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The Oriental and Occidental bibliographic Study of Psoriasis (乾癬에 對한 東.西醫 文獻的 硏究)

  • Kim, Nam-Kwen;Hwang, Chung-yeon;Lim, Gye-sang
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.154-178
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    • 1999
  • Psoriasis is the recurrent disease of skin and till now its mechanism, pathogenesis and treatment are not clearly discovered. So, like these papers, we must investigate more safety and effective treatment of psoriasis. And I obtained the following condusions from the Oriental and Occidental bibliographic investigation. 1. In Oriental medicine. Baikbi, Pungsun, Eunselbyong, Songpisun, Baikselpung were the other names of Psoriasis. 2. In Occidental medicine, genetic factors, aggravation and inducible factors, biochemical factors, immunologic factors, disorder of epidermal kinetics, vascular malformation of dermis were cosidered to the pathogenic factors of psoriasis. 3. In Oriental medicine, the pathogenic factors of psoriasis were divided two parts. One is exogenous pathogenic factors which including the blood-heat, blood dryness, blood stasis, deficiency of liver and kidney, inharmony of impulsive and appointed pulsation, deficiency of blood. The other is exogenous pathogenic factors which including the wind-evil, wind-wetness, wind-heat, wind-cold, wetness-heat, cold-wetness, heat-evil. 4. In Occidental medicine, external applicative medicine, internal medicine, ultraviolet therapy, ultraviolet - external applicative medicine compound therapy and etc. were used the therapy of psoriasis. 5. In Oriental medicine, clean away heat and cooling blood, aliment the blood and moisturize, activating blood and expelling blood stasis, harmonize and invigorate the liver and kidney, invigorate the kidney, aliment the blood and moisturize the skin, aliment the blood and expelling the wind, expelling the wind and wetness, clean away heat and expelling wind, expelling the wind and scatter the cold, clean away heat and expelling the wetness, heat up the meridian and scatter the cold, clean away heat and remove the toxin and etc. were used the method of internal therapy of psoriasis. 6. Until Qing dynasty, wind expelling effective prescriptions like Bangpungtongsungsan, Sopungsan. Supungsunkisan and etc. were used and recently Yanghyelgeupungtang, Hwalhyelgeupungtang, Samultanggagam and etc. were used the internal therapy of psoriasis. 7. In the external therapy of psoriasis, Yuhonggo, Pungyugo, Sekryupiyeongo were used the plaster therapy and Folium Rerillae, Camphora, Fructus, Xanthii, Herba Spirodelae compound prescription were used the cleansing therapy, Okgisan, Chiunsan, Galmyogo, Hobunsan, Muisan, Madugo, Jeyugohengin were used the rubbing skin therapy. Rangdok Radix Aconiti, Bijeonilchoalkwang were used the attaching therapy, the extract of Rhizoma Et Radix Veratri was used the spreading pouder therapy. 8. In the acupuncture therapy of psoriasis, the Jelgol, chok Samni(S36), Kansa(P5), Haegye(S41), Wijung(B40) and etc. were used the acupuncture point, and the angle of helix incision threapy that disinfect and cut the angle of helix and plaster the Semen Glycine and Squama Manitis were used.

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Effect of Herbal Extracts Mixtures on Antioxidant System in Chronic Enthanol-treated Rats

  • Kim, Mok-Kyung;Won, Eun-Kyung;Choung, Se-Young
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.226-234
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    • 2006
  • Disturbance of antioxidant system is very common in chronic alcoholics and herbal or natural products with antioxidant activity have been used for its treatment. This study was to investigate the effect of Vitis vinifera extract(V), Schisandra chinensis extract(S), Taraxacum officinale extract(T), Gardenia jasminoides extract(G), Angelica acutiloba extract(A) and Paeonia japonica extract(P), and their combinations on the antioxidant and ethanol oxidation system. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to Lieber-DeCarli ethanol liquid diet(ED) and were then given different herbal extract mixtures for 6 weeks including VST(V 100+S 150+T 150mg/kg/day), VSG(V 100+S 150+G 150mg/kg/day), VTG(V 100+T 150+G 150mg/kg/day), and VAP(V 100+A 150+P 150mg/kg/day). When the activity of alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase(ALDH) were compared between ED only group and herbal extracts treatment group, the differences were statistically significant. Phase I and II(glutathione-S-transferase, phenol sulfatransferase) enzyme activities were found to be significantly higher in the VAT treatment group compared to the ED group. Herbal extracts not only repressed the ethanol-induced elevation of malondialdehyde level, but also protected against ethanol-induced decrease in glutathione content, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase activities. The administration of the herbal extracts was found to be effective in eliminating lipid-peroxides induced by long-term consumption of alcohol by activating various enzyme systems and physiological active compound formation system. After a chronic consumption of alcohol, Angelica Radix protected the liver via activating the ethanol-metabolism enzyme system, and Paeoniae Radix via activating the ethanol-metabolism enzyme and the phase I, II-metabolism enzyme system. Taraxaci Herba was also effective in liver protection via activating the ethanol-metabolism enzyme system and the phase I, II-metabolism enzyme system, Gardeniae Fructus via activating the phase II-metabolism enzyme system and the anti-oxidation system enzyme, and Schisandra Fructus and a grapestone via activating the anti-oxidation system. Our data suggest that these herbal extracts may be useful as a health functional food or new drug candidate for fatty liver and hepatotoxicity induced by chronic alcohol consumption.

A Literature Study on the Korean Acupuncture for the Treatment of Stroke (국내침구서적의 중풍치료에 관한 문헌 연구 - $\ll$치종지남(治腫指南)$gg$$\ll$동의보감(東醫寶鑑)$gg$$\ll$침구경험방(鍼灸經驗方)$gg$$\ll$교감 사암도인침법(校勘 舍岩道人鍼法)$gg$의 비교연구 -)

  • Han, Chang-Hyun;Park, Sang-Young;Ahn, Sang-Young;Kwon, Oh-Min;Ahn, Sang-Woo
    • Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.145-163
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    • 2009
  • Background : Stroke occurrences are prevalent and require intensive care for its treatment and rehabilitation. Acupuncture has been widely used in Korea throughout the history and provides an efficient method in the treatment of it. Objectives : To establish a distinctive and efficient acupuncture method for the treatment of stroke based in literature research. Method : We reviewed four Korean medical literature, $ll$治腫指南Guide to Swollen Sore Treatment$gg$, $ll$東醫寶鑑Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine$gg$, $ll$鍼灸經驗方Experiential Prescriptions of Acupuncture and Moxibustion$gg$, and $ll$舍岩鍼法Essential Rhymes on Acupuncture and Moxibustion by Master Sa-am$gg$, and analyzed the therapeutic characteristics in the treatment of stroke. Result : 1. In $ll$治腫指南Guide to Swollen Sore Treatment$gg$, various types of treatment can be found. Besides acupuncture, cupping, moxibustion with moxa tube, and bath therapy using Duchesneae Indicae Herba and Sal was applied. Needling in sublingual and vocal region, and also points like GB20, GB31, LI15, BL60, GV20, GV20, TE4, GB39, LU5, ST36, GB30 were frequently inserted. 2. In $ll$東醫寶鑑Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine$gg$, moxibustion treatment were in top priority. Points like GV20, LI15, LI11, GB31, ST36, GB39, LI4, GB20 pertinent to Governor, Conception, Gallbladder, Large Intestine, and Stomach meridian were most frequently needled. Selection of adjacent point was widely applied. 3. $ll$鍼灸經驗方Experiential Prescriptions of Acupuncture and Moxibustion$gg$ has some similarity compared to $ll$東醫寶鑑 Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine$gg$ in considering the moxa in top priority. But selected points far from the disease site. Main points were LI4, ST36, GB39, PC5, GV20, LI11, LR3, BL40, HT7. 4. $ll$校勘 舍岩道人鍼法Essential Rhymes on Acupuncture and Moxibustion by Master Sa-am$gg$ having the same content orders with $ll$鍼灸經驗方Experiential Prescriptions of Acupuncture and Moxibustion$gg$, it may had some influence from it. But the differences are also apparent. It emphasized in using mother-supplementing child-draining method, experiential prescriptions and visceral pattern identification. Conclusions : We could find various efficient methods through literature research of medical classics. This will not be limited in stroke alone but also will be applied in other diseases. This study will concurrently result in establishing distinctive therapeutic method characteristic of Korea.

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Monitoring of Sulfur Dioxide Residues in Commercial Herbal Medicines at Domestic by Geographical Origins (원산지별 국내 유통 한약재의 이산화황 잔류실태 조사)

  • Lee, Ah Reum;Jang, Seol;Lee, A Yeong;Choi, Goya;Kim, Ho Kyoung
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.152-157
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    • 2014
  • This study was carried out to investigate the residual sulfur dioxide residues ($SO_2$) in commercial medicinal herbs in Korea in 2013. Among a total of 116 samples of 11 different kinds of herbs, 71 samples (11 Kinds) were domestic, and 45 samples (10 Kinds) were imported. The residual contents of $SO_2$ in the samples were determinated by a modified Monier-Williams method. Of the 116 samples, 6 samples (5.2%, 4 Kinds) failed to meet the regulations for sulfur dioxide residues of KFDA in medicinal herbs. Among 6 unsuitable samples, 1 samples (1.4%) were domestic, and 5 samples (11.1%, 3 Kinds) were imported. The highest amount of sulfur dioxide residues was 1546.3 mg/kg (Lycii Fructus) in the domestic samples. Regardless of region, $SO_2$ contents were not found at Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, Citri Unshius Pericarpium, Eucommiae Cortex, Forsythiae Fructus, Gardeniae Fructus, Leonuri Herba and Lonicerae Folium et caulis. These data will be used as a basic data for the future legislation on the regulation and control of sulfur dioxide of herbal medicines.

In Vitro Antibacterial Effects of Yeonkyokeumpae-jeon against Escherichia coli (연교김패전(連翹金貝煎)의 Escherichia coli에 대한시험관내 항균력 평가)

  • Han, Sang-Kyum;Kim, Dong-Chul
    • The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.29-45
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    • 2015
  • Objectives: The object of this study was to observe the in vitro antibacterial effects of Yeonkyokeumpae-jeon (YKKPJ) have been used for treating various gynecological diseases including mastitis in Korea, and individual six kinds of herbal composition aqueous extracts - Forsythiae Fructus (FF), Millettiae Caulis (MC), Lonicerae Flos (LF), Fritillaria Thunbergii Bulb (FT), Taraxci Herba (TH) and Prunellae Spica (PS) against E. coli. Methods: Antibacterial activities against E. coli of YKKPJ, FF, MC, LF, FT, TH and PS aqueous extracts were detected using standard agar microdilution methods. In addition, the effects on the bacterial growth curve were also monitored at MIC and $MIC{\times}2$ levels. The effects on the intracellular killing and bacterial invasion of individual test materials were also observed using Raw 264.7 and MCF-7. The results were compared with ciprofloxacin, a second generation of quinolone antibiotics in the present study. Results: MIC of YKKPJ, FF, MC, LF, FT, TH, PS aqueous extracts against E. coli were detected as $0.039{\pm}0.013mg/ml$, $0.064{\pm}0.033mg/ml$, $0.108{\pm}0.053mg/ml$, $0.078{\pm}0.027mg/ml$, $16.250{\pm}8.385mg/ml$, $15.625{\pm}9.375mg/ml$, $0.254{\pm}0.131mg/ml$, repectively. YKKPJ, FF, MC, LF, FT, TH, PS aqueous extracts showed antibacterial effects against to E. coli, except for FT and TH, which were showed negligible antibacterial effects, respectively. In addition, ciprofloxacin with YKKPJ, FF, MC, LF and PS aqueous extracts also showed marked dosage-dependent inhibition of bacterial growth, and favorable inhibitory effects on the both bacterial invasion and intracellular killing assays using MCF-7 and Raw 264.7 cells were detected in this experiment. Conclusions: The results obtained in this study suggest that traditional polyherbal formula YKKPJ aqueous extracts showed more favorable antibacterial activities as compared to individual six kinds of herbal composition aqueous extracts. The antibacterial effects of YKKPJ against E. coli considered as results of complicated synergic effects of their six kinds of herbal components rather than simple antibacterial effects of single herbal components. It means, YKKPJ aqueous extracts may show potent anti-infectious effects against E. coil for mastitis.

Gangjihwan Improves Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in High Fat Diet-Fed C57BL/6N Mice (고지방식이 C57BL/6N 모델에서 강지환(降脂丸)의 농도별 비알콜성 지방간질환 개선효과)

  • Ahn, Ye Ji;Yoon, Ki Hyeon;Jo, Ju Heum;Jang, Du Hyon;Jung, Yang Sam;Kim, Jong Hoon;Kim, Byeong Chul;Seok, Hoa Jun;Yoo, Jae Sang;Ku, Ja Ryong;Yoon, Michung;Shin, Soon Shik
    • The Korea Journal of Herbology
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.47-54
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    • 2014
  • Objectives : This study was undertaken to verify the effect of Gangjihwan(Di-fatty, DF) composed with Pakistani Ephedra Herba on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) using high fat diet-fed male mice. Method : Eight-week old C57BL/6N mice were used for all experiments. Standard chow diet-fed mice were used as normal group and high fat diet-fed NAFLD mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: control, atorvastatin, DF(1), DF(2) and DF(3). After 8 weeks, mice were treated with water, atorvastatin(10mg/kg) and DF(40, 80, 160mg/kg) for 8 weeks. And we investigated body weight gain, plasma lipid and glucose metabolism, histological analysis for liver on the mice. Results : Compared with controls, DF-treated mice had very significantly lower body weight gain and lower visceral adipose tissue weight, the magnitudes of which were prominent in DF(3). Consistent with their effects on body weight gain, DF-treated mice had lower blood total cholesterol and triglyceride level compared with controls. Consistent with their effects on body weight gain and blood plasma lipid level, DF-treated mice had lower liver weight and hepatic lipid accumulation of DF-treated groups was significantly decreased than control group. Also Blood plasma AST, ALT and ${\gamma}$-GT concentration were not changed by DF, and these results may indicate DF do not show any toxic effects. Conclusions : These results suggest that DF effectively improves NAFLD. DF reduces liver weight and prevents lipid accumulation of hepatocyte by reducing body weight gain and modulating blood plasma lipid metabolism levels.

Gagam-Gongjin-dan Extract Attenuates Immune Responses to Ovalbumin in Balb/c Mice (Balb/c 마우스에서 Ovalbumin 면역반응에 대한 가감공진단(加減拱辰丹) 추출물의 억제효과)

  • Kim, Hong-Jun;Hwang, Sung-Yeoun;Mok, Ji-Ye;Hwang, Byung-Soon;Jeong, Seung-Il;Jang, Seon-Il
    • The Korea Journal of Herbology
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.127-135
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    • 2009
  • Objectives : Gagam-Gongjin-dan (GGD) composited with Cervi parvum Cornu, Corni Fructus, Angelica gigantis Radix, Lycii Fructus, Dioscoreae Rhizoma, Citri Pericarpium, Gastrodiae Rihzoma, Agastachis Herba, Cassiae cortkex, Scutellariae Radix, Schisandrae Fructus has been traditionally used for chronic diseases or weakness after illness in oriental countries. However, little is known about the effects of methanol extract of GGD on immune responses to ovalbumin (OVA) plus alum. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of GGD on immune responses to ovalbumin plus alum in Balb/c mice. Methods : In this study, the extract of GGD was prepared by extracting with methanol for 7 days. The extract was freeze-dried following filtration through vacuum distillation system. Mice were orally administrated with or without GGD extract of different doses (50-200 mg/kg/day) for 30 days. We examined the effects of GGD extract on the serum levels of total IgE, OVA-specific IgE, IgG1, IgG2a, and CTACK/CCL27 production and CCR10 expression in lymph node cells and body weight change and foot pad swelling responses in ovalbumin treated Balb/c. Results : The oral administration of GGD dose-dependently reduced the serum levels of total IgE, OVA-specific immunoglobulin (IgE, IgG1 and IgG2b) and CTACK/CCL27 production in ovalbumin treated BALB/c mice. The levels of CCR10 expression from lymph node cells of OVA treated mice were markedly suppressed by treatment with GGD in a concentration dependent manner. Furthermore, foot pad swelling responses were also markedly suppressed by GGD. However, body weight were significantly increased dose dependently by GGD treatment. Conclusions : These results suggest that GGD treatment suppresses immune responses to ovalbumin, and these properties may contribute to allergic disease care.

Antitumor Effects of Cistanchis Herba Aqueous Extracts on MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cell-Xenograft Athymic Nude Mice, through Potent Immunomodulatory Activities (유방암 세포(MCF-7) 이식 누드 마우스에서 육종용 열수 추출물의 항암 효과 평가)

  • Hyeon-Ji Hwang;Dong-Chul Kim
    • The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.1-22
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    • 2024
  • 목 적: 본 연구의 목적은 유방암 세포(MCF-7) 이식 누드 마우스 모델을 이용하여 육종용 열수 추출물의 면역활성 효과를 통한 항암 활성을 체계적으로 평가하는 것이다. 육종용 열수 추출물은 유방암 치료제로 자주 사용되는 대표적인 경구용 항암제인 tamoxifen 경구 투여군과 비교하여 분석 연구하였다. 방 법: 총 110마리의 6주령 암컷 누드 마우스를 준비하여, 7일간 적응 후 체중이 일정한 마우스를 선정하여 우측 둔부 피하부위에 MCF-7 세포를 이식하였다. 종양세포 이식을 한 지 20일 후, 종양 크기 및 체중을 기준으로 그룹 당 8마리씩 본 실험에 사용하였다. MCF-7 이종 이식 21일 후부터 매일 1회씩 35일간 육종용 열수 추출물을 10 ml/kg의 용량(400, 200 및 100 mg/kg)으로 경구 투여하였으며, tamoxifen 역시 10 ml/kg의 용량(20 mg/kg)으로 경구 투여하였고, 정상 및 종양 이식 매체 대조군에서는 멸균증류수만 종양 이식 21일 후부터 동일한 방법으로 35일간 경구 투여 하였다. 결 과: 본 실험의 결과, MCF-7 세포 이식을 함으로써 현저한 비장 및 하악하 림프절 무게, 혈중 IFN-γ의 함량, IL-1β 및 IL-10의 함량, 비장내 TNF-α, 비장세포 및 복강 대식구의 활성의 감소가 관찰되었고, 비장 및 하악하 림프절의 림프구 감소에 의한 조직병리학적 위축 또한 관찰되었다. 그리고 체중 및 증체량의 감소 역시 관찰되었으며, 혈중 IL-6 함량의 증가, 난소 주위의 지방 무게의 감소 및 조직병리학적으로 난소 주위의 축적 지방 조직 위축 현상이 인정되어, 종양 이식 후에 전형적인 종양과 관련된 면역억제와 악액질 현상이 유발된 것으로 판단되었다. 한편 육종용 열수 추출물 400, 200 및 100 mg/kg 경구 투여군에서는 종양 이식 대조군에 비해 유의성 있는 현저한 항암활성이 투여 용량 의존적으로 관찰되었다. 또한 tamoxifen 20 mg/kg 경구 투여군에서는 종양 관련 악액질 소견이 오히려 악화되는 반면, 육종용 열수 추출물 경구 투여군에서는 면역활성 및 악액질 억제 효과가 관찰되었다. 결 론: 본 연구 결과, 육종용 열수 추출물의 적절한 경구 투여는 심각한 부작용 없이, 종양 관련 악액질 소견을 포함하여, 효과적인 유방암 치료 수단을 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Combination of Natural Products Removing ROS for Growth Promoting Effects of the Useful Enterobacteria Lacobacillus sp. (ROS 제거기능을 갖는 천연산물로부터 장내 유용세균 Lacobacillus속의 성장을 촉진시키는 조합의 구성)

  • 김종덕;김민용;서효진;김봉조;김대현;김은옥;정해영;공재열
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.30 no.3
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    • pp.270-281
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    • 2002
  • The growth of Enterobacteria, Lactobacillus acidophilus and L. plantarum was promoted by natural products themselves bearing antioxidative capacity and combined two, three and four kinds of them.1. acidophilus was promoted by Paeonia japonica, Acori graminei rhizoma, Aurantii nobilis pericarpium, alone, and two mixed combinations were composed of Acori graminei rhizoma and Cinnamomi cortex, Aurantii nobilis pericarpium and Puerariae radix, and three mixed combinations were formed with Cimicifugae rhi- zoma, Cinnamomi cortex and Glycyrrhizae radix, and four mixed combinations were made up Glycyrrhizae radix, Theae folium, Scutellaria baicalensis george and Cinnamomi cortex. There four combination promoted growth of 1. acidophilus with 1.3 times than that of control, and their antioxidative capacity also higher than that off times, the ratio of elimination of hydroxyl radical was more than 70% in dilution rate of 100 times. In the case of 1. plantarum was premoted by Corm fructus, Nelumbo nuclfera gaertner Sophorae flos, alone, and two mixed combinations were organized with Schizandrae Iructus and Theae folium, Paeonia japonica and Epimedii herba, and three mixed combinations were combined with Corni fructus and Theae folium and Paeonia japonica, Corni fructus and Coptidis rhizoma and Schieandrae fructus, and four mixed combinations were composed of Corm fructus, Theae folium, Coptidis rhizoma, Scutellaria baicalensis george, and Corm fructus, Schizandrae fructus, Paeonia japonica, Theae folium. These four combinations assisted growth of 1. plantarum with 1.5 times than that of control, and their antioxidative capacity also higher than that of 4-5 times, the ratio of elimination of hydroxyl radical was more than 75% in dilution rate of 100 times. As these combinations of natural products could activate some parts of body, they might be applied pharmaceuitcal sources, functional foods, and expected to fermentative beverages.

A Literature Study of the Teeth (치(齒)에 대(對)한 문헌적(文獻的) 고찰(考察))

  • Gwak, Ik-Hun;Yun, Cheol-Ho;Jeong, Ji-Cheon
    • The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.146-177
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    • 1995
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the teeth and Zhang-Fu(臟腑), dental diseases, and the hygiene of the mouth through the literature of oriental medicine. First, the relatonship between the teeth and Zhang-Fu is reviewed as follows: The teeth are influenced by Shen(腎) because they are the end of bone and Biao(標) of Shen. Gingiva is related to Wei(胃) and Da-Chang(大腸) because it is passed by Yangming-Channel(陽明經). The growth and nutrition of teeth depends on Shen. The pathological condition of Shen causes the gingival atrophy, the loose of teeth, dedentition due to aging, withering of teeth, and tartar: whereas the pathological condition of Wei and Da-Chang causes toothache, gingivitis, inflamed gums, bad breath, and gingival hemorrhage. Second, the causes and therapies of dental diseases through the literature can be summarized as follows: The major causes of toothache are the pathogenic condition of wind-heat and wind-cold, the heat syndrome of Wei, the damp-heat of intestine, flaring-up of fire of deficiency type, rotten tooth, etc... The principal causes of dedentition and the shaking and loose of teeth are the deficiency of Shen, and the rest of causes are the damp-heat of Yangming. Gingival atrophy is caused by the deficiency of Shen, whereas the gingival hemorrhage comes from the factors in the pathogenic factor of wind-heat of Yangming-Channel, the heat syndrome of stomach, and the deficiency of Shen. The causes of grinding of teeth during sleeping are stomach-heat, and the delayed dentition and the withering result from the deficiency of Shen-Jing.(腎精) The principal therapies of toothache are removing wind and heat, clearing away heat and prompting diuresis, clearing away the stomach-heat, replenishing vital essence to tonify the Shen, relieving superficial syndrome by wind-cold, and alleviating pain by destroying parasites. For the prescription of the principal therapies, there are Xijio Dihuang Tang, Jiajian Ganlu Yin, Qufeng Wan, Qingwei San, Tiaowei Chenggi Tang Shengong Wan, Liangge San Qingwei Tang Yunu Jian, Liuwei Dihuang Wan Zuogui Yin Bawei Wan Wanshao Dan, Xixin San Badou Wan Gianghuo Fuzi Tang, Jiuzi Tang Badou Wan, etc... The therapies of dedentition and the shaking and loose of teeth are replenishing vital essence to tonify the Shen, and warming and recuperating the Shen-Yang: as the prescription, there are Liuwei Dihuang Wana Zuogui Yin, and Bawei Wan Anshen Wan Wanshao Dan Yougui Wan etc... The therapies of gingival hemorrhage are clearing away the stomach-heat, replenishing vital essence to tonify the Shen, warming and recuperating the Shen-Yang(腎陽), and moisturing and purging intence heat with the prescription of Tiaowei Chenggi Tang Xijiao Dihuang Tang, Liuwei Dihuang Wan Zuogui Yin, Bawei Wan Anshen Wan, and Yunu Jian. The therapy of gingival atrophy is replenishing vital essence to tonify the Shen in the prescription of Liuwei Wan Bawei Wan Ziyin Dabu Wan. The therapies of grinding of teeth during sleeping are clearing away the stomach-heat and purging intense heat, and invigorating the spleen through eliminating dampness in the prescription of Qingwei San, Wumei Wan, etc... The therapy of delaed dentition is replenishing vital essence to tonify the Shen with the prescription of Liuwei Wan Buyin Jian, etc... Third, clinical treatment reports of dental diseases are reviewed as follows: The toothache due to stomach-heat was treated by medical herbs like Gypsum, Natrir Sulfas, Rehmanniae, Schizonepetal Herba, Menthae Folium, Cimicifugae Rhizoma, and Scrophulariae Radix. The therapies of toothache due to flaring-up of fire in deficiency type from deficiency of Shen provided with replenishment of vital essence to tonify the Shen and clean ministerial fire, and the prescription was the kind of Liuwei Wan, which worked very well. The therapy of dedentition and loose of teeth due to deficiency of Shen was done to stablize the teeth as tonifing the Shen with the prescription of Guchi Wan. The rate of imrovement was over 90%. The destruction of periodontal tissue due to periodonititis was cured of dispelling wind, reducing heat, and alleviating pain, It was improved by taking Zizhi Xingiong Tang, Guchi Xiaotong San, Yunii Jian, and Qingwei San about 3-7 days, and the rate of improvement was over 80%. Fourth, the prevention and regimens are reviewed as follows: As a physical and breathing exercise of the teeth, tapping teeth which stimulates the circulation of Qi(氣) and Xue(血) had been used. The tapping time of 14, 17, 36, etc... has been reported, and it should be applied based on the body condition. The medical herbs for gargling and brushing teeth have been used. Specifically, Cimicifugae Rhizoma, Gypsum, Gypsum Fibrosum, and Indigo pulrelrata Lereis have been used to reduce heat, Coptidis Rhizama and Yang Jinggu to eliminate damp-heat, Amomi Semen, Cyperi Rhizoma, Flos Caryophylli, Asari Radix, Piperis Longi Fructus, Santali Albae Lignum, Meliae Fructus, Moschus, Aquillaiae Lignum, and Borneol to promote the circulation of Qi and to relieve pain, Ligustici Radix, Angelice Radix, Rhizoma Nardostachydis, Tribuli Semen to relieve superficial syndrome by means of diaphiresis, and Cnidii Rhizoma, Angelicae sinensis Radix, and Olibanum to promote blood circulation to stop pain.

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