• 생약학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2014

Microwaves are non-ionizing electromagnetic waves of frequency between 300MHz to 300GHz and positioned between the X-ray and infrared rays in the electromagnetic spectrum. In recent years, the use of microwave for extraction of ingredient from plant material has shown remarkable research interest and potential. Scutellaria radix has been used as a traditional medicine for a variety of diseases. It has been reported to exert beneficial health effects, such as anti-bacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and free-radical scavenging. Oxidative stress or the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads neuronal cellular death and dysfunction, and it contributes to neuronal degenerative disease such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and stroke. In this study, we aimed to compare the neuroprotective and antioxidant effect of Scutellaria radix extracted by different methods using hot-water extraction (SBE-DW) or microwave extraction (SBE-DW-MW). As a result, we first examined HPLC analysis of hot-water and microwave extracts of Scutellaria radix. The hot-water and microwave extracts of Scutellaria radix showed the discernible difference patterns of HPLC analysis. Microwave-water extracts of Scutellaria radix increased DPPH radical scavenging activity more than hot-water extraction. Microwave-water extracts of Scutellaria radix also showed neuroprotective effects and ROS inhibition against glutamate-induced oxidative stress in mouse hippocampal HT22 cells, but hot-water extraction not showed. In addition, the phosphorylation of MAPKs induced by glutamate insult was prevented by microwave-water extracts of Scutellaria radix. Thus, these results suggested that microwave extraction can be utilized for improving the extraction efficiency and biological activity of Scutellaria radix.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권7호
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• pp.2201-2204
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• 2014

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권10호
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• pp.3109-3112
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• 2013

• 고문화
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• 64호
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• pp.47-74
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• 2004

필자는 민속의약에 대한 연구가 일천한 현실에서 이에 대한 이해를 도울 목적으로 350년의 역사와 전통을 갖는 대구약령시(大邱藥令市)를 중심으로 전통의약과 관련한 유$\cdot$무형 전승문화의 존재양상을 유물과 자료, 지식과 기능, 행위전승 등의 측면으로 나누어 고찰해 보고자 하였다. 대구약령시의 유$\cdot$무형 전승문화는 약령시의 고유기능 수행과 관련하여 오래 전부터 전해져 내려온 유형적 문화요소와 기능$\cdot$지식$\cdot$행위양식$\cdot$규범 등의 무형적 은화요소를 총칭한다. 약령시 전승문화는 약령시 사람들의 생업활동과 관련된 물질전승과 기능 지식전승, 행위전승 등으로 대별된다. 물질전승은 한약재의 관리와 유통, 질병 치료를 포함하여 약령시 유지에 필요했던 각종의 물질적 증거들(material evidences)로서 약령시전시관과 한방 관련업소 등에 전시 및 소장되어 있다. 지식$\cdot$기능전승은 한약재를 정선(세척$\cdot$절단$\cdot$건조$\cdot$선별$\cdot$작근) 하여 저장$\cdot$유통시킴은 물론 약으로 제조하거나 치료하는 등의 관련 지식과 기능을 의미한다. 이는 대부분 업소에 오래 동안 종업원으로 근무하면서 형성되는 전인적 인간관계에 기초한 도제시스템에 의해 전승되어 榮다. 대구약령시에는 유구한 역사와 전통 및 전문 인력의 밀집과 수세대에 걸친 비전(秘傳) 등으로 많은 비방과 탁월한 약재 감별지식이 전승되고 있다. 약령시 행위전승은 약령시의 생활경험 및 문화사적 의의와 가치를 발양하고 계승하기 위해 반복되는 행위의 여러 표상들을 제의적$\cdot$기예적$\cdot$오락적 차원으로 정형화한 것으로서 약령시축제와 약령제가 대표적이다. 이상의 사실처럼, 대구약령시는 민속의약 전통에 대한 맥락적 이해를 가능하게 해주는 중요한 삶의 공간이자 민속의약의 저수지이기도 하다. 따라서 약령시 사람들의 생활경험과 기억을 포함하여 관련 물증들을 시$\cdot$공간적 차원에서 수집$\cdot$분류$\cdot$해석하고 효율적으로 보존$\cdot$계승$\cdot$발전시킬 수 있는 방안을 강구할 필요가 있다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.177-182
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• 2012

Oxidative stress potentially induces neurotoxicity which is believed to underlie several major age-related diseases of the central nervous system. This study sought to identify the cytoprotective effects of sixty-nine Cambodian plants against glutamate-induced cell death. Cultured HT22 cells were applied as an in vitro model, and neurotoxicity was induced in these neuronal cells by exposure to a determined concentration of glutamate. Sixty-nine plant sources, as Cambodia's indigenous species, were purchased from O'reusey Market, Phnom Penh, and extracted with ethanol. These extracts were screened for cytoprotective effects against glutamate-triggered neurotoxicity in HT22 cells at concentrations of 100 and 300 ${\mu}g/ml$. Of these, eight ethanol extracts, bark of Anacardium occidentale, bark and sapwood of Bauhinia pulla, flowers of Borassus flabellifer, stems and leaves of Coix lacryma-jobi, bark and sapwood of Diospyros nitida, sapwood of Dipterocarpus obtusifolius, stems of Oryza rufipogon, and fruits of Phyllanthus emblica, showed significant cytoprotective effects against glutamate-induced cell damage and degeneration in HT22 cells.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.20-32
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• 2022

Objectives: Kyungok-go (KOG) is a traditional multi-herbal medicine commonly used for enforcing weakened immunity for long time. Recently, there are several reports that KOG has anti-inflammatory and immuno-stimulatory activities in many experimental models. However, the protective effects of KOG on neuronal inflammation are still undiscovered. Thus, we investigated the neuro-protective activity of KOG on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse microglia cells. To find out KOG's anti-neuroinflammatory effects on microglial cells, we examined the production of nitrite using griess assay, and mRNA expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α using real time RT-PCR. In addition, to examine the regulating mechanisms of KOG, we investigated the protein expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and Iκ-Bα by western blot. KOG inhibited the elevation of nitrite, iNOS and COX-2 on LPS-stimulated BV2 cells. Also, KOG significantly inhibited the pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α on LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. Moreover, KOG inhibited the activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), P38 and degradation of Iκ-Bα but not the activation of extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) on LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. These results showed KOG has the anti-inflammatory effects through the inhibition on nitrite, iNOS, COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α via the deactivation of JNK, p38 and nuclear factor (NF)-κB on LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. Thereby, KOG could offer the new and promising treatment for neurodegenerative disease related to neuroinflammation.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.75-79
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• 1969

Aconitum Koreanum rhizoma has been applied in therapy from old in oriental medicine (Korean Hanbang), The action of the water and alcohol extracts of the rhizoma and root of Aconitum Koreanum R. Raymond, a common herb in Korea, on the isolated Frog heart and $LD_{50}$ were observed. The results of the studies were as follows: 1. The cardiac effect in the concentration of the extracts$(10^{-3})$ was increased and duratrin of action prolonged approximately 10 minutes, but in the extracts $(3{\times}10^{-3})blocked$. 2. The $LD_{50}$ of extracts were 722 mg/kg (water) and 151mg/kg (alcohol) intraperitoneally in mice.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.219-225
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• 2002

By the treatment of herb-med, acupunture and Korean(韓方)- medicine, symptoms of nasal polyp has taken a turn for the better, but nasal polyp itself was removed in completely was imppssible. Althogh a surgical operation of western -medicine, the nasal polyp tend to recur. In China, the new treatment that Chinese(漢方)-medicine and western-medicine combined was tried. The trial was effective in decreasing recurrance rate and treatment period. But it's a case of completely removed Nasal polyp through the more vanous Korean(韓方)-medicine, The patient answered in the affinnative of electric acupunture, nasal bloodletting, vaporization, external application against the existing treatment(herb-med, acupunture, moxa). If electric acupunture, nasal bloodletting, vaporization, external application are receiving careful study, they are a help to nasal polyp and opthalmologic, otolaryngologic disease.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.138-143
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• 2001

1. Background Among the clinical application of Sasang Constitutional diagnostic methods, a morphologic study of face is recognized by the Ministry of Health and Welfare as a legitimate Hanbang diagnostic method. But there are some indirect different view about this method. We should criticize this method for the better. 2. Method We criticize the current morphologic study of face by its literature basis, its measurement and its result, compared with ${\ulcorner}$Dongyisoosebowon${\lrcorner}$ and other related literatures. 3. Conclusions We suggest thar the current morphologic study of face is not proper for the clinical application of Sasang Constitutional diagnostic method in the point of the lack of literature basis and the intervention of the examiner's subjectivities.

• 생약학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.54-58
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• 2012

To increase the extraction yield and biological effect of antler by fermentation, probiotics fermenting antler were screened from rice shells. Of screened Bacillus species, the most potently antler-degrading probiotics was Bacillus KH-07. The supernatant yield of fermented antler is highest. Bacillus KH-07 may belong to Bacillus licheniformis by biochemical and 16S rDNA sequencing analyses. The KH-07-fermented antler (50 mg/kg) increased the anti-fatigue effect 2.3-fold compared to that of non-treated antler. Furthermore, the KH-07-fermented antler improved $CCl_4$-induced liver injury in mice. Based on these findings, the extraction yield and biological effect of antler can be increased by KH-07 fermentation.