• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.191-204
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• 2005

Traditionally, the implant treatment require load-free healing period of at least 3 months in the mandible and 6 months in the maxilla. But this long healing period provides patients with the discomfort and economical trouble. Many experiments has been attempted for the outcome of such disadvantage, so recently the immediate loaded implant is getting popularity. Several literature has been published for clinical success of immediate loaded implant. The studies for the success rate of immediate loaded implant in multi-way has been reporting, nevertheless, we don't have yet a probable success. Various studies have been practiced that the advantages and disadvantages associated with immediate loaded implant, and factors that may influence the success of immediate implant, including patient selection, type of bone quality, required implant length, structure of the implant, surgical skill, need for achieving primary stability, control of occlusal force, peri-implant bone activity. The objective of this study is to review the literature related to immediate loading of implants and to discuss factors that may influence this treatment modality, based on scientific evidence.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.172-176
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• 2011

Surgical resection of the mandible due to presence of benign or malignant tumor is the most common cause of the mandibular deviation. Depending upon the location and extent of the tumor in the mandible, various surgical treatment modalities like marginal, segmental, hemi, subtotal, or total mandibulectomy can be performed. The clinicians must wait for extensive period of time for completion of healing and acceptance of the osseous graft before considering the definitive prosthesis. During this initial healing period prosthodontic intervention is required for preventing the mandibular deviation. This case report describes early prosthodontic management of a patient who has undergone a reconstructed hemi-mandibulectomy with modified mandibular guide flange prosthesis. The prosthesis helps patient moving the mandible normally without deviation during functions like speech and mastication.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.222-228
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• 2009

Objectives: This study is aimed to compare the wound healing processes between conventional scapel wound and Er,Cr:YSGG (Erbium,Chromium, Yttrium, Scandium, Gallium, Garnet) laser wound using experimental animals. Experimental Design: Two types of wounds were made by linear and round incisions using scalpel and Er,Cr:YSGG laser, respectively, on the thigh of Sprague-Dawley rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were serially sacrified as follows: post operative 12, 24, 48 hours, and 3, 7, 14 days. The skin wounds were grossly and microscopically analyzed during the healing period. Result: The Er,Cr:YSGG laser incision showed better wound healing for the linear incision experiment than the scapel incision. Whereas the scapel incision showed better wound healing for the round incision experiment than the Er,Cr:YSGG linear incision. As the Er,Cr:YSGG laser damage in the round incision experiment could be much increased compared with the round incision by scapel. So, the round incisions by the Er,Cr:YSGG laser were resulted in the poor wound healing compared with those by the scapel. Conclusion: The Er,Cr:YSGG laser is more favorable for the fast linear incision, while the scapel is more favorable for the modified round incision.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.194-201
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• 2017

Background Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains high concentrations of growth factors involved in wound healing. Hydrogel is a 3-dimensional, hydrophilic, high-molecular, reticular substance generally used as a dressing formulation to accelerate wound healing, and also used as a bio-applicable scaffold or vehicle. This study aimed to investigate the effects of PRP and hydrogel on wound healing, in combination and separately, in an animal wound model. Methods A total of 64 wounds, with 2 wounds on the back of each nude mouse, were classified into 4 groups: a control group, a hydrogel-only group, a PRP-only group, and a combined-treatment group. All mice were assessed for changes in wound size and photographed on scheduled dates. The number of blood vessels was measured in all specimens. Immunohistochemical staining was used for the analysis of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. Results Differences in the decrease and change in wound size in the combined-treatment group were more significant than those in the single-treatment groups on days 3, 5, 7, and 10. Analysis of the number of blood vessels through histological examination showed a pattern of increase over time that occurred in all groups, but the combined-treatment group exhibited the greatest increase on days 7 and 14. Immunohistochemical staining showed that VEGF expression in the combined-treatment group exhibited its highest value on day 7. Conclusions This experiment demonstrated improved wound healing using a PRP-hydrogel combined treatment compared to either treatment individually, resulting in a decrease in wound size and a shortening of the healing period.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.355-373
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• 1999

Many researches have been reported that collagen as cellular stroma, matrix of grafting materials, mediator of agents for the purpose of promoting healing process invivo, but the responses in vivo were seen various. The goal of this experiment is to assess the effect of collagen on bony healing, through histological evaluation of implanted collagen on the calvarial defect in rats. 2-month-old Sprague-Dawley, 24 rats were used and 12 rats assigned to each group of control and test. Defect of 5mm in diameter was made on the calvarial bone with trephine bur. Following thorough saline rinse, defect of control group was left in empty and that of experimental group was filled with fibrillar collagen($COLLATAPE^{(R)}$, COLLA-TEC. INC. U.S.A.) soaked in saline. 3 rats in each group were sacrificed at 3, 7, 14, 21 days after operation respectively, and the tissue blocks were prepared for light microscope with H-E for evaluation of overall healing, with TRAP(tartrate resistant acid phosphatase) for evaluation of osteoclastic activity and with immunohistochemical staining for macrophages. The results were as follows : 1. In the control group, inflammatory responses were disappeared at day 14, but, in the experimental group inflammatory infiltrates were reduced at day 21. Thus, the experimental group showed more severe soft tissue inflammation than control group. 2. Both control and experimental group showed slight appositional growth at day 7 and gradual bony growth to 21th day. But, complete bony healing of the defect was not shown. There was no significant difference in bony healing between control and experimental group 3. Specific response of macrophages for implanted collagen was observed at day 14 in the experimental group. In conclusion, although fibrillar collagen caused inflammation of soft tissue during initial healing period, inflammatory responses by fibrillar collagen didn't inhibit bony regeneration and implanted collagen was biodegradaded by macrophages. Thus, we expect that fibrillar collagen can be used for useful mediator of graft materials or growth factors.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.359-366
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• 2007

Purpose: In spite of various advantages of hyaluronic acid in wound healing, there are few research about wound healing process and period in oral and maxillofacial surgery. So, We evaluated the effects of local application of hyaluronic acid gel on wound healing of the oral mucosa using this animal model. Materials and methods: Young adult New Zealand White rabbits, weighting between 2.5 and 3.0kg, were used. Almost uniform round ulcers could be created on the gingival of the rabbits by chemical injury with acetic acid. In experimental group, hyaluronic acid gel was applied daily until the wounds healed and in control group, ulcer lesion was not any treatment. The lengths of ulcers were measured the longest and shortest axes of the ulcers and calculated the areas of ulcer. For histological examination, specimens were made, and observed under a light microscope. Results: The results showed that the number of fibroblasts, new blood vessels and the epithelial thickness from experimental group was higher than from control group. Hyaluronic acid promoted proliferation of the fibroblast, keratinocytes isolated from gingival tissue of rabbits in vitro. Topical application of hyaluronic acid accelerated healing of ulcers created in rabbits. Conclusion: The hyaluronic acid may be effective for wound healing of oral mucosal lesions.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.222-227
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• 2015

Aesthetic impression is emphasized in the recent field of implant restoration. However, there is limitation of creating proper shape of soft tissue as well as cervical emergence profile due to the use of pre-existing healing abutment in the process of initial post-operative soft tissue healing period. Designing the shape of abutment into the final customized abutment instead of its original shape helped to achieve more aesthetic implant restoration by applying healing abutment which could minimize the malposition and recession of soft tissue. In this study, soft tissue healing was promoted using the post-operative customized healing abutment and thereby obtained the result of more aesthetic and functional restoration by minimizing displacement of soft tissue in the process of applying final customized abutment.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.293-308
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• 1996

Recently, dental laser have been applied for removal of soft tissues, hemostasis and blood coagulation, removal of benign and malignant tumor, treatment of leukoplakia, aphthous ulcer and herpetic lesion, implant second surgery, removal of granulation tissue, frenectomy, clinical crown lengthening, gingivectomy, gingivoplasty, and treatment of dentin hypersensitivity. Even though the frequency of laser treatment is increasing, the research on the healing process after gingivectomy using pulsed Nd : YAG laser is very rare. The purpose of this study was to observe and compare the wound healing after gingivectomy using scalpel and pulsed Nd : YAG laser in the rat. Gingivectomy was performed using pulsed Nd : YAG laser(SUNRISE Technologies, U.S.A., 1.5 Watts, 10 pps) on the buccal gingiva of right maxillary first molar and using scalpel(No.12) on the contralateral side. Those sites treated by surgical scalpel were designated as the control, and by pulsed Nd : YAG laser as the experimental group. Animals were sacrificed at 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 11 and 14 days postoperatively, and specimens were histologically observed under light microscope. The results were as follows : 1. Clinical observation Normal color and shape were observed at the 5th day ill the control group and the 7th day in the experimental group. 2. Histologic findings 1) In the control group, denser inflammatory infiltration was observed. 2) Epithelialization started at the 2nd day in the control group, similar to the experimental group, and completed at the 11th to the 14th day postoperatively. 3) In the experimental group, connective tissue showed the vacuole formation and degenerative change during early healing period. Healing of connective tissue was slower in the experimental group than in the control group by 2 days. 4) In the both groups, wound healing was completed at the 2nd week. From this study, gingivectomy using pulsed Nd : YAG laser seems to result in a little delayed wound healing process, compared to the gingivectomy using scalpel. Considering the clinical advantages of laser surgery, pulsed Nd : YAG laser might be useful device for gingivectomy.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.180-187
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• 2010

Purpose: This study evaluated the spontaneous healing capacity of surgically produced cranial defects in rabbits with different healing periods in order to determine the critical size defect (CSD) of the rabbit cranium. Methods: Thirty-two New Zealand white rabbits were used in this study. Defects of three sizes (6, 8, and 11 mm) were created in each of 16 randomly selected rabbits, and 15-mm defects were created individually in another 16 rabbits. The defects were analyzed using radiography, histologic analysis, and histometric analysis after the animal was sacrificed at 2, 4, 8, or 12 weeks postoperatively. Four samples were analyzed for each size of defect and each healing period. Results: The radiographic findings indicated that defect filling gradually increased over time and that smaller defects were covered with a greater amount of radiopaque substance. Bony islands were observed at 8 weeks at the center of the defect in both histologic sections and radiographs. Histometrical values show that it was impossible to determine the precise CSD of the rabbit cranium. However, the innate healing capacity that originates from the defect margin was found to be constant regardless of the defect size. Conclusions: The results obtained for the spontaneous healing capacity of rabbit cranial defects over time and the underlying factors may provide useful guidelines for the development of a rabbit cranial model for in vivo investigations of new bone materials.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.364-372
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• 2023

Background: Growing evidence suggests that beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB), arginine (Arg), and glutamine (Gln) positively affect wound recovery. This study investigated the effects of long-term administration of HMB/Arg/Gln on pressure ulcer (PU) healing in sedentary older adults admitted to geriatric and rehabilitation care facilities. Methods: This was a pilot retrospective case (standard of care and HMB/Arg/Gln)-control (standard of care alone) clinical study. Outcome measures were relative healing rates and Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH) scores (calculated after 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 weeks) and time to healing. Results: The study subpopulation was comprised of 14 participants (four males, 28.6%) with the median age of 85.5 years (interquartile range [IQR], 82.0-90.2 years). The control subpopulation was comprised of 31 participants (18 males, 58.1%) with the median age of 84.0 years (IQR, 78.0-90.0 years). At the beginning of follow-up, there were no statistically significant demographic (sex and age) and clinical (main diagnosis, baseline area, and PU perimeter) differences between the groups. During the study period, there were no significant differences in the relative healing rates and PUSH scores between the subpopulations. The median time to complete healing in the study and control populations was 170.0 days (95% confidence interval [CI], 85.7-254.3) and 218.0 days (95% CI, 149.2- 286.7) (log-rank, chi-square=3.99; p<0.046), respectively. Conclusion: More than 20 weeks of HMB/Arg/Gln supplementation had a positive effect on difficult PU healing in older adults with multiple comorbidities.