• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.371-382
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• 2019

The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological responses following acute and chronic Nurida-ball exercise to measure the relative exercise intensity and health-related fitness in middle-aged men. In study 1, eight middle-aged men carried out acute Nurida-ball exercise for 30 min. The physiological responses were normalized and compared with a graded treadmill exercise test (GXT) to evaluate the relative exercise intensity. In study 2, twelve middle-aged men were divided into two groups: Nurida-ball exercise group (NB, n=6) and control group (CON, n=6). NB group performed the Nurida-ball exercise for 8 weeks (30min/day, 3 days/week). And then, we measured the body composition, cardiovascular factors, blood lipid factors, and muscle damage markers to confirm the exercise efficiency. In study 1, the related exercise intensity of acute Nurida-ball is the range of GXT-HRpeak (55~85%) and $GXT-VO_2peak$(23~61%). The change in body fat-related factors was significantly lower in the NB compared to the CON group. Moreover, TC and LDL were decreased whereas BMC was increased in the NB group after Nurida-ball exercise. The change in VEpeak and performance time of GXT were significantly greater in the NB compared to the CON group. The performance time of GXT was increased in the NB group after Nurida-ball exercise. Our results indicated that Nurida-ball exercise would be effective equipment for the improvement of health-related fitness. Especially, Nurida-ball exercise can affect body composition and cardiovascular function, which might alleviate metabolic syndrome-related diseases in middle-aged men.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.57-70
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• 2009

Objectives: This purpose of this study was to make clear the fitness to data of the causality model related to father's child-rearing participation in a double-income household. Methods: Subjects of this survey consisted of the fathers of 2,006 households that use 21 day-care centers and 4 kindergartens whose cooperation was received via the city government departments that have jurisdiction over day-care centers and kindergartens in cities A and B in prefecture I and in city C in prefecture II (city A: 499 households; city B: 1,113 households; city C: 988 households). The surveyed items consisted of the father's age, the father's educational history, the number of children, the age of the youngest child, the father's parental-role awareness, the father's daily working hours, the father's return-home time, and child-rearing participation by the father. Results: The fit indices were found to be CFI = 0.912, GFI = 0.948, and RMSEA = 0.082. Regarding the path coefficients, the path coefficient of the pathway from the age of the youngest child to the father's parent positivity (0.08) and the path coefficient of the pathway from the father's parent positivity to child-rearing participation (0.19) were both at statistically significant levels. Also, the father's return-home time and the working hours, which were considered as disincentives exhibited a direct effect on child-rearing participation without being influenced by the father's parent positivity or parent negativity. The path coefficient of the pathway from return-home time to child-rearing participation was -0.43, and the path coefficient of the pathway from working hours to child-rearing participation was -0.13. The value of the path coefficient expressing the relationship between the return-home time and working hours was 0.80. Conclusion: Authors infered that it'll be the basic material to build a generation mechanism about vanity and father's child-rearing participation appropriately as a result of this research.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.4404-4415
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• 2014

This study was carried out to verify the relationship between the job satisfaction and turnover intention of nurses working in general hospitals The study included 312 nurses working in three general hospitals located in Gyeoungpook area. The data was collected by a survey using self-administered questionnaires structured from February 25 to March 16, 2013. The level of turnover intention was negatively correlated with job satisfaction and professional position, autonomy, administrative capacity, pay, task requirement. In logistic regression analysis, the adjusted odds ratio of the high risk turnover intention was increased significantly in the lower groups of job satisfaction, job autonomy, administrative capacity and pay than in the higher groups of these items. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that the turnover intention correlated significantly with the education level, subjective sleep evaluation, job career, job position, monthly pay, satisfaction with work, fitness of the job, career choice motives, physical burden of work, and job satisfaction. In addition, there was a negative correlation between the job satisfaction and turnover intention in the studied nurses, which showed that the turnover intention increased with decreasing level of job satisfaction. The variations in the job related characteristics and job satisfaction have a significant influence on the turnover intention.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.91-98
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to identify differences in records for each section of the wheelchair marathon and to provide information necessary for training and basic data for developing training methods. The subjects of this study were analyzed for the records of a total of 5 foreign male athletes and 4 domestic top athletes who completed the 42.195km full course among the participants at the 2016 Seoul International Wheelchair Marathon. Every 5km section records and finish records were used, and the first section to the ninth section were set. As for the data processing method, descriptive statistics (Mean, SD) were used using the statistical program SPSS 25.0. The following conclusions were drawn according to the above research methods and procedures. In the case of the winning W1 athletes, the record at 30km to 35km was the fastest 8 minutes and 43 seconds in the entire section, and the difference was 1 minute and 4 seconds compared to the K1 athletes of the nation's No. 1 athletes. In order to be ranked higher in international competitions, training to adapt to a quick pace at a later stage is required. That is, it was found that the second half face should be faster based on the half distance. In addition, in each section of the first half, it is necessary to develop a race pace suitable for the average speed level for each individual section. Therefore, it is considered that the fitness training program that can maintain the early race and the training program that can cope with changes in pace after the second half should be applied.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.203-215
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to investigate the needs for exercise of adult inpatients and ultimately to provide basic data for planning nursing intervention of patients who need exercise. The tool used for this study was a structured questionnaire which consisted of 42 items. The test items were classified into seven factors. The seven factors of the needs for exercise were need for achievement, need for activity, need for affiliation, need for autonomy, need for catharsis, need for homeostasis, and need for exhibition. Subjects of this study were 127 patients in two general hospitals in Seoul, and one general hospital in Chun Ann City. The needs of exercise were identified and the data were analyzed by gender, age, occupation, education level, monthly income, size of patient room, patient group who requires exercise and the other patient group who requires bed rest, using one-way ANOVA and Scheffe test as post-hoc. The findings of this study were as follows ; 1) Among the needs for exercise of adult patients, the highest level of the needs was the need for homeostasis. The next highest was the need for achievement, then need for activity, need for catharsis, need for autonomy, need for affiliation, and the lowest was the need for exhibition. 2) Maintaining physical fitness stood first in the need for homeostasis, relieving psychological and physical powerlessness in the need for activity, mood diversion in the need for catharsis, happiness of the family in the need for affiliation, maintaining the balanced body figure in the need for exhibition, practicing planned life in the need for achievement, and improving the ability to overcome the crisis in the need for autonomy. 3) Male patients exhibited the higher level of the needs than female patients in all factors except the need for exhibition and homeostasis. 4) There was no statistical difference in the needs between age, occupation, monthly income, and the size of patient room. 5) The need for achievement was high as the level of education goes higher. 6) The patients who performed regular exercise before admission had higher needs for activity, achievement, and autonomy, compared with the patients who did not perform the regular exercise before admission. 7) There was no statistical difference in the needs between patient group who requires exercise and the other patient group who requires bed rest. The need for homeostasis was the highest in both groups. The results from this study suggest that the need for exercise of adult inpatients should be assessed before planning exercise intervention.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.12-25
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of aerobic rhythmical exercise program on $VO_2$ max, leg strength, grip strength, flexibility, exercise self-efficacy and quality of life in elderly. This quai-experimental study was designed as a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest study. 36 subjects, aged between 65 and 73 years who have normal cognition. sensory function and cerebellum function participated in this study. 19 experimental group subjects participated aerobic rhythmical exercise program. Aerobic rhythmical exercise program was developed on the basis of calisthenics, stretching, aerobic exercise, Korean traditional dance and music by the author. The program consisted of approximately 1 hours of exercise, 3 times a week for 9 weeks. During 1 hours workout, there were 15 minutes of warm-up dancing, 35 minutes of conditioning dance and 10 minutes of cool-down dancing. The intensity for the conditioning phase was between $40\%\;and\;60\%$ of age adiusted maximum heart rates. The $VO_2$ max, grip strength, leg strength, flexibility, exercise self-efficacy and quality of life were measured prior to and following the experimental treatment. Data were analyzed with $x^2-test$, t-test, mean, standard deviation. percentage of change and ANCOVA test using SAS program. Results were obtained as follows. 1. The $VO_2$ max of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group following the aerobic rhythmical exercise program(F=7.76, p=0.008). 2. The grip strength of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group following the aerobic rhythmical exercise program(F=4.61, p=0.039). 3. The leg strength of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group following the aerobic rhythmical exercise program(F=9.29, p=0.000). 4. The was no significantly difference of flexibility between experimental and control group 5. The self-efficacy of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group following the aerobic rhythmical exercise program(F=43.40, p=0.000). 6. The quality of life of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group following the aerobic rhythmical exercise program(F=8.91. p=0.005). The results suggest that aerobic rhythmical exercise program can improve $VO_2$ max, grip strength. leg strength. exercise self-efficacy and quality of life elderly. Thus. aerobic rhythmical exercise program was a useful nursing intervention for elderly.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.19-33
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• 2002

In the middle of economic and mental riches in the 21st century, the importance of well being and the pursuit of happiness are emerging as the new trend. Thus the lifestyle that values comfortable and practical naturalness and intrinsic merits has come to influence the human life rather than the old showing-off and formal desire. In addition to this, the spread of the five day week has given more leisure time, which has led to the increasing interest in health and leisure. The interest in sports has skyrocketed since the successful holding of the 2002 Korea and Japan World Cup event. All these changes to the lifestyle have contributed to the fusion of luxury wear and sports wear. As the result of the consumers in the 21st century having more classified and upgraded way of living thanks to the settlement of the above-mentioned lifestyle and the enlargement of the leisure sports culture, there has appeared the wellness kin, who value the importance of life and the nature and believe in the idea that they can reconstruct the environment in the way they can enjoy their lifestyle and pursue happiness. They favor healthy fashion items and think much of exercise, nutrition, and rest. They pursue the natural and comfortable style, whose ideas came from simple exercises such as health training and yoga and the easy and comfortable look observed at resorts. Their fashion style can be divided into three of fitness fashion, yoga fashion and resort fashion. First, the boxer fashion is characterized by the relaxing design and practicality. The major items of the fashion include running shirt-styled upper clothes, training pants, hooded shirts and sneakers. Simple and comfortable look should be induced from the combination of the items. Second, the yoga fashion was motivated by the comfortable yoga wear. It advocates stress-free spirit and comfortable and stable naturalism. Along with the advantages of the good feeling to wear and the functionality to help exercise better, the yoga fashion gives the wearer enough room to move around in, using the unique lines. Third, the resort wear refers to the kinds of clothes you tend to wear at the beach and the park. There are various kinds of the resort look; bathing suits, the beach wear you can wear with the bathing suit, the resort evening wear, the full-side look that you try on top of the bathing suit and is made of the same material of the bathing suit, and the marine look, the symbol of the summer. In short, the study attempted to investigate many trends occurring as the result of human recent increasing interest and concern in the quality of life, and the impacts of them on the fashion world. This kind of research that examines the background of the times and society will help to grasp with the fashion trends of the present and the future. And more studies should be conducted on the development of new and original design in clothes fashion, which reflects the characteristics identified in this kind of research.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.133-140
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• 2017

This study was conducted to determine the casual relationship among family support, social support, workplace spirituality, and quality of life (QOL) for middle-aged, male office workers, as well as the effects of family support, and social support on their QOL with the mediation of workplace spirituality. The participants were 288 middle-aged, male office workers, and the data were collected from 14 October to 30 November, 2016, through questionnaires. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlations using PASW 21.0, while the AMOS 18.0 program was used for structural equation modeling (SEM), and the fitness of the final model was determined using RMSEA .05, GFI .98, AGFI .94 and NFI .96. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. There were correlations between family support, social support, workplace spirituality, and QOL for the middle-aged, male office workers. Second, family support (${\beta}=.60$, p<.001) and social support (${\beta}=.47$, p<.001) had a direct effect on their workplace spirituality. Third, family support had direct (${\beta}=.12$, p=.002) and indirect (${\beta}=.10$, p<.001), while social support also had direct (${\beta}=.12$, p<.001) and indirect (${\beta}=.08$, p<.001) effects on their QOL. The findings also suggested that workplace spirituality had a partial mediating effect between the family support, social support, and QOL of the middle-aged, male office workers.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.1403-1409
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to compare Obesity Age (OA) and chronological age, to calculate Obesity Age (OA), which gauges the state of obesity, and to analyze presented factors of obesity using expectant factors on middle-aged obese women. The subjects were one hundred twenty seven middle-aged obese women ($49.6\pm7.3$ yr, BMI $29.41\pm2.9$, fat $36.8\pm4.6%$) who participated in different weight loss programs three times. The body composition, physical fitness, blood pressure and blood were measured before the weight loss programs. Informed consent was obtained from all subjects before enrollment in the study. The regression equation is as follows: (1) OAS (Obesity Age Score)=$0.106*X_1+0.035*X_2+0.048*X_3+0.041*X_4+0.003*X_5-0.037*X_6-10.667$ ($X_1$: BMI, $X_2$: weight, $X_3$: %fat, $X_4$: WC, $X_5$: TG, $X_6$: $VO_{2max}$), (2) OA (Obesity Age)=7.3*OAS+49.6*(-1), (3) Z (correction factor)=(CA-49.6)(1-0.03), (4) OAc (corrected Obesity Age)=1.03*CA-7.3*OAS+1.47. The comparison of corrected Obesity Age (OAc) and chronological age did not have any differences, and the average of the OAc was close to chronological age. The correlation coefficient between the OAc and chronological age was r=0.724 (p<0.05). The equation can be utilized for middle-aged obese women, because it could evaluate the obesity-related factors by including BMI, body weight, %fat, waist circumference, triglycerides and $VO_{2max}$.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.271-276
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• 2009

The 3-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationships (3D-QSARs) models between the substituents with changing groups ($R_1$ & $R_2$) of 4-($R_1$)-benzyl alcohol and 4-($R_2$)-phenol derivatives as substrate molecule and their inhibitory activities against tyrosinase were derived and discussed quantitatively. The optimized CoMSIA 2 model have best predictability and fitness ($r^2\;=\;0.858$ & $q^2\;=\;0.951$). The contour maps of optimized CoMSIA 2 model showed that, the inhibitory activities of the analogues against tyrosinase were expected to increase when hydrophobic favor, negative charge favor, steric disfavor and hydrogen bond donor disfavor groups were substituted at the $R^2$ position. When the positive charge and the hydrogen bond donor favor groups were substituted at the $R_1$ position, it is predicted that the substituents will be able to increase the inhibitory activity. However, hydrogen bond acceptor did not affect inhibitory activities of tyrosinase.