• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권9호
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• pp.982-995
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• 2002

This study was conducted to provide basic information on the nutritional status and dietary behaviors of the deaf teenagers. The subjects of this study were 87 deaf-mute high school students in Pusan and Kyung-nam area and, in comparison,90 general high school students in Ham-an area. The survey was investigated by using a self-administered questionnaire. The results were as follows: Deaf-mute group was consisted of 63.2% male and 36.8% female, and mean of height and weight of male were 171.2 cm and 61.9kg, female were 158.0cm and 51.7kg. Obesity index and body mass index (BMI) were normal range in both deaf-mute and normal groups. The average nutrition knowledge score of the deaf-mute group was 6.8 $\pm$ 1.5 out of possible 10 points, that was significantly lower than 7.3 $\pm$ 0.8 of the normal group (p<0.01). The mean of self-control and conscious control scores in the eating behaviors of the deaf-mute group were 2.6 $\pm$ 1.2 and 2.4 $\pm$ 1.3 out of possible 5 points from each item, which was significantly higher than 2.1 $\pm$ 1.3 and 1.8 $\pm$ 1.4 of the normal group (p< 0,01). Nutrients consumed below 90% of Korean RDA were energy (79.9%), Ca (71.5%) for deaf-mute male students and Ca (88.5%) for deaf-mute female students. Energy (71.4%), protein (87.8%), Ca (74.8%), vitamin B$_1$ (83.4%) intake of normal male students and energy (72.8%), Ca (71.2%), Fe (78.7%) intake of normal female students were below 90% of Korean RDA. Energy, protein, fat, vitamin B$_1$, niacin intake of deaf-mute male students were significantly higher than normal male students and all nutrients intake of deaf-mute female students were significantly higher than normal female students. By the correlation of nutrients intakes with nutrition knowledge, there was positive correlation with the intakes of Ca, Fe, vitamin A, vitamin B$_2$, and vitamin C in the deaf-mute group, while there was negative correlation with the nutrients intakes (except for protein and fat) in the normal group. The amount of meal, breakfast, regularity of meal time, frequency of snacks showed a positive relation to nutrient intakes in deaf-mute group and amount of meal, breakfast, regularity of meal time, frequency of overeating showed a positive relation to nutrient intakes in normal group. The nutrition knowledge had no correlation with food habits or eating behaviors in both groups.(Korean J Nutrition 35(9) : 982~995, 2002)

• 정신신체의학
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2014

마음과 몸의 관계는 오랜 논의에도 불구하고 설득력 있는 답을 구하지 못하고 있다. 한편, 서구 의학이 유물론적 패러다임을 받아들이면서, 기질적 이상이 없는 증상들은 "의학적으로 설명되지 않는 증상"이라 하여 변방에 머물게 된다. 이러한 증상을 이해하고자 전문가들은 마음과 몸의 관계를 바탕으로 소위 정신신체의학이라는 해석의 틀을 내놓았다. 이 해석의 틀은 의사소통 방식뿐 아니라, 환자들의 건강추구 행위 및 증상을 경험하는 양식도 변화시켰다. 시대의 필요나 새로운 과학발견에 의해 해석의 틀은 변화되어 왔으며, 어떤 때는 마음이 어떤 때는 몸이 강조되었다. 특히 치료법이 부재할 때에는 마음이 강조되면서 환자의 인격이 비난 받거나, 환자의 책임이 더 강조되었다. 반면 약물치료가 등장한 후에는 마음을 강조할 필요성이 줄어들면서 환자의 책임 역시 면제되었다. 본 논고에서는 마음과 몸의 관계를 중심으로 해석의 틀이 어떻게 시대에 따라 변화했는지를, 두통과 편두통의 사례를 통해 살펴보고자 한다. 이를 통해 해석의 틀이 어떻게 증상을 경험하는 양상을 변화시켰으며, 그때마다 책임 소재가 어떻게 달라졌는지 고찰할 것이다. 이러한 통시적 고찰은, 전문가로 하여금 그들이 만들어내는 해석의 틀이 얼마나 큰 영향력을 가지는 지, 그것이 얼마나 시대 상황과 밀접한 관계를 맺는지를 고찰할 기회를 마련할 것이다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.342-347
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• 2020

최근 국내에도 협동로봇이 산업용로봇 시장에 진입하면서 제조업을 중심으로 설치되고 있으나 산업안전보건법 제93조 안전검사에 따른 산업용로봇의 안전규제를 그대로 적용받고 있어 안전보호 대책인 펜스와 매트를 설치하여야 하는 상황이었다. 협동로봇을 설치할 사업장은 ISO 10218-2과 ISO 12100에 따라 로봇-인간, 작업환경, 작업방식에 대한 위험성평가를 실시하고 위험도를 낮추어야 한다. 그러나, 국내 산업현장에 협동로봇의 도입 초기인 관계로 협동로봇에 대한 새로운 위험성도 알려지지 않고 있으며 위험성평가도 활성화되지 않아 사업장에서는 위험성평가가 낯설고 어렵게 받아들여지고 있다. 협동로봇의 위험성평가는 로봇과 인간이 공존하는 개념에서 출발해서 작업자의 이상행동, 인적 오류, 설비결함, 인터록 기능에 초점을 맞춰 실제 일어날 가능성이 높은 위험을 발굴하고 개선하는데 그 목적이 있으며 본 연구는 국내 자동차부품 제조업에 적용된 사례를 통해 입증하고자 하였다. 향후에도 협동로봇의 위험성평가를 다양한 공정 및 작업에 대해 사례 발굴함으로써 중소기업의 안전성 향상에 유용할 것으로 기대한다.

• 대한간호
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.81-93
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• 1996

This descriptive study was done to identify the relationship between coping style and trait anxiety in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. The subjects selected were 69 patients who were scheduled for cardiac catheterization in S hospital from , November 1st, 1994 to May 30th, 1995. Data collection was done using Spielberger's Trait Anxiety Scale, Bendig's Short Form of the Manifest Anxiety Scale, Crowne & Morlowe's Social Desirability Scale, Millers Behavioral Style Scale, Information Subscale of Krantz Health Opinion Survey and Visual Analog Scale about informaton seeking behavior. The summary of the findings is as follows : 1. No significant relationship was found between the general characteristics of age, sex, marital status, level of education and occupation, and the variables coping style and trait anxiety. 2. The mean of trait anxiety scores for the Spielberger Scale was 46.68. It is slightly above average. The subjects were classified as to personality type: truely low anxious 25 (36.2%), highly anxious 25 (36.2%), and repressing 16 (23.2%), using a combination of scores from the Bendig Short Form Anxiety Scale and the Crowne Marlowe Social Desirability Scales. 3. No significant relationship was found between Spielberger s trait anxiety and Bendig's personality type. 4. Each subject's preference for either monitor or blunter coping strategy was assessed via the Miller Behavioral Style Scale. The proportion of Monitors (47.8%) and Blunters (52.2%) among the subjects were similar. The means of preference for information measured on the Krantz's subscale and Visual Analog Scale were 4.18, 80.79 respectively. Because these scores appeared above average, subjects tended to be higher seeker an information rather than avoiding it. 5. There was no significant relationship between Miller's Behavioral Style and Spielberger's trait anxiety. 6. There was no significant relationships between Bendig's personality types. and the preference on information of Krantz's and Visual Analog Scale. and Miller's Behavioral Styles. But 56.0% of the subjects who were highly anxious used Monitor strategy for coping. Findings from the current study do not permit any relationship inferences between coping style and trait anxiety. Patients undergoing cardiac catheterization must receive interventions on stress reduction because the cardiac 'catheterization creats a situation of psychological stress. Therefore, the nursing intervention of providing information about cardiac catheterization have to be given based on each patient's coping style and on their trait anxiety.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.59-70
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• 1981

Phenylketonuria (PKU)의 여러가지 특성(特性)을 연구(硏究)하기 위(爲)하며 신생(新生)쥐에 실험적(實驗的)으로 PKU를 유도(誘導)시키는 방법(方法)을 실험(實驗)하였다. 신생(新生)쥐에 생후(生後) 2일부터 5일까지는 체중(體重) kg당 400mg의 Phenylalanine을, 6일부터 14일까지는 500mg의 Phenylalanine을 오전(午前) 6시(時)부터 매(每) 6시간(時間)마다 위(胃)에서 주입(注入)시켰으며 생후(生後) 3일부터 14일까지는 체중(體重) kg당 0.00625~0.0125mg의 amethopterin을, 5일부터 14일까지는 체중(體重) kg 당 50mg의 P-chlorophenylalanine을 오전(午前) 및 오후(午後) 9시(時) 매일(每日) 2회 투여(投與)한후 Phenylalanine/tyrosine (P/T), 와 여러가지 외관적(外觀的)인 증상(症狀)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果) Phenylalanine, amethopterin및 P-chlorophenylalanine을 동시(同時)에 투여(投與)한 경우는 P/T-비(比)가 정상치이상(正常値以上)으로 증가(增加)됨과 동시(同時)에 비정상적(非正常的)인 자세(姿勢), 비틀거리는 걸음걸이와 같은 PKU 증상(症狀)이 나타났으나 Phenylanine이나 저해제(沮害制) 단독투여시(單獨投與時)는 PKU 증상(症狀)이 나타나지 않았다.

• 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.371-378
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• 2017

현대 사회는 고령층 인구의 확대와 당뇨병 발병률의 증가에 따라 당뇨에 대한 인식이 커지고 있다. 특히 당뇨 환자는 갑작스런 저혈당 쇼크가 발생할 수 있으므로 주기적으로 혈당을 측정하는 것이 중요하다. 하지만 자가 혈당측정기는 휴대의 불편함과 값 관리의 어려움을 동반하고 있다. 이를 해결하기 위해 혈당측정시스템은 센서 형태나 스마트기기와 연동이 되는 형태로 연구되고 있으나 상용화 되지 못하고 있다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 시스템은 이를 해결할 수 있는 혈당측정 기능이 포함된 스마트밴드이다. 사용자는 앱에서 식전/식후와 같은 혈당을 측정해야 하는 일정을 입력하면 밴드에서 알람을 받을 수 있다. 밴드에서는 언제든지 혈당 측정이 가능하며, 측정값은 식전/식후와 같은 값과 날짜와 시간을 포함하여 앱으로 전송되어 관리된다. 이를 통해 사용자의 건강관리, 진단 및 예방에 도움을 준다. 본 시스템은 의료기기인증이 된 2개의 제품과 성능평가를 진행하여 혈당 측정값도 더 정확함을 확인했다.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.79-89
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• 2007

This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the present status of several environmental problems caused by emerging toxic substances such as persistent organic pollutants (POPs), endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), and arsenic in various environmental media in Vietnam. Monitoring data reported during the 1990s demonstrated elevated contamination of DDTs in most of these compartments in Vietnam. Studies in frame of the Asia-Pacific Mussel Watch Program revealed that fish, mussels and resident birds from Vietnam contained higher concentrations of DDTs as compared to other countries in region, suggesting the role of Vietnamese environment as a significant emission source of DDT in the Southeast Asian region. The estimated dietary intakes of PCBs and DDTs for Vietnamese were relatively high among Asian developing countries, suggesting potential risk for humans posed by thesechemicals. Widespread contamination of some endocrine active compounds such as alkylphenols and phthalates was observed at various sites along the coasts of northern and middle Vietnam. The presence of significant source of bisphenol-A along Red River estuary was revealed with the concentrations comparable to those reported for developed nations. A case study on seasonal variation of alkylphenols and phthalates in surface water of river delta and estuary of north and middle Vietnam indicated the differences in distribution of these compounds between dry and rainy seasons. Higher concentrations of alkylphenols and phthalates were found in dry season in estuary; while the contrasting pattern was observed in the river delta, showing elevated residues in rainy season. This result suggests the different behavior of alkylphenols and phthalates in river delta and coastal environment. From ecotoxicological perspectives, concentrations of bis-phenol A and di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalates [DEHP] in surface water from some locations in Vietnam exceeded the guideline values for Ecotoxicological Effects and the Environmental Risk Limit, respectively, suggesting potential for toxic implications on aquatic wildlife. Widespread and elevated arsenic contamination was discovered inour recent surveys in groundwater in a large area of suburban areas of Hanoi city, the capital of Vietnam. The most recent investigation in 4 villages showed about more than 50 % of groundwater samples contained As concentrations exceeding 50 g/L (the WHO and Vietnamese standard). In particular, in Son Dong villages, 58 % of samples analyzed contained As concentrations higher than 200 g/L. Good correlations were found in As concentrations in water and hair and urine of peoples in corresponding families, suggesting the chronic exposure to As by people living in As-contaminated ground water areas. In Son Dong village, As levels in hair (mean: 1.7 mg/kg dry wt) and urine (g/g creatinine) exceeding the reference values recommended by WHO, suggesting potential for human risk posed by long term accumulation of As in human body. Future studies should be focused on the time trends of POPs and EDCs in biota in Vietnam in order to predict future trend of contamination and to reveal new clues for understanding possible toxic impacts on aquatic organisms. The issues of arsenic contamination in groundwater and their chronic toxic implications on human health should be systematically investigated in the future.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.103-109
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• 2013

Background: The objective of this study is to determine knowledge about lung cancer among secondary school male teachers in Kudat, Sabah, Malaysia. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among three secondary schools located in Kudat district, Sabah, Malaysia during the period from June until September 2012. The protocol of this study was approved by ethics committee of Management and Science University, Malaysia. The aims were explained and a consent form was signed by each participant. Respondents were chosen randomly from each school with the help of the headmasters. Self-administrated questionnaires, covering socio-demographic characteristics and general knowledge of lung cancer, were distributed. Once all 150 respondents completed the questionnaire, they passed it to their head master for collecting and recording. All the data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 13. ANOVA and t-test were applied for univariate analysis; and multiple linear regression for multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 150 male secondary school teachers participated in this study. Their mean age was $35.6{\pm}6.5$ (SD); maximum 50 and minimum 23 years old. More than half of the participants were Malay and married (52%, 79%; respectively). Regarding the knowledge about lung cancer, 57.3% of the participants mentioned that only males are affected by lung cancer. Some 70.7% mentioned that lung cancer can be transmitted from one person to another. More than half (56.7%) reported that lung cancer is not the leading cause of death in Malaysian males. As for risk factors, the majority reported that family history of lung cancer is not involved. However, 91.3% were aware that cigarettes are the main risk factor of lung cancer and more than half (52%) believed that second-hand smoking is one of the risk factor of lung cancer. More than half (51.3%) were not aware that asbestos, ionizing radiation and other cancer causing substances are risk factors for lung cancer. Quitting smoking, avoiding second-hand smoking and avoiding unnecessary x-ray image of the chest (53.3%, 96.0%, 87.3%; respectively) are the main preventive measures mentioned by the participants. For the factors that influence the participants knowledge, univariate and multivariate analysis showed that only race was significant. Conclusions: Overall, the knowledge of school male teachers about lung cancer was low. However, few items were scored high: cigarettes are the main risk factor; avoiding second-hand smoking; and avoiding x-rays. Interventions to increase lung cancer awareness are needed to improve early detection behavior. Increase the price of pack of cigarettes to RM 20 and banning smoking in public places such as restaurants are highly recommended as primary preventive measures.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.281-291
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• 2017

본 연구는 혈액투석환자의 질병 불확실성, 우울, 생리적 지표와 기본심리욕구 와의 관계성을 파악하기 위한 연구로 연구대상자는 J도에 위치한 2 개의 대학부속병원과 2곳의 병원 투석센터에서 160명을 편의 추출하였다. 자료 수집은 구조화된 질문지를 이용한 일대일 설문조사와 의무기록 자료를 통한 생리지표를 이용하여 수집하였다. 자료 분석은 SPSS/WIN 18.0프로그램으로 t-test와 ANOVA, 다중회귀분석 방법을 이용하였다. 연구결과 기본심리욕구는 불확실성 (r=-.464, p<.001)과 우울증 (r=-422, p<.001) 사이에 음의 상관관계가, 기본심리욕구의 하위 요인인 관계성은 질병불확실성, 우울, 생리지표와 음의 상관관계가 있었다. 또한 혈액투석환자의 기본심리욕구에 대하여 질병 불확실성(${\beta}=-.345$)과 우울(${\beta}=-.279$), 생리지표(${\beta}=-.117$)는 29%의 설명력을 보였다. 생리지표, 질병 불확실성 및 우울증은 혈액 투석 환자의 기본심리욕구에 영향을 주었습니다. 따라서 혈액투석환자의 불확실성을 인생관에 긍정적으로 통합시켜 삶을 재설정하고자 하는 심리적 지지와 자율성, 유능감, 관계성의 기본심리욕구 증진을 위한 간호전략과 프로그램 개발이 필요하다.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.216-220
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• 2011

PURPOSE. Heat of composite polymerization (HP) indicates setting efficacy and temperature increase of composite in clinical procedures. The purpose of this in vitro experimental study was to evaluate the effects of 5 temperatures on HP of two new composites. MATERIALS AND METHODS. From each material (Core Max II [CM] and King Dental [KD]), 5 groups of 5 specimens each were prepared and their total HPs (J/gr) were measured and recorded, at one of the constant temperatures $0^{\circ}C$, $15^{\circ}C$, $23^{\circ}C$, $37^{\circ}C$ and $60^{\circ}C$ ($2{\times}5{\times}5$ specimens) using a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyzer. The data were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA, a Tukey's test, an independent-samples ttest, and a linear regression analysis (${\alpha}=0.05$). RESULTS. No polymerization reactions occurred at $0^{\circ}C$; then this temperature was excluded from statistical analyses. The mean HP of the remaining 20 KD specimens was $20.5{\pm}14.9$ J/gr, while it was $40.7{\pm}12.9$ J/gr for CM. The independent-samples t-test showed that there were significant differences between the HP of the two materials at the temperatures $15^{\circ}C$ (P=.0001), $23^{\circ}C$ (P=.0163), $37^{\circ}C$ (P=.0039), and $60^{\circ}C$ (P=.0106). Linear regression analysis showed statistically significant correlations between environment temperatures and HP of CM ($R^2=0.777$). CONCLUSION. Using CM is advantageous over conventional composite because of its better polymerization capacity. However due to its high HP, further studies should assess its temperature increase in vivo. Preheating KD is recommended. Refrigerating composites can negatively affect their polymerization potential.