• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.303-308
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• 2013

Objective: The aim of this study is to understand health effect of hand-arm transmitted vibration. Background: Electronic vibration tools have been used in many industries. These tools evoke hand-arm transmitted vibration that cause hand-arm vibration syndrome. Method: Various papers on the hand-arm transmitted vibration and its health effects have been reviewed to know what health effect caused. Results: Hand-arm transmitted vibration causes circulatory, neural, musculoskeletal and other disturbance. Conclusion: The previous studies focused on the epidemiology and physiology for hand-arm transmitted vibration. So, now we should focus on a prevention and guideline of hand-arm transmitted vibration. Application: These results can be used to know health effect of hand-arm transmitted vibration.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.75-86
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• 2000

In this study, the characteristics of transmitted vibration on HAS(hand-arm system) were identified to evaluate physical load due to the work surface orientation, tool weight and push force during powered drilling tasks. The characteristics of transmitted vibration on work surface orientation showed that the acceleration of transmitted vibration on horizontal work surface was higher than that on the vertical work surface. Regarding the characteristics of transmitted vibration on tool weight, the vibration acceleration level becomes lower as the tool weight becomes heavier. The amount of transmitted vibration on hand-arm system was decreased down to the tool weight of 2.4kg. However, as the tool weight becomes heavier than 2.8kg, the amount of transmitted vibration was increased and had peak value at 3.2kg of tool weight. Regarding the characteristics of transmitted vibration on push force, the vibration acceleration level goes higher, as the push force becomes larger. The characteristics of transmitted vibration on the axis of vibration showed that the direction of $Z_h$ had the highest acceleration compared to the direction of $X_h$, and $Y_h$. The direction of $X_h$, $Y_h$ and $Z_h$ had the highest acceleration of transmitted vibration on the hand, wrist and elbow, respectively. The results of this study showed that the condition which affect the lowest physical load to the subject on the powered drilling task would be working with the 2.4kg of tool weight on the vertical work surface.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.1038-1042
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• 2003

In order to evaluate dynamic impedance of a hand-arm system it is necessary to measure the hand-transmitted vibration and the reaction force at the same time while gripping the vibrating handle. In the study a device was developed to measure both the vibration and the force. The device consists of a measurement handle with four strain gauge and two accelerometers and a PC based control system with a program for the signal processing and evaluation of the hand-transmitted vibration and reaction force. The handle was installed on the vibration shaker so that it can move by the generated signal from the control system. As an application of the system dynamic reaction force and the frequency weighted acceleration at the handle attached to the shaker were measured at various grip force and feed force. This system will be very useful in the area of impedance measurement and the evaluation of performance of anti-vibration gloves.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.299-305
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• 2000

In this study, the characteristics of transmitted vibration on hand-arm system are examined when operating electric hand tools. Also through the correlation analysis between anthroponetric data and transmitted vibration, and comparison study with appropriate amount of work done based on the ISO criteriaa, the basic data for the ergonomic work design can be presented. The types of electric tools and works for the experiment are drill (general type and impact type), grinder, wire brush and steel to analyze the characteristics of transmitted vibrations, the amount of transmitted vibrations in X, Y and Z direction at tool(T), hand(H), wrist(W), and the joint between foream and upper arm(A) were measured at the frequency range of 6.3∼1000[HZ]. Also, the limit of human exposure to vibration, and the response of frequency were conducted.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 2007

This study was performed to evaluate the characteristics of transmitted vibration to hand-arm system under different work posture while operating a light-weighted powered hand grinder. For the experiment, 8 different types of wrist posture (natural, unlar-flexion, radual-flexion, flexion, extension, complex posture, and etc.) and 3 types of feed force (20[N], 50[N], 70[N]) were considered. 10 male subjects were employed to polish metal plate with a hand grinder. All of them were normal and healthy with no history and symptom of the work related musculoskeletal disorders in the dominant hand. Vibration acceleration data were recorded with sampling rate, 2048[Hz]. In addition, unweighted overall R.M.S. acceleration at the tool and wrist, and transmissibility between them were used to evaluate factors from the recorded tri-axial vibration acceleration. The results indicate that transmissibility of natural wrist posture was significantly higher than others. In addition, as the feed force becomes larger, the vibration was transmitted in large quantities to hand-arm system through radius.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2001.11b
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• pp.1361-1364
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• 2001

The recent national contract (Ecotechnopia 21) supported by the ministry of environment puts much significance on new issues for the assessment of human effects arising from vibration and noise exposed to human. This paper focuses only on hand-arm vibration since it has been a major problem in protecting vibration exposure to human. To set up a systematic way of assessing adverse effects of hand-arm vibration, surveys were made on recent international standards and researches related to hand-arm vibration. The measurement and evaluation methods of hand-arm transmitted vibration, the relationship between vibration exposure and effects on health, and the assessment methods of nerve dysfunctions are addressed in this paper. Those methods are linked into a logical way of assessing effects of hand-arm vibration on human. Finally, the current activities and achievements in this work are briefly summarised.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2001.11b
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• pp.691-694
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• 2001

The recent national contract (Ecotechnopia 21) supported by the ministry of environment puts much significance on new issues for the assessment of human effects arising from vibration and noise exposed to human. This paper focuses only on hand-arm vibration since it has been a major problem in protecting vibration exposure to human. To set up a systematic way of assessing adverse effects of hand-arm vibration, surveys were made on recent international standards and researches related to hand-arm vibration. The measurement and evaluation methods of hand-arm transmitted vibration, the relationship between vibration exposure and effects on health, and the assessment methods of nerve dysfunctions are addressed in this paper. Those methods are linked into a logical way of assessing effects of hand-arm vibration on human. Finally, the current activities and achievements in this work are briefly summarised.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.1032-1037
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• 2003

This work measured the hand-transmitted vibration due to shipyard worker's grinding and assessed the vibration exposure for predicted 10% prevalence of vibration-induced white finger in a group of exposed persons according to test procedure of ISO 5349-1. And also the transmissibility performance of resilient material, mainly applied to anti-vibration gloves in present market was measured on the basis of ISO 13753 and confirmed that the material would Probably not provide greater attenuation below 30㎐, the dominant frequency range of hand-transmitted vibration due to grinder.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.1043-1047
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• 2003

Most of the measurement and the evaluation of hand-transmitted vibration have been performed by using a small size single axis accelerometer between the handle and the hand palm or a three axis accelerometer attached on an adapter outside the hand(indirect measurement). It is most desirable for the correct evaluation of hand-transmitted vibration form the power tool handle to measure the acceleration between the handle surface and the hand palm in the three axis(direct measurement) as recommended in ISO 5349-1. In the study three axes acceleration measurement device was developed of which the thickness was less than 7mm so that it can be placed between the handle and the palm without any inconvenience during the measurement. To verify the performance of the developed device, measured acceleration by the two methods, direct and indirect, were compared in the study.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.880-883
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• 2006

The reduction of tool vibration has been a serious issue for both employers and workers because of the risks of vibration transmitted to the workers. In this study a hand-arm vibration measurement and evaluation system was developed based on ISO 5349:2001 and used for analyzing relation of vibration level and components of tools. This system consists of a notebook PC installed a LabVIEW program and the data acquisition system including two 3-axial accelerometers and a NI-DAQ card. Vibration measurement tests were conducted for eight angle grinders and four impact wrenches where 3 subjects were used for each of the tools. The relation between different components of each tool and its vibration total value made it possible to set-up a guideline of tool design. In the past engineers developed tools by using their experience and intuition, but by using this system it became possible to design tool components so as to minimize the risks of hand-transmitted vibration.