• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.157-169
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• 2010

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of Hwa-Byung(HB) patients, draw the clinical key issue of HB, and provide the data as the basis for development of Clinical Guideline of HB. Methods : The study participants included 151 subjects who thought they have HB in 9 site. For all patients, we used HB epidemiologic study protocol, which include the Korean version of the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV Diagnosis (SCID-1), diagnostic criteria of HB, symptoms check list, pattern identification tool, psychiastric psychological questionaires, and Framingham coronary risk score(FRS). Results : 1. For all participants, 62 % of subjects were diagnosed with HB. These patients had comorbid DSM-IV diagnoses with depression (65%) and anxiety (27%). But 22% of these patients had only HB. 2. HB patients had various physical symptoms when visiting, were diagnosed as various disease, and undergone medical treatments in the past. Among the diagonsed illness, Gastronitestinal diseases (51.6%), psychiatric disorders(40.9%), endocrine diseases(39.8%) were being the most frequent. The frequent physical symptoms of HB patients reported were chest discomfort, head ache, pallpitation, frequent sigh, amnesia, shoulder pain, dry mouth, eye fatigue etc. 3. HB patients had high scores in psychologic questionares, CES-D, STAI, and STAXI. It means that HB patients might be low-level emotional stability. 4. Participant had negative opinion about the treatment of HB that it would be difficult or impossible (65.7%), but they neglect the need of medical treatment. Conclusions : This result shows that HB is comorbid with various psychiatric disease, but it has different physio-psychological symptoms from others and there were only HB patients. so we identify HB is independent disease. Moreover, there were the wrong perception of HB which blocking treatments. These problems support that the neccesity of development of Clinical Guideline of HB.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.450-457
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• 1991

본 연구는 생화학적 검사에 의한 철 영양상태의 판정시 검사항목에 따른 판정의 정확도를 보기 위하여 외견상 건강한 18~21세의 여대생 57명을 대상으로 혈액성분 중 Hb, Hct, serum ferritin을 측정하고 그 상관성을 분석하였다. 1) 조사대상자의 Hb는 평균이 $13.9\pm0.96g/dl,$ 중앙값이 14.1g/dl 였다. Hct의 평균은 $41.4\pm2.85%,$ 중앙값은 42.0%였고, ferritin은 평균 $20.7\pm15.5ng/ml,$ 중앙값 16.5ng/ml, 최빈값 3.40ng/ml 였다. Hb, Hct, ferritin값 모두 Kolmogorov-Smirnov test결과 정규분포 하는 것으로 나타났다. 2) Hb와 Hct간에는 r=0.9467(p<0.001)로 (Hct=2.28+2.81$\times$Hb)의 회귀관계를 보였다. Hb와 ferritin간에는 r=0.5396(p<0.001)로 $\times$Hb)를, Hct와 ferritin간에는 r=0.5591(p<0.001)로 (log(ferritin)=-1.73+0.07$\times$Hct>의 회귀식이 구해졌다. 3) 빈혈발현율은 Hb 12g/dl를 기준시 5.3%, Hct 36% 기준시 10.5%, ferritin 12ng/ml 기준시 36.8% 였다. 4) Ferritin 함량을 기준하여 Hb, Hct판정에 대한 신뢰도를 분석한 결과, 빈혈 판정시 많이 이용되는 Hb 12g/dl 미만이나 Hct 36% 이하를 기준했을 때 두 방법 모두 sensitivity가 매우 낮았으며 specificity는 매우 높은 값을 보여, 빈혈 발현율이 높은 우리나라의 경우 Hb나 Hct의 판정기준치를 높일 필요가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 5) 빈혈 판정을 위한 검사방법으로서의 Hb측정은 sensitivity, specificity 등을 고려할 때 판정 기준치를 14g/dl로 하는 것이 타당할 것으로 보인다. Hct의 경우 판정치를 40%로 높일 경우에 false-negative rate가 42.9%로 낮아졌다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.165-174
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• 2017

이 연구는 소수성 폴리락타이드(PLA) 블록과 친수성 하이퍼브랜치드 폴리글리세롤(hbPG) 블록으로 구성된 양친매성 블록 공중합체(PLA-b-hbPG)의 합성방법에 대한 것이다. 또한, hbPG 블록을 4-hydroxyl cinnamic acid (CA)로 에스터 반응화하여, 광가교가 가능한 블록 공중합체인 PLA-b-hbPG-CA에 대한 접근법에 대해서도 보고하였다. 연구된 양친성 고분자는 친수기에 많은 양으로 존재하는 폴리글리세롤에 의해 화장품용 약물 전달체로 사용이 가능한 작은 크기(100 nm)의 마이셀을 형성함을 확인하였다. 또한, hbPG으로 구성된 마이셀의 corona 부분은 우수한 친수성을 나타내어 생체 내 독성을 최소화할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 소수성 활성성분이 담지된 PLA-b-hbPG-CA 마이셀은 생체적합성 및 자기조립구조에 의해 화장품용 약물 전달체로 활용이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권11호
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• pp.4005-4010
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• 2011

We investigated thermal behavior of spin-coated films of P(HB-co-HHx)/PEG blends by using infraredreflection absorption (IRRAS) spectroscopy and 2D correlation spectroscopy. Based on 2D IRRAS correlation spectra, we could determine the sequence of spectral intensity changes with increasing temperature that PEG band changes first and then a band for crystalline component of P(HB-co-HHx) changes before a band for amorphous component. The intensities of bands for PEG and amorphous P(HB-co-HHx) were changed greatly as PEG weigh % of P(HB-co-HHx)/PEG blends increased. Transition temperatures of P(HB-co-HHx)/PEG blends were successfully determined by 2D gradient mapping method. The transition temperature of spincoated films of 98/2 and 90/10 P(HB-co-HHx)/PEG blends and 80/20 P(HB-co-HHx)/PEG blend determined by 2D gradient map are, respectively, about 137.5 and $132.5^{\circ}C$. Furthermore, P(HB-co-HHx)/PEG blends show an additional transition temperature that have been interpreted in terms of different lamellar thicknesses in spin coated films.

• BMB Reports
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.367-372
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• 2003

The stability of four hemoglobins (Hb) in dimer forms (low concentration) were investigated by the kinetics of denaturation. The rate constants of denaturation were obtained by variation of 280 nm absorption versus time in 10 mM Tris-HCl, 10 mM EDTA, pH 8.0 at $45^{\circ}C$ in the absence and presence of 0.5 M ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), formamide, and glycerol. The results show the trend of rate constants in different co-solvents in the following order: chicken hemolysate < human hemolysate and chicken Hb D < chicken Hb A. The buried surface area was calculated for Hb samples in the absence of cosolvents. Accordingly, the trend points out that: chicken Hb D > chicken Hb A > human Hb A. These results suggest that both chicken hemolysate and chicken Hb D are relatively more stable than human and chicken Hb A, respectively. However, the denaturation rate constants of Hb in different co-solvents have designated the following order: ethanol > DMSO > formamide > glycerol. As a matter of fact, this phenomenon is an indication of an increase in the denaturation capacity (DC) and hydrophobicity, and a decrease in the surface tension of the solution in the preceding co-solvents.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.125-128
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• 2010

HbA1c test measures the amount of glycated hemoglobin in blood. HbA1c shows the average of blood glucose levels for the past three months, this is a better indicator of how overall diabetes is doing. HbA1c gives a much better idea of how the body is breaking down the glucose. Therefore, this HbA1c is very important tool for maintaining normal glucose levels for pre-and diabetic patients. Total 408 participants were tested HbA1c voluntarily from Chosunilbo Health Expo (8th~11th, July 2010). Through this small-scaled direct HbA1c, about 54.7% (207 out of 408) was shown glucose tolerance and diabetes. However, 61 from 157 participants who were shown under 6.9% HbA1c (normal and pre-diabetic stage) are taking only antidiabetic drugs to maintain a normal blood glucose. Regular HbA1c test can bring an important management and awareness about controlling blood sugar level and prevention of diabetic complications.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.242-251
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• 2023

마우스 모델을 사용하여, 8주 케톤체(베타-하이드록시뷰티레이트, β-HB)가 지구성 운동 수행능력과 골격근의 단백질 합성 및 분해에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 48마리의 수컷 ICR 마우스(8주령)를 무작위로 4개 그룹으로 나누었다: 비운동 통제군(Sed+Con), 비운동+베타-하이드록시뷰티레이트(Sed+β-HB), 운동 통제군(Exe+Con), 운동+베타-하이드록시뷰티레이트(Exe+β-.HB). β-HB 투여를 위해 β-HB를 PBS (150 mg/mL)에 용해시켜 8주 동안 매일 피하 주사(250 mg/kg)하였다. 운동 훈련을 위해 마우스는 8주 동안 20분 트레드밀 달리기 운동 훈련을 주 5일 수행하였다. 훈련은 10° 경사도에서 10 m/min 속도에서 5 min 동안 실시하고 나서, 매 1 min 마다 1 m/min의 속도를 나머지 15 min 동안 증가시켰다. 8주간의 처치 후, 내장 지방량과 골격근량, 혈액 매개변수, 자가포식 및 단백질 합성 마커가 분석되었다. 데이터는 SPSS 21 프로그램을 사용하여 ANOVA (p<0.05)로 분석되었다. Exe+β-HB 그룹의 혈중 젖산 수치는 모든 3개 그룹(Sed+Con, Sed+β-HB 및 Exe+β-HB)보다 유의하게 낮았다(p<0.05). Sed+Con 및 Exe+Con 그룹에 비해, 8주 Exe+β-HB 처치는 최대 달리기 수행 시간(탈진 시간)을 유의하게 증가시켰다(p<0.05). 8주 β-HB 투여는 마우스의 골격근에서 자가포식 유동과 자가포식 관련 단백질을 유의하게 감소시켰다(p<0.05). 반대로, β-HB와 지구력 운동 훈련의 조합된 처치는 단백질 합성(mTOR 신호 및 번역 속도)을 증가시켰다(p<0.05). 8주간의 β-HB 처치와 지구력 운동 훈련은 마우스 골격근에서 지구력 수행능력 증가, 단백질 합성 증가, 단백질 분해 감소 효과를 보여주었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.722-725
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• 1999

Filamentation-suppressed recombinant Escherichia coli strain harboring the Alcaligenes latus polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) biosynthesis genes and the E. coli ftsZ gene was constructed and cultivated for the production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)] with high concentration and high content. By the pH-stat fed-batch culture of this recombinant E. coli strain XL1-Blue(pJC5), the final cell concentration and P(3HB) concentration obtained in 44.25h were 172.2g cell dry weight/l and 141.9g P(3HB)/l, respectively, resulting in productivity of 3.21g P(3HB)/l-h. More importantly, the P(3HB) content obtained was 82.4 wt %, which was significantly higher than that obtained with the recombinant E. coli harboring only the PHA biosynthesis genes.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.31-35
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• 1984

The hemoglobin phenotype and the gene frequencies of 44 Formosan deer(Cervus nippon) in Kyung-Gi area were examined by using cellulose acetate and starch gel electrophoresis. 1. The method of cellulose acetate electrophoresis was simplier, more clear and preserative than starch gel electrophoresis. 2. The hemoglobin phenotype was appeared 3 types as $Hb^F$ $Hb^{FS}$ and $Hb^S$. The frequencies of appearance were $Hb^F$ 47.7%, $Hb^{FS}$ 47.7% and $Hb^S$ 4.5%, respectively. 3. The genetic factors of hemoglobin were observed as $Hb^F$ and $Hb^S$ and the rates of gene frequencies were 71.6% and 28.4%, respectively.

• BMB Reports
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.595-599
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• 1998

To investigate conformational information of a low oxygen affinity recombinant hemoglobin (rHb) containing $96Val{\rightarrow}Trp$ mutation at the ${\alpha}96$ position, we ave produced rHb (${\alpha}96Val{\rightarrow}Phe$) and rHb (${\alpha}96Val{\rightarrow}Tyr$), using the Escherichia coli expression system and site-directed mutagenesis. The oxygen affinity of rHb (${\alpha}96Val{\rightarrow}Phe$) is similar to that of human normal adult hemoglobin (Hb A). However, the oxygen affinity of rHb (${\alpha}96Val{\rightarrow}Tyr$) showed much lower oxygen affinity than Hb A which is similar to that of rHb (${\alpha}96Val{\rightarrow}Tyr$), providing an opportunity as a potential candidate for a hemoglobin-based blood substitute. Both rHb (${\alpha}96Val{\rightarrow}Phe$) and rHb (${\alpha}96Val{\rightarrow}Tyr)$ showed high cooperativity in oxygen binding. IH-NMR spectroscopy shows that both rHb (${\alpha}96Val{\rightarrow}Phe$) and rHb (${\alpha}96Val{\rightarrow}Tyr$) have very similar tertiary structure around the heme pockets and uaternary structure in the ${\alpha}_1/{\beta}_2$ subunit interface ompared to Hb A. The low oxygen affinity of rHb (${\alpha}96Val{\rightarrow}Tyr$) has been suggested to be due to a hydrogen bond caused by an extra hydroxyl group not present in rHb (${\alpha}96Val{\rightarrow}Phe$). However, investigation of the carbonmonoxy form of rHb (${\alpha}96Val{\rightarrow}Phe$) and (${\alpha}96Val{\rightarrow}Try$) in the presence of inositol hexaphosphate at low temperature suggests that low oxygen affinity of (${\alpha}96Val{\rightarrow}Try$) may arise from a mechanism different to that of rHb (${\alpha}96Val{\rightarrow}Trp$).