• Health Policy and Management
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.147-166
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• 1992

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of the health center hospital on the health service utilization pattern of the rural population in a county. Two field studies had been conducted in Yonchon County, Kyunggi Province, on February 1989 and on August 1991 before and after the establishment of the Yonchon health center hospital. This study revealed that Yonchon health center hospital occupied 7.3% of total outpatient visits and 16.8% of hospitalization of the county population and the self-sufficient rate of the outpatient visit and hospitalization of Yonchon County between two field studies increased by 1.7% and 20.9% each. Yonchon health center hospital contributed to the growth of the public health sector but it weakened the role of health sub-centers. For the efficient health service utilization of the population in that County, more investment to health center hospital would be needed and the primary health activities of the health subcenter should be enforced.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2017

Objectives : In this study, we diagnosed Mibyeong group of adult by taking into Mibyeong Index consideration, and identified the correlation of a Mibyeong group with cold-heat pattern and life quality of them. Methods : The questionnaires were collected by Gallup Korea professional surveyor through face to face interviews. To analyze the differences between health and mibyeong group, we used the descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, ANOVA. And multinomial logistic regression was used to generate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) for the differences between health and mibyeong group. Results and Conclusions : The gender composition of respondents in this study that there 545 male (49.5%) and 555 female (50.5%). The score of both cold pattern(health: $21.33{\pm}4.25$, MI 1: $22.43{\pm}4.29$, MI 2: $24.09{\pm}5.03$; post hoc test, p <0.001) and heat pattern(health: $18.4{\pm}4.01$, MI 1: $19.48{\pm}4.10$ MI 2: $19.88{\pm}4.81$; post hoc test, p <0.001) in mibyeong group is higher than the score health group. And, these result have no relevance to age. The score of both Physical component summary (PCS) and Mental component summary (MCS) in health group is higher than the score mibyeong group. Cold-heat pattern and quality of life vary significantly according to health status. This results suggest the analysis of cold-heat pattern and quality of life by health status could provide the setting of direction to promote public health depending on health status.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.564-577
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to address differences between mental health according to sasang constitution and ego state among college students. Methods: Data for this cross-sectional study were collected by administration of questionnaires eliciting Woo's ego state scale, QSCC II for the sasang constitution classification, and SCL-90-R for mental health to 393 college students. Analysis was performed using IBM SPSS (version 19.0). Results: The Free Child ego and Adapted Child ego differed significantly among sasang types. The ego-gram pattern of So-eum type exhibited the N pattern (Nurturing Parent (NP)>Adapted Child (AC)>Adult (A)>Free Child (FC)>Critical Parent (CP), AC-high type), however, the ego-gram pattern of other constitution types showed the M pattern (NP>FC>A>AC>CP). No statistically significant differences in mental health were observed among sasang types, however, among ego states, AC and CP showed negative correlation with mental health status. Between So-eum type and So-yang type, AC was the factor predicting mental health. Between Tae-eum type and undefined type, AC and CP were factors predicting mental health. Conclusion: These findings suggest that sasang constitution could be an important factor in understanding the ego state and mental health status. We conclude that sasang constitution should be considered in interpretation of mental health status presentation in clients.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.107-116
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of loneliness on drinking, smoking, and health perception (symptom pattern & subjective health) in college students. The convenience sample consisted of 417 college students attending four universities. The Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale(RULS) and the Symptom Pattern Scale were used to collect the data. In this study, 84.7% of the subjects used alcohol, with a mean of 5.52 drinks per week, and 32. 9% of the subjects smoked for a mean of 5.08 cigarette packs per week during the previous month. The mean score loneliness measured by the RULS was 40.82, indicating that the subjects were moderately lonely. The majority of the subjects had a low level of symptom pattern and evaluated their health as either very good or good. The level of alcohol drinking and the smoking increased and symptom pattern decreased with age. Female students were lonelier than male students in this study. Also, the female students had a lower level of symptom pattern and evaluated their health worse than the male students. Male students consumed more alcohol and smoked more cigarette than female students. Living arrangement was significantly related to the level of loneliness. The subjects who lived with their parents and siblings were less lonely than those who lived with their friends, or relatives or who lived in a dormitory. Age and religion were not related to the level of loneliness. The level of loneliness influenced drinking, symptom pattern, and subjective health. The study found that subjects who were more lonely consumed alcohol less, had a higher level of symptom pattern, and perceived their health worse than those who were less lonely. Smoking was not influenced by loneliness in this study.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.335-344
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• 2010

Objectives : Targeting Korean adults, the food pattern are grasped. And, its correlation with oral disease is analyzed. In order to offer basic data to developing the nutritional policy and nutritional program for the future prevention from oral disease, a research was conducted by utilizing the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005(the 3rd term). Methods : The subjects in this study were 6,526 adults in more than fully 19 years among 9,047 persons who participated in the food intake survey out of those who completed the health interview survey. The statistical analysis was analyzed by using SPSS 12.0 program. Results : 1. As a result of Group Analyzing was indicated to dangerous-type food pattern and protection-type food pattern. 2. As a result of analyzing the answers for having dental caries in the annually personal recognition was indicated to be high in the dangerous-type food pattern, and had not the statistically significant difference. 3. As a result of analyzing the answers for having periodontal disease in the annually personal recognition was indicated to be high in the dangerous-type food pattern, and had the statistically significant difference(p<0.05). 4. As a result of analyzing the food pattern factors that have influence upon both major oral illnesses in the annually personal recognition, the person, who has the dangerous-type food pattern, had high risk level of the periodontal disease in the annually personal recognition. Conclusions : In the above results, as a result of surveying and analyzing importance of the food pattern in the incidence of both major oral illnesses, it is considered that there will be necessity of continuing to research into developing the nutritional policy and nutritional program in order to prevent oral illness in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.137-146
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was performed to identify the socioeconomic factors, the health behavior factors and dietary pattern that have an influence on abdominal obesity, as measured by using the waist circumference in children and adolescents. Methods: This study used data collected from 1998, 2001, 2005 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Final sample included 3,596 subjects from 10 to 19 years old who had completed necessary health examinations, health behaviors survey, and nutrition survey. Results: 12 dietary patterns emerged from factor analysis with different factor loading. Logistic regression analysis of the factors that affect abdominal obesity showed that the education level, BMI(Body Mass Index) and dietary pattern, 'Kimchi' including Korean cabbage and radish affected the abdominal obesity in children and adolescents. Conclusions: Abdominal obesity is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality, and it is associated with chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Based on the findings, it is essential to modify dietary pattern for preventing abdominal obesity, which is a condition associated with the incidence of chronic disease in adults.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.195-202
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• 2001

This study was performed to investigate the pattern of health food usage of the adults by food lifestyles pattern in contemporary Seoul. This study views health food consumption as a cultural practice in which people produce (and reproduce) diverse social relationships and cultural meanings. It also identifies food lifestyles and health food usage pattern of Korean adult in Seoul. This topics were discussed based on field research data collected by nutritional survey with questionnaire. To identify the relationships between pattern of health food and food lifestyles, 503 men and 437 women aged 18 to 65 years were divided into 5 groups of food lifestyles : Health Eaters, In-a-Dither, Traditional Eaters, Conscientious and People on the Go. As a substantial percentage of the subjects were used some kinds of nutrients supplement. The higher the age and family income were, the higher the percentage of health food usage was. There was the significant difference between sexes in usuage of health food. Health food usage was higher in the food lifestyle pattern of Health Eater than other food lifestyles.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.172-183
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• 2000

This paper explores the process of pattern recognition reflected in Newman's praxis methodology by three Korean elderly people with chronic illnesses. Four core themes demonstrated from the life pattern of participants that discouragement/frustration, regret, deep grudge/ pent up feeling and renunciation/ resignation were prevalent. None of the participants had experienced the turning point central to the process of expanding consciousness. It was concluded that it requires longer a research period with repeated in-depth interviews to explore the transformation in the process of recognizing a pattern of life.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.103-111
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• 2013

Seven diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) prospective payment system is going to expand to all hospitals including university hospitals this year. However there are few studies on the change of practice pattern under prospective payment system in the university hospital setting. So This study was intended to predict the practice pattern change after the introduction of 7 DRGs prospective payment system in a university hospital setting. To predict the change of practice pattern, this study used simulation technique. Five hundred and nineteen patients classified as 5 DRGs in a university hospital were selected for simulation. The change of practice pattern were predicted based on clinicians' opinion. We also predicted payment change by service items. Major findings of this study are as follows. First, the total medical payment was reduced by 14.4%. The drug payment change (8.8%) took most of total payment reduction. The followings are the change of treatment material cost (3.2%), the change of laboratory tests cost (1.8%), the change of room charge (0.5%), and other payment change (0.1%), respectively. Second, most of the reduction in total medical payment resulted from the decreased amount of medical services themselves. The transfer of medical services to outpatient setting took up only 4.9% of the total payment reduction. The change of unit price or composition took up 5.5% of the total payment reduction. In this study we found that it is possible to reduce the inpatient services through practice pattern change in university hospital setting. However, it needs to be careful to adjust DRG payment after the reduction of provided services, because most of reduction was not due to service transfer but to service volume reduction. It is desirable to utilize the saving from practice pattern change as incentive to improve quality of care.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.439-452
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• 2008

This study was conducted to identify major dietary patterns of generally healthy Korean middle-aged women and to examine associations of the dietary patterns with socio-demographic, psychological, and physical characteristics. Data were drawn from the 2001 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), which is an ongoing national surveillance system. Healthy female subjects aged 40-64 years and provided the health interview examination and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) data were included. We conducted factor analysis based on daily mean intake frequency of 26 food groups and identified 3 major dietary patterns, healthy, convenient, and alcohol-animal. The healthy pattern was characterized by higher intakes of fish, seafood, poultry, mushroom, seaweed, vegetable, tomato, potato, and fruit, the convenient pattern by processed meat and fish, ramen, noodle and rice cake, sweet snack, egg, bread, and fast food, and the alcohol-animal pattern by alcohol, poultry, meat, and fish. The healthy pattern was significantly related with higher socio-economic status, more stable family structure, healthier mentality, and sounder status of anthropometric and biochemical variables. Those with higher factor scores for the convenience pattern were found to be younger and having higher socio-economic status, higher subjective levels of health, and lower subjective levels of worry on health. Several physical characteristics significantly improved as the levels of the convenience pattern increased. The alcohol-animal pattern was significantly associated with several socio-demographic characteristics including a low education level, a young age, a small family size, and blue-collar jobs. Public health policy makers can utilize the study findings to select prior target populations with higher needs and to tailor dietary behavioral messages to lower chronic disease risks among Korean middle-aged women.