• 대한한의학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.100-109
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• 2003

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to 1. measure the skin resistance of jeong-acupuncture points using compound electrode, and 2. develop a database of skin resistance based on age and gender. Methods : The skin resistance of jeong-acupuncture points on the hands and feet of 191 healthy volunteers was measured using a specially designed compound electrode. A constant current of $5{\mu\textrm{A}}$ was applied to the measurement points and the skin resistance was obtained using amplifier, A/D converter and Acknowledge software program, Results : 1. ANOVA statistical analysis showed no significant differences between jeong-acupuncture points on hands and feet. 2. Paired samples t-test showed no significant differences between Yin-Yang meridian points, 3. When the data were sorted by gender, factor analysis showed statistically significant differences between male and female groups in all measured points except for left foot. 4. Based on the factor analysis, a significant relationship between the skin resistance and age was found in feet. However, no such relationship was found in hands. Conclusions : There are differences in skin resistance according to sex and age, Further clinical research is necessary using compound electrode method.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2017

Purpose: Recent electrophysiological studies have shown that the sensorymotor cortex is activated during both actual action excuted by themselves and observation of action performed by other persons. Observation of action based on mirror neuron system can be used as a cognitive intervention to promote motor learning. The purpose of this study was to investigate the brain activity changes during action observation and action execution using EEG. Methods: Thirty healthy volunteers participated and were requested to perform hand action and to observe the video of hand action performed by another person. The EEG activity was evaluated by a method which segregated the time-locked for each condition. To compare the differences between action observation and execution, the Mu suppression and the relative band power were analysed. Results: The results showed significant mu suppression during the action observation and execution, but the differences between the two conditions were not observed. The relative band power showed a significant difference during the action observation and execution, but there were no differences between the two conditions. Conclusion: These results indicate that action execution and observation involve overlapping neural networks in the sensorymotor cortical areas, proposing positive changes on neurophysiology. We are expected to provide information related to the intervention of cognitive rehabilitation.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.20-31
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• 2017

Objectives: This study investigated the effect of SM-2015 on blood alcohol clearance and hangover. We undertook this study to test whether SM-2015 is effective in decreasing blood alcohol concentration and preventing the symptoms of alcohol-induced hangover. Methods: Twenty healthy volunteers participated in this randomized crossover study. All participants were classified between an SM-2015 intake group (test group) and a non-intake group (control group). The primary outcome measure was the difference in blood alcohol concentration and hangover severity scores between the test and control groups. The secondary outcome measure was the difference in a liver function test (LFT) between the test and control groups. Results: After alcohol exposure, the sensitivity scores of blood alcohol concentration and hangover symptoms (sleepiness, dizziness, nausea, weakness, stomach pain, diarrhea, and concentration disorder) were significantly decreased in the SM-2015 intake group compared with the non-intake group. There were no differences in the LFT results between the SM-2015 intake group and the non-intake group. Conclusions: SM-2015 is effective in decreasing blood alcohol concentration and preventing the symptoms of alcohol-induced hangover. Larger studies are required to confirm these findings.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.271-286
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical trial research trends in regards to the neurofeedback training (NFT) in Korean journals. Methods: We researched articles published in Korean journals from 2000 up to 2013 and were related to the NFT. We searched six electronic databases to find relevant articles, using the term 'neurofeedback'. Results: 1) 6 single group comparative studies and 31 randomized controlled trials were found. 2) Healthy volunteers and students were most frequently studied with neurofeedback training. Other studies included attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Poststroke, panic disorder, premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PDD), temporomendibular disorder (TMD), and obesity. NFT interventions were attempted in diverse training protocols and assessed with many different outcome measurements. 3) Most studies showed effective results after NFT. Conclusions: NFT is increasingly studied and used in various clinical fields. Also, there have been efforts to adopt NFT in Korean medical clinics and researches, and more rigorous and innovative studies are needed in the future.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.285-293
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• 2000

Objectives: We have accomplished a clinical research about counteracting the pesticides intoxication using oriental medical method and treatment. And we observed the preventive effect of Gamdu-tang(甘豆湯) to intoxication of Organophosphorus Insecticides. Material and Methods: The subjects were 8 volunteers who were healthy and not taking medications. we observed change of cholinesterase(ChE) activity in serum of them after exposed to pesticides Results and Conclusions : In this study of the preventive effects of Gamdu-tang(甘豆湯) on the intoxication of Organophosphate Insecticides, we evaluated that the decreasing value of ChE activity after spraying insecticides of Gamdu-tang medication group was smaller than non-medication group, but it was less significant(P>0.05 P<0.1). We had a difficult to gather participant in this study, so it's necessary for us to get together more larger group in the next study.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.131-135
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• 2017

Background: Neuromuscular ultrasound can be used to assess the diaphragm. Before it can be used clinically, the reference ranges of diaphragm thickness and contractility must be determined. Methods: We measured the thickness of the diaphragm and the diaphragmatic thickening fraction (DTF) in 80 healthy volunteers with ultrasound and collected their demographic information to determine if age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) influence these measures. Results: The thickness of the diaphragm at resting end expiration was $0.193{\pm}0.044cm$ on the right side and $0.187{\pm}0.039cm$ on the left. The DTF was $104.8{\pm}50.6%$ on the right side and $114.9{\pm}49.2%$ on the left. Sex, weight, height, and BMI significantly affected the thickness of the diaphragm, but had little effect on the DTF. Conclusions: Normal reference values for the diaphragm should be helpful when evaluating the diaphragm. The DTF appears more useful than resting diaphragm thickness because it is affected less by individual variation.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.157-163
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• 2005

The pellets with multiple drug release system (MDRS) of Diltiazem. HCl which consist of immediate drug release layer, drug reservoir layer and controlled release rate membrane, were prepared by using CF-Coater. As main factors for more effective MDRS of Diltiazem. HCl, ethylcellulose was used for the controlling drug release rate, and diethylphthalate was used for plasticizer, respectively. In vitro evaluation study was performed by comparative dissolution test between our test MDRS and reference Diltiazem. HCl preparation. The physical tests were performed using FT-IR and SEM. In vivo evaluation was also performed by observing the behavior of a plasma drug concentration after oral administration. The bioavailability was determined by analyzing the blood sample after oral administration to healthy, male volunteers once a day. As a result, there were no significant differences in bioequivalence parameters $(AUC_{\infty},\;C_{max},\;t_{1/2})$ between two systems. It might be concluded that our MDRS of Diltiazem. HCl could be an alternative delivery system to reference drug preparation.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.451-456
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• 2009

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two ciprofloxacin tablets, Ciprobay (Bayer Korea Ltd.) and Rofcin (Binex Co., Ltd.), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). The release of ciprofloxacin from the two ciprofloxacin tablets in vitro was tested using KP XIII Apparatus I method with dissolution media (0.01 M HCl). The dissolution profiles of two ciprofloxacin tablets were very similar at dissolution media. Twenty four healthy male volunteers were divided into two groups and a randomized 2$2{\times}2$2 cross-over study was employed. After one tablet (250 mg ciprofloxacin) was orally administrated, blood was taken and the concentrations of ciprofloxacin in serum were determined using HPLC with UV detector. The pharmacokinetic parameters such as $AUC_t,\;C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}$ were calculated. The results showed that the differences in $AUC_t,\;C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}$ between two ciprofloxacin tablets based on the Ciprobay were -0.63%, 3.98% and -9.23%, respectively. There were no sequence effects between two tablets in these parameter. The 90% confidence intervals using logarithmically transformed data were within the acceptance range of log(0.8) to log(1.25)(e.g., log(0.9520)~log(1.0523) and log(0.9689)~log(1.1663) for $AUC_1\;and\;C_{max}$, respectively). Thus, Rofcin tablet was bioequivalent to Ciprobay tablet.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.455-463
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• 2004

Flavonoids contained in grapes are potent antioxidants that may protect against oxidative stress and reduce the risk of chronic diseases related with free radical damage. In this study we investigated the effect of daily grape juice supplementation on blood pressure (BP), plasma lipid profiles and the generation of free radicals in 67 healthy volunteers (29 smoker, 38 nonsmokers). The daily 480 ml of grape juice supplementation for 8 weeks resulted in a significant decrease in diastolic BP by 6.5％ in smokers and systolic and diastolic BP by 11.2 and 3.7％ in non-smokers. Plasma total cholesterol, HDL- and LDL-cholesterollevels in smokers and total cholesterol in non-smokers were significantly increased after the intervention. Plasma triglycerides and conjugated dienes were not affected by grape juice supplementation. Levels of free radical determined by reading the lucigenin-perborate ROS generating sources, decreased significantly by 18％ compared to the beginning of the study. The results indicated that the consumption of grape juice may reduce BP and free radical generation in smokers, which was possibly exerted by flavonoids. Our findings suggested that the grape juice has protective effect on chronic disease due to the overproduction of free radical in smokers.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.1035-1041
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• 1996

The study was undertaken to examine the levels of serum lipids and the correlations between serum lipid levels and other factors(nutrient intakes, anthrometric measurement, blood pressure, drinking, smoking). The participants in this study were healthy volunteers over the age of 40 residing in Whachon area, Kang-Wan Do. The level of serum TG was higher in males than in females, particularly in age of 40(209.8mg/dl$\pm$154.9, p<0.05). The HDL-c/total cholesterol ratio(HTR) in males was the lowest(0.23$\pm$0.07, p<0.05) in age of 40 and in females was the lowest(0.25$\pm$0.1) in age of 60 and over. LDL-c/HDL-c ratio(LHR) was the highest (males 3.64$\pm$6.29, females 3.28$\pm$3.03) in age of 40 in both sexes. In the age of 40-59, serum TG, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol tended to increase with BMI. Serum TG showed positive correlation with drinking (r=0.026, p<0.001) and BMI (r=0.2096, p<0.01). BMI was negatively correlated with HTR(r=-0.2242, p<0.01) and HDL-cholesterol (r=-0.2054, p<0.01).