ may be a useful therapy in clinical field after further researches.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.45-49
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• 2005

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of Hominis Placenta Herbal Acupuncture(HPA) combined with Acupuncture compared with Acupuncture therapy. Methods : Data was collected from October 1st 2004 to February 28th 2005. A total of 8 women participated in this study. Of all subjects, 4 and 4 subjects were assigned to the experimental and the control group respectively. Subjects were treated three times a week. We used Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) for evaluating the effects of HPA. Results : There showed statistically boardline significance between the experimental group and control group(p=0.057). Conclusion : The results showed HPA has significant effects on menstrual cramps.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.842-844
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• 2003

Miller Fisher syndrome is characterized by ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and areflexia and develops after respiratory tract viral infection. Other events are GI tract infection, vaccination, digitalis intoxication, insect bite and delivery. Diagnosis of Miller Fisher syndrome can be made with clinical history taking, cardinal symptoms and normal findings of CT or MRI. We have experienced a case of Miller Fisher syndrome and treated with herbal medicine, eletro-acupuncture at paralytic external ophthalmic muscles. We enforced electro-acupuncture for 10 minutes daily. We used the PG-306 electro-acupuncture products(Suzuki Iryoki Co. Japan) and applied the low consequence wave of 1-8Hz. In 3 months, all the main symptoms disappered and the patient improved in health. Based on this experience, herbal medicine and eletro-acupuncture can be applied to the Miller Fisher syndrome.