• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1097-1115
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• 2015

ICT in the IOT era is the core basis of modern society. This study investigated and analyzed the recent commercialization trends of smart fashion products internationally and domestically, to utilize them as the basis of data for developing user-friendly smart fashion products that can meet the needs of consumers. Keyword research using the most representative search engines, Google and Naver was conducted for searching for various wearable items commercialized actively since 2010. The final 78 products were classified by the physical area, and the key features and benefits were analyzed. Smart fashion products were classified as four physical types for the head and face, torso, arms and hands, and ankles and feet. Smart fashion products for each body part were developed in various ways, such as hats, glasses, lenses, virtual screens, earphones, headsets, clothing, watches, wrist bands, gloves, rings, wallets, bags, anklets, shoes, socks, and insoles. The main features were music playback, bluetooth, a camera based on NFC, virtual effects, health and safety protection through measuring heartbeat and momentum, and social network sharing of all kinds of information, based on inter-working with a smartphone. These functions represent the physical, social, and emotional interactions among users and their surroundings, as well as the users, themselves. The research results are expected to be used in future studies on planning user-friendly and marketable products through in-depth analysis of the design characteristics of smart fashion products as well as consumer responses.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.61-77
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to investigate difference and likeness on the form in women's Hanbok between the later Chosun Dynasty and modern times based on Belong's observing system for 'Apparel-Body Construct'. Belong's framework is composed 5 pairs of contrast word -'Closed or Open', 'Whole or Par', 'Planar Separation or Planar integration'. 'Flat or Rounded', and 'Determinate or Indeterminate'. Major findings of this study are as follows. First, the form of women's Hanbok in later Chosun Dynasty is 'Variably Closed', 'Part' and 'Rounded', whereas that in modern is 'Open', 'Whole' and 'Flat' Women's Hanbok of modern is lesser convex, and more open than that of later Chosun Dynasty according to increasing use of transparent textiles. Moreover, in comparison with old style, that of modern has the tendency of perceiving primarily whole feature by organic linkage of parts. Because of loose fit of Jeogori and rigid DongJong etc, characteristic of 'Plat' strengthened in modern Hanbok. Secondly, women's Hanbok in the later Chosun Dynasty and modern has common properties of 'Planar Seperation' and 'Determinate'. Women's Hanbok belongs to 'Planar Seperation', because the effect cognized to figure and ground. can be found between small parts and whole of Jegori, or can be found between the head and face. Jeuori and waist band, and Chima and under ware. Further more. it can be classified into 'Determinate'. because it use textiles which have no pattern un it or which show a subtle surface effect by texture changing.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.39-47
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• 2012

Organizations pursue a CRM strategy for the purpose of increasing business performance and value. However, firms face a multitude of organizational challenges associated with this endeavor. To reduce their risk of failure, it is suggested that firms undertake a deep analysis of organizational readiness prior to committing to a CRM initiative. Insurance sector is no exception to this fact. There is an increased need to concentrate on the various challenges thrown open by the public insurance firms in implementing CRM. Many insurance firms have invested into customer driven CRM but research indicates varying outcomes (Schmith 2004). While it is clear that there are significant issues involved in the CRM implementation and success and environment faced by the public sector. It is clear that business should have an easier time in applying CRM systems is the strategic value for public sector. With customers demanding more service and accessibility from administrators, public sector CRM software technologies have to offer best solutions for achieving process and cost objectives (Souder 2001). With results which go far beyond improved service delivery and include sustained cost reductions, increased customer knowledge and better employee morale, CRM software implementation and post product environments offer great upside value. Although there are material differences in public sector use of CRM strategy, they share at least one glaring similarity - they have much to gain from proven CRM software technology. As business methods cross over in the public sector, many government bodies are investigating how they can adopt and adapt various CRM models (Bleyer 2003). There is a need to understand the similarities and differences in public sector CRM to foster shared knowledge, business processes and planning functions to integrate disparate technologies and software platforms and then, of course, the organizational culture to support knowledge sharing (Peters 1997). For the public sector, there are clearly identified CRM processes which have resulted in increased profits and improved efficiency. These have focused on sales, marketing and customer service activities, which often operate along fundamentally different lines in various public sector insurance companies. Thus the present research paper makes an attempt to explore how public sector CRM methods can be adopted and subsequently adapted.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.460-468
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• 2021

A TBM is an equipment that excavates a tunnel with a full face by rotating a circular cutter head and its advantages are fast excavation rate and safe construction. A TBM, which is primarily used for tunnel excavation on civil construction sites, is easily adaptable to information and communication technology. Research related to unmanned and automated technology is being actively pursued. TBM applications for mining and energy resource development in other countries were investigated in this study. The difference of TBM applications between the mining and energy resource development and civil construction sites was examined. Technical factors such as geological conditions, depth, site access, TBM launching, alignment and inclination, TBM size, and others that should be considered when choosing a TBM were investigated. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of TBM application in mines and the technical requirements for TBM for successful mine application are summarized.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.61-69
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• 2023

Objectives: To examine the effect of complex Korean medical treatment on tic disorder in children who visited the neuropsychiatric clinic of Korean medicine. Methods: Medical records of 35 patients diagnosed with tic disorder based on DSM-V who received complex Korean medical treatment (herbal medicine, acupuncture and Korean psychotherapy) were reviewed. Tic disorder was then evaluated by Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) before and at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after treatment to determine whether their symptoms were improved. Results: 1) After the treatment, mean YGTSS was reduced from 35.54±14.77 to 23.20±12.65. There were statistically significant changes between scores according to the time of treatment (p< 0.05). 2) At the time of visit, symptoms of motor tics were in the order of eyes, neck and shoulders, mouth, head and arms & hands, nose, face, upper body and other parts, and legs and symptoms of vocal tics were in the order of sniffing, dry coughing and MMM, AA and whistling, and other sounds. 3) For 35 patients, herbal medicine was prescribed every two weeks. The frequency of prescriptions used was in the order of Shihogayonggolmoryo-tang, Gami-ondam-tang, and others. 4) The frequency of herbs used in 35 patients was in the order of Poria, Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, Pinelliae Rhizoma and Scutellariae Radix, Bupleuri Radix, Ostreae Concha and Bovis Ossis Fossilia, and others. Conclusions: Complex Korean medical treatment including herbal medicine, acupuncture, and Korean psychotherapy is effective for reducing tic symptoms in children.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.251-258
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• 2009

This study aimed to find out the difference of ordinary symptom according to Sasang Constitution and Gender. We collected 1241 subjects who had been diagnosed by the Sasang Constitution specialist and confirmed with Sasang Constitution drug response in the thirteen oriental hospitals. We researched ordinary symptoms through a paper and used Chi-square test to know association between items and Sasang constitution. There are significantly different items according to Sasang Constitutions statistically, which are "amount", "speed", "indigestion" and "appetite" in meal, "amount", "feeling after sweat" in sweat, "thickness" in feces, "foam" and "frequency" in urine, "sensitivity and hand, feet of part" in heat and cold" and "amount and habit" in drinking water". In male, "indigestion", "frequency in urine", "a lots of dream" and "hard to sleep" in Soeumin, "sweat in head and face" "foam of urine" and "warm of abdomen" in Taeeumin were different among Sasang Constitutions. In female, "sweat in chest" in Soeumin, "short time of feces" in Soyangin were different among Sasang Constitutions. From the above results, ordinary symptoms were different according to Sasang Constitutions. and in some part, there are also gender differences of Sasang Constitution.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.245-250
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• 2011

Purpose: Composite tissue allotransplantation has emerged as a new therapeutic modality to reconstruct major tissue defects of the head, neck and extremities. A questionnaire-based instrument, the Louisville Instrument for Transplantation (LIFT), has been developed to objectively assess the risk-versus-benefit ratio for composite tissue allotransplantation procedures. The objective of this study is to assess if the LIFT is a useful, reliable and valid tool to apply to the Korean population. Methods: Seventy-three medical students and 60 lay public completed the LIFT questionnaire (translated to Korean) over the period from February 2010 to April 2010. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha. Test-retest reliability was analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Construct validity was assessed by comparing Pearson's correlation coefficients between perceived improvements in quality of life and responses to risk tolerance questions concerning organ transplants. Results: Measurements of the test-retest reliability showed that Pearson's correlation coefficients ranged from 0.241 to 0.902, and Cronbach's alphas ranged from 0.52 to 0.80 for medical students and from 0.63 to 0.83 for the lay public. Pearson's correlation coefficients showed significant correlations between perceived improvements in quality of life and responses to risk tolerance questions concerning organ transplants. Hand transplant showed a significant correlation in medical students. Foot, hand, two hands, larynx, partial face transplants showed significant correlations for the lay public. Conclusion: The applicability of the LIFT to the Korean population was found to be reliable and valid. The LIFT may serve as a useful tool for clinical application in the Korean population.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.51-59
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• 1986

This study was conducted to analyse the exact causes of occupational accidents in Korean construction industry and to contribute to the accident prevention programs. The results and conclusions of the field survey are as follows ： 1) The accidents caused by hazardous conditions are 96 percent, and those by unsafe acts are 97.3 percent. The accidents caused simultaneously by two categories are nore than 96 percent. 2) The injured workers who were employed less than 3 months are 71.1 percent. Safety training for newly recruited workers should be required. 3) More than 40 percent of all accidents were occurred in the morning and more than 30 percent were in summer. Required caution should be paid for the time and season. 4) Fracture, cut/laceration/puncture and multiple injuries in the lower extremeties, upper entremeties and head as well as many kinds of injuries by the fall from elevation mainly occurred. Safety. shoes, safety gloves, safety helmets, safety glasses, face shields and safity belts should be used 5) As the sources of injuries, each of building/structure and materials is one third of all sources, and machinery is a quarter. 6) The use of hazardous methods/procedures, defects of agencies and inadequate guarding of builing/structure, materials' and machinery mainly caused the accident types, such as s truck by, struck against, fall from elevation, and fall on same level. Such a hazardous conditiion should not be used and be correctet 7) The unsafe acts, such as improper use of hands or body parts, the operation or working at unsafe speed and improper use of equipment mainly caused accidents. Safety training for the control of such a unsafe acts should be strengthened.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.115-123
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• 2001

The primary method of diagnosis in craniofacial deformity patient is used by gross inspection. The study for objective analysis and evaluation in Korean maxillofacial soft tissue portions is rare and our normals have been based on Caucasian such as American. But it is difficult to apply it to ours so we studied the frontal photometric measurements for maxillofacial Korean normals. The photograph were taken with the subject sitting in head position parallel with interpupillary plane to the floor. During taking pictures, facial analyser by Obwegeser in Martin was used for correct measurements. 54 male and 57 female ages 14 to 15 years were selected from a group of 111 healthy middle school students in Inchon. 1. The vertical measurements in glabella-subnasale, subnasale-stomion and stomion-menton in the male were higher than in the female subjects in $14{\sim}15$ years old Korean, so middle and lower third face were higher than those of female(p<0.05). 2. The horizontal measurements of female was higher than those of male in the rt. and It. eye width but smaller in nose width and lip width(p<0.05). 3. There was no significant difference in gender compared with soft cheek and mention angle measurements When our reports were compared with american white population, the vertical proportions in Korean normals were similar to american and the line measurements in middle facial length, nose width and intercanthal distance were higher than those of american.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.437-447
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• 2010

This study compares by gender the preference about ideal female height and body parts. Data was collected through a survey of 203 males and 236 females. The results are as follows: Males and females prefer 161~165cm as the ideal female height and 176~180cm as the ideal male height. In regards to the ideal height difference between couples, both males and females prefer males to be taller, with the head of the female at the same height as the neck of the male. Males and females prefer the shorter height than the ideal height of a fashion model and Miss Korea who got the prize from the korean beauty contest. In the case of Miss Korea, there has been a demand for tall women to participate in world beauty contests. However, this study shows that young people prefer a shorter height than the society expects. Males and females think the shoulder width is ideal when it is 2 times wider than the width of a face in regards to the preference of the ideal female body parts. There is a difference between males and females in the ideal breast size. Males prefer C-cup size while females prefer B-cup size. The ideal size of waist preferred is between 60~65cm to both males and females. The ideal shape of legs preferred to both males and females is a slightly muscular shape.