• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.31-43
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• 1993

The influence of phenobarbital(PB) pretreatment(75mg/kg/day, Lp. for 4 days) on the hepatic clearance of indocyanine green(ICG) as a model compound of organic anionic drugs was investigated in rats in order to elucidate the relative contributions of change in the hepatic blood flow versus increase in the hepatic intrinsic activity to remove ICG due to PB pretreatment. ICG(1mg/kg) was injected single bolus via femoral or portal vein to the control and the PB-pretreated rats. The initial hepatic uptake clearance$(V_{d.c.}K_{12})$ obtained from plasma concentration-time data was increased by $38.4\% in the PB-pretreated rats, which may be due to the increased hepatic blood flow by PB pretreatment. Using a pharmacokinetic approach, hepatic blood flows were estimated of 67.5ml/min/kg in control rats and 91.9ml/min/kg in PB-pretreated rats. They were in good agreement with other's blood flow estimates observed experimentally. It may be concluded that the $38\%$ increased initial hepatic uptake clearance of ICG was due to the $36\%$ increased hepatic blood flow with phenobarbital, and that the increased hepatic blood flow and the activated hepatic intrinsic clearance with phenobarbital contributed to $49\%\;and\;51\%$ of the increased systemic clearance of ICG, respectively.

• 대한핵의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한핵의학회 1991년도 제30차 춘계학술대회
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• pp.159.1-159.1
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• 1991

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2010

본 논문은 생체간이식 전에 복부 MDCT(Multi-Detector Computed Tomography) 영상에서 이식편의 체적(the volume of right and left liver lobe)을 정확하게 계산하기 위하여 좌간과 우간을 나누는 방법을 제안하였다. 간이 추출된 영상에 해부학적인 좌간과 우간을 나누는 4점(하대정맥(Inferior Vena Cava)를 반으로 나눌 수 있는 중심점, 담낭와와 가까운 중간정맥(Middle Hepatic Vein)의 끝부분 한 점, 좌우문맥(Portal Vein) 분지부에서 한 점, 담낭와(gallbladder fossa)를 좌우로 나눌 수 있는 중심점)을 선택한다. 선택된 4점을 기준으로 좌간과 우간을 나누고 체적과 간 전체에 대한 좌우간의 비율을 계산한다. 계산된 체적의 정확성을 입증하기 위해 방사선과 의사가 수동으로 처리하여 계산한 체적과 함께 수술 중 획득한 실측무게와 비교하였다. 그리고 4점을 선택한 후 좌우간을 분할하여 체적을 계산하는 시간을 측정하여 수술실에서 실시간으로 처리 가능한 지의 여부를 확인하였다. 본 연구는 간이식에 참여하는 기증자와 수혜자의 안전을 보장하기 위하여 진행되었다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2021

The aim of this study was to evaluate the contrast effect if a saline flush following low-volume contrast medium bolus improves vascular and parenchymal enhancement using a saphenous vein in abdominal CT for small animals. Six clinically healthy beagle dogs underwent abdominal contrast-enhanced CT. They were divided into nine groups (each group, n = 6), according to the volume of contrast medium 1, 2, and 3 mL/kg, and volume of the saline solution 0, 5, and 10 mL. Dynamic CT scanning was performed at the hepatic hilum level. The maximum contrast enhancement, time to maximum enhancement, and time to equilibrium phase were calculated from the time attenuation curves. Mean attenuation values for all groups were measured in the aorta, portal vein, and liver. After contrast enhancement, grading of image quality regarding surrounding artifacts and evaluation of the hepatic hilum structures was performed. For comparison of the effect of the contrast material and saline solution doses, differences in mean attenuation values between the contrast medium 2 mL/kg without saline flush group and the remaining groups, and between contrast medium 3 mL/kg without saline flush group and the remaining groups, were analyzed for statistical significance. There were no significant differences between with and without saline flushing at the same contrast medium dose groups. There were no significant differences in peak values between the 3 mL/kg dose of contrast medium alone and the 2 mL/kg dose of contrast medium with saline solution flush. However, there was a significant difference in peak values between the 3 mL/kg dose of the contrast medium without the saline flush group and the 2 mL/kg dose of the contrast medium alone group. Grades of the artifacts were not significantly different in the saline flush regardless of the dose of the contrast medium. Using 2 mL/kg of contrast medium with saline solution flush resulted in similar liver parenchyma attenuation, compared with using 3 mL/kg of contrast medium without saline solution flush. In CT evaluation of hepatic parenchymal diseases, using 2 mL/kg of contrast medium with saline solution flush may yield decreased risk of contrast nephropathy and cost-saving.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제19B권2호
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• pp.123-126
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• 2012

본 논문은 생체간이식 전에 복부 MDCT(Multi-Detector Computed Tomography) 영상에서 간 이식편의 체적을 간단하고 정확하게 계산하기 위하여 좌간과 우간을 나누는 방법을 제안하였다. 본 알고리즘은 기증자와 수혜자의 안전을 보장하기 위하여 시스템과 의료진의 상호작업을 최소화 하여 의료진이 수술 전 이식편의 판단을 정확하게 처리할 수 있도록 하였다. 간이 추출된 영상에 좌간과 우간을 나눌 수 있는 2점(중간 정맥(MHV: Middle Hepatic Vein) 내부의 한 점과 좌우문맥(PV: Portal Vein) 분지부에서 한 점)을 선택한다. 선택된 중간정맥 내부의 점을 이용하여 중간정맥을 자동 인식한 후 중간정맥을 기준으로 절개선을 결정하여 문맥 분지부의 한 점을 연결하는 절개면을 형성한다. 좌간과 우간의 체적과 간 전체에 대한 좌우간의 비율을 계산한다. 계산된 체적의 정확성을 입증하기 위해 진단 방사선과 의사가 수동으로 처리하여 계산한 체적과 함께 수술 중 획득한 실측무게와 비교하였다. 실측무게와 수동으로 예측된 체적 사이의 오차에 대한 평균${\pm}$표준편차는 $162.38cm^3{\pm}124.39$이고, 실측무게와 2점을 이용하여 예측된 체적과의 오차에 대한 평균${\pm}$표준편차는 $107.69cm^3{\pm}97.24$이다. 실측무게와 수동으로 예측된 체적의 상관관계는 0.79이고, 실측무게와 2점을 이용하여 예측된 체적의 상관관계는 0.87이다. 그리고 2점을 선택한 후 좌우간을 분할하여 체적을 계산하는 시간을 측정하여 수술실에서 실시간으로 처리 가능한지의 여부를 확인하였다. 한 데이터세트($149.17pages{\pm}55.92$) 당 처리 시간의 평균${\pm}$표준편차는 $57.28sec{\pm}32.81$이다.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.127-137
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• 2006

Objective : This experiment was conducted to evaluate inhibitory effects against hepatic metastasis by cultivated wild ginseng Herbal Acupuncture. Methods : Colon26-L5 carcinoma cells were injected through hepatic portal vein to induce hepatic metastatic cancer. After treated cultivated wild ginseng Herbal Acupuncture and investigated various kinds of cytokine level using cytokine chip. Results : 1. Mice treated with cultivated wild ginseng Herbal Acupuncture reduced the level of $IL-l{\alpha}$, $IL-{\beta}$, and $TNF-{\alpha}$ compared to the control group. 2. Mice treated with cultivated wild ginseng Herbal Acupuncture was not showed significant change in the level of IL-4, IL-l0, IL-12 and $INF-{\gamma}$ compared to the control group. 3. Observing the level of various kinds of cytokine, cultivated wild ginseng Herbal Acupuncture was suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokine. These findings indicate cultivated wild ginseng Herbal Acupuncture is possible to use the inflammatory disease and futher studies carry out for the explanation of anticancer mechanism.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.295-302
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• 2007

This study was designed to examine the effects of fractions of ethanol extract of Benincasa hispida (wax gourd) on hepatic antioxidative status in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were induced diabetes mellitus by STZ injection (45 mg/kg) into the tail vein and were divided into 5 groups: normal, STZ-control, three experimental diabetic groups. Fractions of ethanol extract of Benincasa hispida were administered orally into the diabetic rats for 14 days. Hepatic glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) activity (determined with H$_2$O$_2$ as substrate) was increased in the groups supplemented with chloroform (CHCl$_3$) and butanol (BuOH) fractions. Glutathione peroxidase (GR) activity in the liver cytosol of H$_2$O fraction groups was significantly lower than that of STZ-control group. The H$_{2}$O fraction supplemented group has been shown the notably decrease in the hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. The hepatic cytosol catalase (CAT) activity was significant decreased by the supplementation with BuOH fraction. It was found from the results that the supplementation of BuOH and H$_2$O fractions of Benincasa hispida extract could be beneficial for the diabetic complications and damages from the lipid peroxidation.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.187-194
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pathologic results of hepatic parenchyma parameters such as liver parenchyma, liver surface, liver margin and liver, portal vein, spleen size, And to evaluate the usefulness of fibrosis progression and hepatic ultrasonography. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and prognostic value according to the stage of fibrosis and grade of inflammation were divided into two groups according to the morphologic variable "A" through ultrasound and "B" We evaluated the predictive value and predicted the variables to evaluate fibrosis in clinical diagnosis and treatment of patients with chronic liver disease. The sensitivity and specificity of hepatic fibrosis in hepatic morphologic variables and other size variables were highest in liver surface and edge. The morphologic parameters used in the evaluation of fibrosis were clinically relevant in distinguishing the fibrosis stage from the results of liver biopsy.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2015

이중에너지 기법을 이용한 복부 CT 검사에서 적정한 조영제 양에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 일반적인 단일에너지 복부 CT 검사를 시행했던 환자들 중 이중에너지 기법을 이용하여 추적검사를 시행한 30명을 대상으로 하였다. 단일에너지 복부 검사에서 사용했던 조영제 양 대비 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%로 각각 설정하여 영상을 획득한 후 대동맥, 하대정맥, 간문맥, 간실질에 관심영역을 설정하여 조영증강정도(hounsfield unit; HU)를 구하여 단일에너지에서 측정된 부위와의 값을 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과 기존대비 60%로 조영제를 설정한 군에서는 대동맥 HU : $210.80{\pm}13.609$, 하대정맥 HU : $190.40{\pm}25.215$, 간문맥 $198.40{\pm}21.232$, 간실질 HU : $119.20{\pm}7.98$로 각각 측정되었으며. 단일에너지 복부 CT 검사는 대동맥 HU : $205.40{\pm}16.426$, 하대정맥 HU : $188.20{\pm}21.476$, 간문맥 HU : $195.40{\pm}22.744$, 간실질 HU : $121.00{\pm}6.595$ 이었다. 따라서 이중에너지를 이용하여 복부 조영 CT검사를 시행할 때 조영제의 양을 60%로 설정한 후 검사하는 것이 각 장기에서의 단일에너지 조영검사시와 비슷한 조영증강정도를 획득할 수 있어 기존 조영제 양의 감소와 동시에 조영제를 낮은 속도로 주입할 수 있어 신장기능 저하환자, 정맥혈관이 약한 환자, 과거 조영제 부작용이 있었던 환자에게 유용한 검사라 사료된다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.345-359
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• 2003

A number of toxicants have been incriminated as a causing hepatic disease. Among many detrimental injury, alcohol has been noted for hepatitis, fatty liver, fibrosis, and hepatic cirrhosis. The purpose of this study was to develop animal model for hepatic fibrosis in pigs fed ethanol, and to search for a new anti-fibrogenic agent via this model. Twelve male Landrace pigs were divided into 3 groups of 4 animals each. Group 1, 2 and 3 were fed with active ceramic water only, ceramic water + liquid diet containing 15% ethanol and normal tap water + liquid diet containing 15% ethanol for 12 weeks, respectively. At week 12, all pigs were immediately sacrificed for collection each tissue and blood. Serologically, serum ALT and AST levels were significantly reversed in group 2, as compared to group 3. They were normal range in pigs of group 1. Microscopically, macrovesicular lipid droplets and moderate hepatocellular necrosis were evident in the tap water + ethanol fed group 3. However, the active ceramic water treated group 1 showed normal architecture. Moreover, in group 2, mild fatty changes and necrosis were observed in hepatocytes. Collagen fibers were increased in spaces surrounding periportal and interlobular connective tissues in the group 3 of tap water + ethanol, but collagen synthesis and its thickness of fibrotic septa connecting portal tracts were markedly reduced in the group 2 of ceramic water + ethanol. Myofibroblasts were detected mainly in the interlobular connective tissues of pig liver of group 3 treated ethanol and tap water. Few to no myofibroblasts were observed in groups 1 and 2. CYP2E1 was not or rarely detected in group 1 fed ceramic water. However, group 2 showed slightly activation of CYP2E1 in the area of pericentral vein, while CYP2E1 was significantly activated in group 3 fed tap water and ethanol. Based on the above data, we believe that we have developed a unique alcohol induced fibrosis model in pig, which will be useful in developing anti-fibrotic agents and drugs. Furthermore, the active ceramic water used in our study had an inhibitory and may be protective against ethanol induced hepatic toxicity and fibrosis.