• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.89-103
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• 1998

The elderly population will increase from 5.8% in 1996 to 12.5% in 2020. The related problems of health will also become a very important issue in the future. Therefore it is important to address the problems of geriatric nursing and geriatric health. 87.6% of the aged were ill with chronic degenerative diseases in 1994. In 1995, hospital admission rates (86.8) for those aged 60 or older were higher than that (56.3) of the total age group. Such high medical utilization will increase national health costs. For the development of geriatric nursing, active nursing intervention in various settings combined with education and research should be developed. Considering the health and welfare of the aged and the present status and views in Korea, I suggest the following: First, the health needs of the elderly in the institution, must be met by a plan that fosters geriatric nurses and programmed service development. Second, health service for the residential elderly must be provided in day care centers, short stays, nursing homes and geriatric hospitals. Geriatric nursing services should be provided in home residential areas, public health centers, public health subcenters as well as having, community health practitioners in primary health care posts and home health nurses. Third, geriatric nursing curriculum must be developed adjust to situations and culture of Korea and be included in the nursing curriculum. And gerontological nurse practitioner or geriatric specialist must be fosteraged to provide the professional care for the aged. Geriatric nursing research should be also achived for geriatric nursing improvements.

• 약학회지
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• 제59권4호
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• pp.190-200
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• 2015

Evaluation Project on Appropriate Prescribing (EPAP) which is analysing prescribing pattern and providing physicians feedback has begun in 2001. EPAP indicators are related to antibiotics for acute respiratory tract infections, overuse of injection, polypharmacy (no. of drugs prescribed together, no. of prescriptions with 6 or more drugs), prescribing of specific medication group (drugs for acid related disorders, NSAIDs, corticosteroids) and medication expenditure per prescription day. The aim of this study was to suggest a development plan for EPAP indicators suitable for domestic situation. A consensus group consisting of seventeen health care professionals evaluated significance of each therapeutic class for EPAP indicators expansion considering information such as magnitude of issue, prescribing indicators of foreign countries, reimbursement criteria by each therapeutic class. Based on the data and group survey, 5 classes were selected as candidates for prescribing indicators and we presented 24 indicators regarding 5 classes. The results suggested that we need to augment evaluation indicators of additional area.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was intended to identify the competency model for korean health teachers. In order to enhance job effectiveness and talent development of health teachers in schools, this study would provide policy makers and school administrators with a competency model to be used as a valid and reliable tool for selection, development, and appraisal of health teachers. Methods: This study used three-round Delphi technique, which was a series of surveys to obtain a consensus of experts in school health and health education. 31 experts were finally involved in Delphi panel, which consisted of professors, administrators, and school teachers. Results: This study found that the competency model of health teachers was composed of fourteen competencies and 75 performance indicators. The fourteen competencies were as follows: consulting and teaching competency, students understanding competency, health problem solving competency, health assessment competency, relationship building competency, information management competency, curriculum management competency, teaching activity competency, writing competency, professional expertise competency, health business management competency, self control competency, school commitment competency, and achievement orientation competency. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, policy makers and school administrators would be able to use the competency model as a tool of new health teachers selection, existing health teachers appraisal, and new and existing teachers training and education. Future research needs to classify the levels of each performance indicator as a kind of behavior indices.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.387-393
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• 2022

Background: Problem drinking is a perennial concern in the US fire service. A large literature has documented the importance of addressing alcohol norms in intervention research. The purpose of this study was to explore alcohol norms in a national cohort of firefighters (FFs) to inform intervention development in this occupational group. Methods: Data were from a national online survey of career and volunteer FFs (N = 674). Participants were recruited through national fire service listservs and a database of FFs who had agreed to be contacted for research. Results: When asked about "acceptable" levels of alcohol consumption, FFs on average suggested levels which exceeded public health guidelines. Further, approximately half of career and volunteer FFs believed that, at least under some circumstances, drinking until intoxicated was normative. When asked how long should elapse between a FFs last drink and reporting for duty, the average suggested lag was 11.2 hours (sd = 4.6). However, among male volunteer FFs who reported heavy drinking, the average was 6.68 hours (sd = 4.77). Conclusions: Given the high prevalence of heavy and binge drinking in the fire service, it is not surprising that the alcohol norms found in this study were consistent with a culture of drinking. Participants' reports of alcohol use among their peers were consistent with the actual prevalence of problem drinking. Thus, education and prevention efforts in this occupation should focus on changing norms about alcohol use, including linking heavy drinking to other health and safety issues they face.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.340-352
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was done to explore the experiences of ego identity development in Korean nursing students. Methods: Data were collected from 16 nursing students through in-depth interviews. The main question was, "Could you tell me your experience of developing an ego identity?" Data were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin's grounded theory methodology. Results: The core category of the experiences of ego identity development in Korean nursing students was 'trying to be a different new person'. Action/interaction strategies were 'solving the problem using experiences', 'making one's own success story', and 'making harmony with others'. Consequences were 'being sure of oneself as a new person'. Conclusion: Korean nursing students tried to use their experiences, achieve success, and harmonize with others. Their efforts were influenced by conflicts and supports of people around. Therefore, nurse educators should understand contextual and intervening conditions of nursing students, and try to help them achieve ego identities.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.255-265
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• 2008

Purpose: The principal objective of this study was to assess the topics and research methods of smoking-related research and to suggest future research directions. Methods: The subjects of this study were smoking research articles supported by the National Health Promotion Funds from 1998 to 2007. A total of 41 articles were selected and analyzed from 1999 to 2005 using the frameworks such as topics, subjects contents, subjects, research field, and research design. Results: The most frequent topic of smoking-related research was the development & evaluation of educational programs for smoking prevention and smoking cessation (34.1%). The majority of the research subjects were adults (42.2%) and adolescents (35.9%). 31.7% of the total research researches was conducted at the nationwide population level. The most popular research design was the descriptive study (36.6%) in the non-experimental studies and nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design(19.5%) in the experimental study studies. Conclusion: The topics of smoking research should be planned under governmental strategies for decreasing to a 30% reduction in of smoking rates, as established in the 2010 Health Plan. With regard to the methodological aspects, longitudinal and nationwide research was first required so that we could plan an evidence-based program for smoking prevention and smoking cessation.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.247-251
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• 2013

Children from low income families are vulnerable to physical problems including obesity, asthma, hypertension and psychological problems including depression, anxiety. This study was done to identify trends in welfare policy for children from low-income families and future direction for solving health disparity problems. Dream Start is a government-sponsored project that offers services for vulnerable children, ages 0 (include pregnant woman) to 12 years and their families. The Korean Government has made an effort to alleviate health disparity through the 'Health Plan' by establishing health objectives. However, in spite of these efforts by the Korean government, health disparity has worsened in Korea. In order to strengthen family function as well as promote growth and development for vulnerable children, experts in child care need to be significantly involved in identifying neglected children in the community.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.296-310
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• 1998

Background : Performance evaluation of medical care providers has become more important than before in Korea. Especially in university hospitals, job contents of medical staffs are so complicated that evaluation is not easily performed. In addition, in order that the feedback of evaluation be successful, acceptance of staffs to be evaluated is essential. This study is aimed at the development of items for evaluation and weighting of each item in one university hospital, and clustering departments by different weight given by medical staffs. Methods : Through resource group meeting. performance items were listed up by categories of education, research, medical services, and other activities in and out of the hospital. For each item, all the medical staffs were asked how important they thought, compared with publishing one original article. By factor analysis, the items in each category were grouped into a few subgroups. In turn, cluster analysis was done for the purpose of grouping departments by priority the medical staffs gave. Results and Conclusion : Among five major categories, medical staffs regard education, research, and medical services more important than other activities in and out of the hospital. Five categories consisted of two or three components. Departments in hospital were grouped into three. However, characteristics of each group was not clearly delineated. This result suggests that more comprehensive tool should be developed and applied in the process of performance evaluation in university hospitals.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제17권
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• pp.313-317
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• 2001

The Ministry of Health and Welfare of Japan has set up six research groups concerning the endocrine disrupting chemicals. One of these projects was "A study on development of testing methodology for health effects due to exposure of environmental endocrine disruptors". In this paper, three topics are described. In OECD collaboration for pre-validation of uterotrophic assay, the most sensitive response to ethnyl estradiol was noted in the ovarectomized rats treated subcutaneously for 7 days. Secondly, it was suggested that changes of the serum $\alpha_{2u}$-globulin level may be a sensitive parameter for detecting the estrogenic activities of chemicals. Finally, development of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of preoptic area in the brain oj male rats was inhibited by the treatment with estrogenic chemicals, and their masculine behaviors and reproductive abilities were impaired after sexual maturation. In conclusion, these parameters are considered to be sensitive endpoints for testing estrogenic chemicals.chemicals.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.30-41
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• 2018

Background: The purpose of the work is to develop a system that allows processing of information for analysis and industrial risk management, to monitor the level of industrial safety and to perform necessary measures aimed at the prevention of accidents, casualties, and development of professional diseases for effective management of industrial safety at hazardous industrial sites. Methods: Risk assessment of accidents and incidents is based on expert evaluations. Based on the lists of criteria parameters and their possible values, provided by the experts, a unified information and analytical database is compiled, which is included in the final interrogation questionnaires. Risk assessment of industrial injuries and occupational diseases is based on statistical methods. Results: The result of the research is the creation of Guidelines for risk management on hazardous industrial sites of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The Guidelines determine the directions and methods of complex assessment of the state of industrial safety and labor protection and they could be applied as methodological basis at the development of preventive measures for emergencies, casualties, and incidents at hazardous industrial sites. Conclusion: Implementation of the information-analytical system of risk level assessment allows to analyze the state of risk of a possible accident at industrial sites, make valid management decisions aimed at the prevention of emergencies, and monitor the effectiveness of accident prevention measures.