• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.27-31
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• 2020

Neck mass has various etiologies, including inflammatory, congenital, neoplastic causes. The IgG4-related disease can cause symptoms in the head and neck areas with an inflammatory neck mass. It also shows clinical and pathological findings from inflammation caused by immune reactions, such as lymphocyte and plasma cell infiltration, storiform fibrosis, obliteration phlebitis, and invigorated serum IgG4 levels. The treatment guideline has not been established and still under debate, but systemic glucocorticoid seems to be effective in the most cases. In this brief report, a 48-year-old male patient presented with voice change for 3 weeks. Left side paramedian vocal fold palsy was observed in the flexible laryngoscopy. About 2.5×2.0×1.2cm size, heterogeneously enhanced neck mass with irregular margin encasing left carotid artery was noted on preoperative contrast enhanced neck CT scan, and it was suspicious of left carotid body tumor. The pathology shows IgG4-related disease rather than carotid body tumors. We report this case of IgG4-related disease, which can be misdiagnosed to carotid body tumors.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.72-77
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• 2007

The case report of migrating ingested fish bone presenting as an unresolving inflamed neck mass is rare. The diagnosis must be suspected in a patient with an unresolving inflamed cutaneous lesion, especially one with a punctum, the tenderness of the lesion elicited on swallowing and the presence of a palpable subcutaneous neck mass. In such a patient, a history of recent foreign body ingestion must be actively sought. An accurate early diagnosis of this easily treatable condition is desirable because it could avert unnecessary delays, inconveniences, anxiety, costs, and surgery. The authors experienced a case of lateral neck mass resulting from the migration of a fish bone which was successfully removed by surgical exploration and made a report with a review of literature.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.140-142
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• 2015

Penetrating neck injuries constitute 5-10% of all trauma cases. These injuries may cause life-threatening suppurative or vascular complications, but the severity and extent of damage depends upon the inflicting object and the involved structures. If significant complications are not expected, then it is best to leave the foreign body embedded and avoid surgical risks. We present a rare case of a foreign body embedded in the neck causing tinnitus and foreign body sensation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.37-41
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• 2022

Airway foreign body aspiration in children can lead to accidental death, due to the foreign body itself or the removal procedure. Depending on its location, removal of the foreign body can be challenging. Here, we present a case of successful removal of a foreign body from the left upper lobar bronchus via ventilating bronchoscopy with a rigid bronchoscope and Fogarty arterial embolectomy catheter. Tracheobronchial foreign bodies in locations that are difficult to reach with forceps, due to an acute angle or the small diameter of the pediatric bronchial tree, can be effectively removed with a Fogarty arterial embolectomy catheter.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 2009

Background and Objectives: Foreign bodies of upper aerodigestive tract are common problem for primary care physicians. Delayed diagnosis or failure of removal might cause fatal problemsand complications. Therefore proper diagnosis and management is imperative. In this study, we described clinical features of upper aerodigestive tract foreign body, and analyzed efficacy of different management modality. Materials and Methods: 250 cases of foreign bodies in the esophagus and trachea, between Jan. 1998 through Jan. 2009 has been retrospectively analyzed. A total of 24 cases and 226 cases had been found each as airway foreign bodies and esophageal foreign bodies. The clinical features are described and treatment outcomes, prognosis, and rate of complications of each management modality have been compared. Results: In airway foreign bodies, ventilating bronchoscopy yielded better results, 19 success out of 19 trials than fiberoptic bronchoscopy, 3 success out of 5 trials. Hospitalization days after removal of foreign body didn't show difference between two treatment modalities, although patients who had ventilating bronchoscopy had gone through general anesthesia. And there was no complication after removal of foreign body. In esophageal foreign bodies, rigid esophagoscope yielded better results, 99% of successful removal rate, compared to the EGD, only 78% of successful removal rate. There was no difference of hospitalization days between two modalities. And complication rate was even low in patients who had done rigid esophagoscopic foreign body removal. Conclusion: In upper aerodigestivetract foreign body. Rapid diagnosis and successful foreign body removal is important. Removal by rigid scope(ventilating bronchoscope, rigid esophagoscope) revealed less failure in both airway and esophageal foreign bodies.

• Medical Lasers
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.65-70
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• 2020

Bronchial foreign body aspiration (BFA) is a common but emergent condition in infants and children. Furthermore, it can result in various complications such as atelectasis, pneumonia, bronchiectasis, and pneumothorax. Among these, pneumothorax is a very rare complication. However, it can be fatal without the swift implementation of appropriate treatment. We experienced a case of 16-month-old girl with an aspirated peanut. The foreign body was fixed in her left main bronchus. A CO₂ laser was used to safely cut and break the foreign body. Removal was successful after breaking it. But after the process, inflammatory tissue of the tracheal mucosa was ruptured. Bilateral tension pneumothorax followed after the rupture. The patient was treated with bilateral chest tube insertion. Here we present this BFA case with a rare and unexpected complication. We also review the appropriate literature.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.147-152
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of club head and golf ball kinematics and body alignment according to the swing plane during golf driver swing. Method: Sixteen college golfers participated in this study. Kinematic data of the club head and golf ball were collected using golf swing analysis system (Trackman Ver. 3e). The body alignment variables were collected using 8 motion capture system. An Independent samples t-test was used for comparison between the Out-to-In group and In-to-Out group, and the statistical significance level was set at .05. Results: For the club head related variables, club path and club face angle showed higher values in Out-to-In swing plane than In-to-Out swing plane. For the kinematic variables of the golf ball, the total distance showed a higher value in the In-to-Out swing plane than that of the Out-to-In swing plane. For the body alignment, the In-to-Out swing plane showed higher values than the Out-to-In swing plane for the pelvis rotation angle and trunk rotation angle. Conclusion: This study suggest that it would be more effective to use the In-to-Out swing plane for increasing the total distance during the golf driver swing.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.152-157
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• 2022

Background: The hemi-body electron beam irradiation (HBIe^-) technique has been proposed for the treatment of mycosis fungoides. It spares healthy skin using an electron shield. However, shielding electrons is complicated owing to electron scattering effects. In this study, we developed a thimble-like head bolus shield that surrounds the patient's entire head to prevent irradiation of the head during HBIe^-. Materials and Methods: The feasibility of a thimble-like head bolus shield was evaluated using a simplified Geant4 Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. Subsequently, the head bolus was manufactured using a three-dimensional (3D) printed mold and Ecoflex 00-30 silicone. The fabricated head bolus was experimentally validated by measuring the dose to the Rando phantom using a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) detector with clinical configuration of HBIe^-. Results and Discussion: The thimble-like head bolus reduced the electron fluence by 2% compared with that without a shield in the MC simulations. In addition, an improvement in fluence degradation outside the head shield was observed. In the experimental validation using the inhouse-developed bolus shield, this head bolus reduced the electron dose to approximately 2.5% of the prescribed dose. Conclusion: A thimble-like head bolus shield for the HBIe^- technique was developed and validated in this study. This bolus effectively spares healthy skin without underdosage in the region of the target skin in HBIe^-.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.43-54
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• 2021

In this study, a scientific analysis of the gold leaf layers and internal structure of the Clay Seated Vairocana Buddha Triad in Seonunsa Temple, Gochang (Treasure No. 1752) was conducted. The surface of the Buddha statues is a gold foil, and the gold leaf layer consists of four layers. The gold leaf layer first composed on the molding clay was produced in the order of lacquer-fabrics-lacquer-gold foil. Subsequently, it was confirmed that the work was performed three times in the same way. The composition of the Buddha statues was divided into the head, body or upper body, lower body, and pedestal. The body was made in a cylindrical form by connecting vertically oriented wooden materials, and the head and lower body were also connected to the body in an empty form. Thus, the head, body, and lower body are grafted structures that are connected to a single Bokjang-gong. It was confirmed that the Clay Seated Vairocana Buddha Triad in Seonunsa Temple was made using wood materials for the basic form, after which the detailed form was created with molding clay, and the surface was finished with a process of layering gold foil and substances presumed to be lacquer.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.23-30
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• 1982

The aim of this report is to analyze the Occurring rate of damage at each region of head works and to clear its damaged mechanism, centering around the destroyed situations of head works along both Musim and Bochong Rivers suffered from the storm flood occurred on July 22, 1980. The results obtained from the investigation of 25 head works taken for samples are summarized as follows. 1. The occurring rate of damage at each region of head works showed the largest number of 100 percentage in the revetment and protected riverbed work respectively, in the order of the next largest number, 68 percentage in weir body, 56 percentage in apron and 36 percentage in bank. 2. The destructive damage of revetment influenced largely on sweeping bank away, and destructive sufferings of weir body and protected bed work affected on the destructi on of apron, otherwise the destructive sufferings of apron reversely also acted on the- destruction of weirbody and protected bed work. In other hand, partial damage of weir body at the side of revetment is largely influenced by destructive sweeping away of bank. 3. It was showed that the destructive phenomena of weir body occurred largely at the part of concentrated flow and also had a deep relation with scoring by concentrated flow around upstream foundation of weir. 4. The suffered region of revetment is the down stream part just near weir body and the degree of damage is more severe at the curved part of bank that center of flow is concentrated.