• Journal of health informatics and statistics
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.318-323
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• 2016

Objectives: Except the known risk factors for stroke, few studies have identified novel metabolic markers that could effectively detect stroke at an early stage. In this study, we explored the dose-response relationship between serum metabolites and the incidence of stroke. Methods: We studied 213 adults in the Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II (KCPS-II) biobank and estimated dose-response relationship between serum metabolites and stroke (42 cases and 171 controls). Three serum metabolites (Acetylcholine, HexadecylAcetylGlycerol, and 1-acetyl-2-formyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) were used in this study. The analysis included (1) exploratory nonlinear analysis, (2) estimation of flexion points and slopes at below and above the points. In the model to estimate risk of incidence of stroke, we controlled for conventional risk factors such as age, sex, systolic blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, triglyceride, and smoking status. Results: The relationship between incidence of stroke and log-transformed 1-acetyl-2-formyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine was non-linear with flexion point around intensity score of 8.8, whereas other metabolites, log-transformed Acetylcholine and HexadecylAcetylGlycerol, showed negative linear patterns. Conclusions: The study suggests that metabolic markers are associated with incidence of stroke, particularly, at or above the flexion point. The study result may contribute to developing a novel system for precise stroke prediction.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.132-143
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• 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the relationships between health literacy competencies and patient-centered care among clinical nurses. Methods: The participants of this study were 254 nurses working in two hospitals in the D region. The data were collected from July to August 2020. The health literacy competencies for registered nurses scale and individualized care scale were utilized. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis were used for data analysis. Results: The mean of health literacy competencies was 3.16±0.31 points on a four-point scale, and the average of patient-centered care was 3.69±0.50 points on a five-point scale. Regarding the nurses' general characteristics, patient-centered care showed significant differences according to age (F=4.68, p=.010), marital status (t=-2.38, p=.018), religion (F=3.03, p=.030), total clinical experience (F=2.94, p=.021) and prior health literacy knowledge (t=3.20, p=.002). As a result of a hierarchical multiple regression analysis, health literacy competencies (β=.63) were found to significantly influence patient-centered care. The explanatory power of the model was 41.0% (F=25.58, p<.001). Conclusion: The study suggests that nurse's health literacy competencies should be developed in order to improve patient-centered care. Nursing education should include an emphasis on integrating health literacy into the nursing school curriculum.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.139-148
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• 2002

In order to study the range of flight and feeding activity of Anopheles sinensis, the dispersal experiment was conducted in Paju city, located in the northern part of Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea, during the period of 7th to 28th September 1998. Unfed females An. sinensis were collected in cowshed and released after being marked with fluorescent dye at 23:00 hours on the same day. Released female mosquitoes were recaptured everyday during 21 days using light traps, which were set at 10 sites in the cowsheds located 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 km north-northwest and north-northeast and at 3 sites located 1, 6 and 9 km toward south-west from the release point. In addition, to study the longest flight distance in one night, we set the light traps at 16 and 20 km toward north-northeast from the release site. All the collected mosquitoes were placed on filter papers and observed on UV transilluminator after treatment with one drop of 100% ethanol. Out of 12,773 females of An. sinensis released, 194 marked females mosquitoes were recaptured, giving 1.52% recapture rate. Of 194, 72 mosquitoes (37 1%) were recaptured in light traps from three places set at 1 km from the release point, 57 mosquitoes (29.4%) from two places at 1-3 km, 41 mosquitoes (21.1%) from three places at 3-6 km, 20 mosquitoes (10.3%) from three places at 6-9 km, and 4 mosquitoes (2.1%) from two places at 9-12 km. Since 170 female mosquitoes (87.6%) out of 194 marked mosquitoes were captured within 6 km from the release point, this flight radius represents the main activity area. An. sinensis was found to be able to fly at least 12 km during one night.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1502-1510
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• 2021

Purpose. To investigate on the awareness of consumers on the expertise of optometrists. Methods. Data were collected and analyzed through an online questionnaire targeting 63 consumers (42 consumers over the age of 10 who wore glasses, and 21 students in the Department of Optometry). Result. As a consideration when choosing an optometrist, consumers considered the variety of products (15 persons(23.8%)), expertise such as optometry and fitting, kindness and credibility (11 persons(17.5%)). Students in the Department of Optometry of each selected expertise such as optometry and fitting, kindness and credibility (5 persons(7.9%)) and the results were high. In addition, about the main tasks of optometrists, 20 consumers (31.7%) and 9 students (14.3%)(SD 14.5±5.5) answered that they were medical technicians specializing in vision health. And the service satisfaction of the optometrist (5 point scale) was evaluated as 3.77 points for the consumers and 3.76 points for students(SD 3.77±0.01), and the reliability (5 point scale) for the consumers was 3.42 points and students 3.53 points (SD 3.48±0.06). In terms of expertise (5 point scale), the consumers scored 3.47 points and current students 3.58 points (SD 3.53±0.06). Conclusion. As a result of the study on consumer awareness of the expertise of optometrists, there was no significant difference in the perceptions of the reliability, service, and expertise of optometrists in the opinion of the consumers and students of the Department of Optometry. In terms of reliability and expertise, students in the Department of Optometry were evaluated somewhat higher than the consumers. Therefore, in order for consumers to be able to trust the expertise of optometrists in the future, it is necessary to take pride in being a medical technician specializing in vision health, and to actively promote and make efforts to inform consumers that optometrists are experts recognized by the state.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.157-166
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was to explore health experiences of the low-income elderly living alone reflected in Newman's Health as expanding consciousness theory. Method: The researcher used Newman's praxis methodology because it is good for showing the process of interaction between the researcher and the low-income elderly living alone. Results: The significant characteristics of early health experience during a participant's lifetime were demonstrated that blamed themselves, being burden of themselves hopeless of their lives. However, after a turning point in health experience. The health experience of most of the participants evolved as expanding consciousness. Conclusion: This study has provided support for Newman's theory of health. Most of the participants recognized meanings in their patterns and authentic caring relationships with the nurse as researcher, pattern recognition as a nursing practice was a meaningful transforming process in the participant-nurse partnership. This participatory approach expands the scope of sharing health experience with the elderly living alone and with caring community people.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.92-98
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• 2015

Recently, buildings tend to be large size, complex shape and functional. As the size of buildings is becoming massive, the need for structural health monitoring (SHM) technique is increasing. Various SHM techniques have been studied for buildings which have different dynamic characteristics and influenced by various external loads. "Abnormal behavior point" is a moment when the structure starts vibrating abnormally and this can be detected by comparing between before and after abnormal behavior point. In other words, anomalous behavior is a sign of damage on structures and estimating the abnormal behavior point can be directly related to the safety of structure. Abnormal behavior causes damage on structures and this leads to enormous economic damage as well as damage for humans. This study proposes an estimating technique to find abnormal behavior point using Hilber-Huang Transform which is a time-frequency signal analysis technique and the proposed algorithm has been examined through laboratory tests with a bridge model using a shaking table.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.87-100
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• 2004

Objective: This research has been conducted in order to conduct sex education using information and communication technologies (ICT) which is currently taught to elementary school students, understand how this method of education affects the knowledge of and attitude towards sexual health in them, so that it could be actually applied in classrooms. Subject: 115 students were divided into three different groups: a comparison group of 38 students (who were given no sex education at all), control 2 group of 39 students (who were given sex education via video programmes), and control 1 group of 38 students (who were given sex education using ICT). Research Tool: A questionnaire used by the literature studies. After verifying content validity, it was modified and supplemented in this way: sex knowledge was reduced to 26, and sex attitude was also reduced to 11. The reliability of the research tool was Cronbach's a=0.86 for sex knowledge tool, and Cronbach's a=0.81 for sex attitude tool. The collected data have been analysed using SPSS 11.0 program. The content validity was analysed by factor analysis and multiple regression analysis, and hypothesis verification was analysed using repeated measure ANOVA test. Result: 1) In sex knowledge marks, there was a significant difference according to the group (p=.009) and point of time (p=.000), and there was a significant interaction between the groups and point of time(P=.000). As a result, it turned out that both video programmes and ICT were significantly effective in improve the knowledge. 2) In sex attitude marks, there were no significant differences according to the group (p=.213), but there was a significant difference according to point of time (p=.002), and there was a significant interaction between the groups and point of time(P=.018). As a result, it turned out that only the education method using ICT was effective in improving the attitude. Conclusion: From the results of this research, it can be said that the sex education using ICT was the most effective method in improving the sex knowledge and attitude of students at elementary school. Therefore, it is advisable that the sex education methods using ICT should be developed and applied continuously.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.157-162
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• 2009

Radioactive medicines are used a lot owing to the increase of a PET-CT examination using glucose metabolism useful for the early diagnosis of diseases. Therefore, the spatial dose that is generated from patients and their surroundings causes the patients' guardians and health professional to be exposed to radiation. However, they get unnecessarily exposed to radiation because medical institutions lack in space for isolation and recognition of the examination. This research intended to examine the spatial dose rates by measuring the dose emitted from the patient for 48 hours to whom F-18 FDG was administered. The spatial dose rates that were measured 100cm away from the patient's body after F-18 FDG was injected were $65.88{\mu}$Sv/hr at 60-minute point, $45.13{\mu}$Sv/hr at 90-minute point, $9.88{\mu}$Sv/hr at 6-hour point, and $1.24{\mu}$Sv/hr at 12-hour point. When the dose that the guardian and health professional got was converted into the annual(240-day working) accumulative dose, it was examined that the guardian received 81.56 mSv/yr and health professional received 49.36mSv/yr. In addition, the result has revealed that the dose that the patient received from one time of PET-CT examination was 3.75mSv/yr, which is 1.5 times more when compared with the annual natural radiation exposure dose.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.14
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• pp.5937-5940
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• 2014

Background: This study was conducted as a descriptive-correlational exercise with the aim of determining the effect of student perceptions of social skills on their pro and con perceptions of smoking. Materials and Methods: The study sample comprised 106 students at $6^{th}$, $7^{th}$ and $8^{th}$ grades in three primary schools. The data were collected through socio-demographic data collection form, Social Skill Perception Form and Child Decisional Balance Scale. Data were evaluated by percentage calculation, Student t test and correlation analysis. Results: While the point average of pro perception of smoking of the students with a high point average of social skill perception, was $8.6{\pm}3.1$, in those with a low social skill perception point average it was $10.7{\pm}4.2$, the difference being significant(p=0.012). The respective point averages of con perceptions were $26.8{\pm}3.7$ and $23.5{\pm}3.3$, again significant (p=0.000). While a positive medium level (r=0.410) relationship was determined between the point average of social skill perception and con perception of smoking, a negative low level (r=0.281) relationship was determined with the pro perception of smoking. Conclusions: As the social skill perception point average increases, children's con perceptions of smoking increase and their pro perceptions decrease.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.213-219
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the impact of physical surface roughing with a polishing tool onto the pre-sintering yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (TZP) core and liner treatment for chemical bonding on the bond strength of TZP core and veneering ceramic. Methods: Overall, 80 specimens were classified into two groups (non-liner, NL; and usingliner, UL ) depending on the use of liner, and these two groups were then subclassified into four groups depending on the polishing tool used. (1) Non-liner groups: NS, non-liner+stone point; NC, non-liner+carbide bur; NP, non-liner+paper cone point; NT, non-liner+silicon point. (2) Using-liner groups: US, using-liner+stone point; UC, using-liner+carbide bur; UP, usingliner+paper cone point; UT, using-liner+silicon point. The pre-sintering surface roughing values and shapes were observed, and after burning up the veneering ceramic, the shear bond strength was measured using a universal testing machine. For significance testing, a one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's multiple comparison test were conducted. An optical microscope was used to observe the fracture plane, and the following results were obtained. Results: Surface roughness NP (4.09±0.51 ㎛) represented a higher value than other groups (p<0.001). In shear bond strength, NS (35.21±1.44 MPa) of the NL group showed the highest bond strength (p<0.001). The UL group did not show a statistically significant difference between groups (p=0.612). Conclusion: Our study findings reveal that the bond strength of TZP core and veneering ceramic was improved by pre-sintering physical surface treatment than by chemical bonding with liner surface treatment.