• Title/Summary/Keyword: Haman

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Quality characteristics of domestic dried persimmon and imported dried persimmon (국내산과 수입산 시판 곶감의 품질특성)

  • Hur, Sang-Sun;Kang, Bok-Hee;Lee, Dong-Sun;Lee, Sang-Han;Lee, Jin-Man
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.140-145
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    • 2014
  • The physicochemical quality characteristics of the domestic and imported commercial dried persimmons were investigated. The moisture content of dried persimmon was approximately 22.78~61.64%, while the moisture contents of the Chinese dried persimmon were 22.78 and 28.20%, respectively, and were lower than the domestic dried persimmon. The pH of the Chinese dried persimmon was 5.09~5.99, while the pH of the Haman dried persimmon has the highest value (pH 5.99). The Brix was approximately $25.07{\sim}42.93^{\circ}Brix$ and weight of dried persimmons were 29.77~77.95 g, while the weight of Yeongdong dried persimmon has the lowest (29.77 g), and the weight of the Sancheong dried persimmon has the highest value. The L values were 18.27~66.20. The a values were -1.26~10.70 and a value of the Sancheong dried persimmon was 10.70, which was the highest. The b values were 2.81~25.25, wherein the b value of the Cheongdo semi-dried persimmon and Sancheong dried persimmon were25.25 and 21.98, respectively, and were higher than others. The appearance score of the sensory characteristics were the highest in Cheongdo semi-dried persimmon, while the appearance score of Wanju black persimmon was 1.39, which was the lowest. The overall acceptability of the Chinese dred persimmons (No.2) was the highest, while that of the Yeongdong, Hadong and Sangju dried persimmons have higher values than the other dried persimmons. The sulfur dioxide content of the 9 kinds of commercial dried persimmon was lower than 10 mg/kg, but not detected.

Areal Distribution Ratios of Constituent Rocks with Geologic Ages and Rock Types by GIS in the Gyeongsangbug-Do and Daegu Areas (GIS에 의한 경북-대구지역 구성암류의 지질시대별 및 암종별 분포율)

  • Yun, Hyun-Soo;Lee, Jin-Young;Yang, Dong-Yoon;Hong, Sei-Sun;Kim, Ju-Yong;Yi, Sang-Heon
    • The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.1-18
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    • 2010
  • On the ArcGIS 9.2 program in Gyeongsangbug-Do and Daegu areas, distribution ratios of rock types and geologic ages were obtained from the 1 : 250,000 scaled digital geologic and geomorphic maps. The obtained distribution ratios here will be used the geologic information data for industrialization and development planning of rock resources. The Gyeongsangbug-Do area consists of 86 rock types that can be divided into 10 large groups in geologic age. Their geologic distribution ratios show the decreasing in the order of Cretaceous, Precambrian, Jurassic, Quaternary, Age-unknown and Tertiary, all of which occupy the prevailing ratio of 96.30% in the area. Of which, sixteen rock types are somewhat dominant ones (64.04%). They are of Precambrian Yulri group and granite gneiss of the Yeongnam metamorphic complex and biotite gneiss of the Sobaegsan metamorphic complex, Age-unknown granite, Jurassic granite, Cretaceous Gasongdong and Dogyedong formations of the Yeongyang sub-basin, Nagdong and Chunsan formations and intermediate-basic volcanics of Euiseong sub-basin, Jinju and Jindong formations and andesite-andesitic tuff of Milyang sub-basin, and hornblende granite, and Quaternary alluvium. They show relatively narrow ranges of 2.07-6.53% in geologic distribution in exception of Jurassic granite showing 13.14%. And the rest 70 rock types appear to very narrow range between 0.01 and 1.94 %. On the other hand, twelve rock types are developed in the Daegu area. Their geologic ages appear to be classified into Cretaceous and Quaternary occupying 86.05% and 11.39%, respectively. Seven rock types take possession of 94.04% among the all rocks. The major rock types are Jinju formation of the Sindong group, Chilgog, Haman and Jindong formations of the Hayang group, andesite and andesitic tuff, hornblende granite and Quaternary alluvium. With exception of andesite and andesitic tuff of 37.40%, the types show slightly wide range of 3.25-17.39%, which apparently differ trends from that of Gyeongsangbug-Do area. And the rest of rock types have narrow ranges of 0.22-1.81% in the Daegu area.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Symptoms Prevalence and Sleep Apnea-Associated Factors in Korean Adult Population: A Cross-sectional Survey of Three Rural Communities (한국 성인의 수면무호흡 증상 유병률 및 위험요인 : 3개 농촌지역을 대상으로 한 단시적 연구)

  • Sohn, Chang-Ho;Jeong, Do-Un;Sung, Joo-Hon;Chang, Song-Hun;Lee, Kun-Sei;Lee, Won-Jin;Shin, Hai-Rim;Lee, Bu-Ok;Cho, Soo-Hun
    • Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.88-102
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    • 1998
  • Objectives : We attempted to study obstructive sleep apnea symptoms prevalence and sleep apnea-associated factors in Korean rural adult population. Methods : In 1,441 adult subjects of three rural communities selected by cluster sampling, we administered an epidemiologic survey using questionnaire methods from July 14, 1996 to July 28, 1996. Results : 1) In 14.1% of the subjects, snoring was reported to occur almost daily and 2.9% of the subjects reported sleep apnea symptoms occurring almost daily. 2) Snoring and sleep apnea symptoms were found more frequently in males or in mid-aged group(45 - 64 years old) than in females or in younger- and older-aged groups, respectively. Compared with the subjects who have no snoring, the subjects who have snoring or sleep apnea symptoms had greater body mass index(BMI), waist-hip ratio, hemoglobin level, RBC count, and higher diastolic blood pressure. 3) Cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking more than once a week were significantly associated with suffering from sleep apnea symptoms. 4) In multiple logistic regression analysis, being male, mid-aged, and greater BMI were independently associated with the presence of snoring and sleep apnea symptoms. Conclusion : We conclude that, in the Korean rural adult population, males or mid-aged group suffers more from snoring and sleep apnea symptoms than females or younger- and older-aged groups. In addition, being male, mid-aged, and greater BMI were significantly associated independently with the presence of snoring and sleep apnea symptoms.

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Effect of Soil Physical Characteristics on Rhizome Rot Incidence of Platycodon grangiflorus (토양 물리적특성이 도라지 근경부패병에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Young-Han;Choi, Yong-Jo;Park, Sang-Ryeol;Kim, Min-Keun;Cho, Soo-Jeong;Yun, Han-Dae
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.33 no.1
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    • pp.24-31
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    • 2000
  • This study was conducted to determine the effect of soil physical characteristics on rhizome rot incidence of platycodon. Sampling sites were Keochang 4, Kimhae 7, Haman 6, Chinju 6 and Koseong 3 fields in Kyongnam province and Hongcheon 6 fields in Kangwon province. The root disease incidence rate was correlated with soil depth Y=-0.747X+88.19($R^2=0.394^{***}$), soil hardness Y=4.36X+8.93($R^2=0.201^*$), bulk density Y=104.7X-80.99($R^2=0.295^{**}$), clay content Y=1.24X+14.14($R^2=0.196^*$), porosity Y=-3.11X+215.9($R^2=0.220^*$) and silt content Y=-0.75X+67.85($R^2=0.178^*$). The yield was correlated with soil depth Y=0.263X+0.971($R^2=0.105^*$), clay content Y=-0.688X+32.74($R^2=0.158^*$), porosity Y=1.974X-93.19($R^2=0.231^{**}$) and silt content Y=53.05X-108.65($R^2=0.232^*$), The optimum cultivated land of perennial platycodon was soil depth over 1m, soil hardness under $5kg\;cm^{-2}$, bulk density $1.0Mg\;m^{-3}$, moisture content 13~17%. clay content 5~10%, porosity 58~63%, silt content 38~64% and soil texture of silt loam.

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Original Landscape of MuGi-YeonDang and Yuhoejeong Pavilion Area in Chirwon through (<하환정도(何換亭圖)>를 통해 본 칠원 무기연당(舞沂蓮塘)과 유회정(有懷亭) 일곽의 원형경관)

  • Rho, Jae-Hyun;Son, Hee-Kyung;Park, Tae-Hee
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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    • v.35 no.4
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    • pp.1-13
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    • 2017
  • This thesis aims to research the original landscape of an area in Chirwon by comparing and interpreting the current and the former landscape of the time around 1860, in which was created. Inside the painting, MuGi-YeonDang(舞沂蓮塘), its nearby garden facilities and landscape are described. The conclusions of the research are as follows. Around the inner garden(內園) called Gukdam(菊潭), core spaces of Mugi-YeonDang were Hahwanjeong(何換亭) and Pungyongnu(風浴樓). After 1971, Chunghyosa(忠孝祠), Yeongjeonggak(影幀閣) which was built as inheritance of Giyangseowon (沂陽書院), and other buildings were added. On the opposite of Hahwanjeong, there is a designed pond inside Gukdam, in which three pieces of bizarre stones and colorful flower plants and trees reside. In the middle of the pond, there is an center island(中島), constructed with Bonghwangseok(鳳凰石) and Napduseok(衲頭石). Two different kinds of trees are settled on top of the stones, and one of them is identified as a maple. In the external scenery(外境), Jakdaesan Mountain and Cheonjusan Mountain are located at the upper part of Mugi-Yeondang, and Bibo Forest(裨補林), which does not exist anymore, was located at the lower part of it. A notable achievement in own research was to discover the Ju family's graveyard(朱氏墓群) consisted of more than 10 murals at the lower part of Mt. Jakdaesan in the outer space and the remains of 'Byeoreop(別業) Yuhoejeong(有懷亭)' at the nearby Sanjeong-ri(山亭里) area, which was the Ju family's gravesite(Seonsan, 先山). The discovered remains showed the presence of a square pond(方塘) and an island in the center of it(中島) in the form of Seokgasan(an artificial mountain made with stones), a stone monument called Mangchudae(望楸臺), etc. The Seokgasan was consisted of processed natural stones, and layers of the stones were piled up for it. On the side of the layered stones, 'Gyeongam(敬嵒)' and 'Sesim(洗心)' are engraved. Especially, Gyeongja(letter Gyeong, 敬字) is a copy of the Gyeongja Rock(敬字岩) of Sosu-Seowon(紹修書院), which is a symbolic garden language mutually used in the signboards of Pungyongnu and Musansa(武山祠), a place built to enshrine Ju, Sebung(周世鵬). Through the written names of the building found in , it can be assumed that the name of the square pond with Seokgasan was Taehwaji or Jeongwudang, and the name of the Seokgasan was Sogeumgang(小金剛) or Sobangjang(小方丈). The names correspond to the names of the Seokgasan of Gukdam, which was Yangsimdae(養心臺) and Bongnaesan(蓬萊山). By means of the corresponding names, it can be inferred that the relations between the spaces were intended. was originally created as 'a manor painting(莊園圖)', led by the 15th generation of the Ju family who moved into Chirwon-ri, Haman. The painting describes not only the back garden but also the external scenery, thus it provides important evidences for understanding Mugi-YeonDang and its nearby landscape, and is helpful to its maintenance and restoration.

Accepting Method in Classical Literature and Education ; Past, Present, and Future (고전문학의 향유방식과 교육; 과거, 현재, 미래)

  • Son, Tae-do
    • Journal of Korean Classical Literature and Education
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    • no.37
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    • pp.5-45
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    • 2018
  • Today, in the case of literary works such as modern poetry, novels, 'literature production : literature acceptance' are relatively simple as 'writing : reading'. However, in classical literature, there are ways of 'singing, chanting, narrating, performing, public reading, writing : listening, reading.' Modern literary works such as poetry and novels are sole arts made up only of literature, but classical literature have many complex arts accompanied by music, theater, etc. In order to understand the way classical literature, it is necessary to consider music, theater, etc. also. There are a number of subjects to research today in relation to the accepting method of classical literature. There are such things at Hyang-ga (향가), Goryeo Sog-yo (고려속요), Sijo (시조) and Gasa (가사) in of classical poetry. There is a public reading in classical novels. There is securing video materialㄴ for narrators in oral literature. And there are Si-chang (시창. 詩唱) and aloud reading in chinese proses. 'Listening literature', such as the oral literature needs to have the A. Lord's 'formular theory' - 'formular' (general words), 'themes' (general subject), and 'improvisation.' It is the opposite of contemporary poetry and novels that value ' special words', 'special contents', and 'original text.' Classical literature with a great deal of 'listening literature' besides ' reading literature' needs to have this 'formular theory' too basically. In the case of 'excessive pornographic' oriented events in Goryeo Gayo (고려가요) and Pansori (판소리), a vision is required to set up a space for the realization of literature. The haman basic elements like a man and woman's body subject can be evoked as a literature means at open place for anonymous people. Unlike modern poetry and novels, which are 'reading literature', and contain only literature, classical literature have 'listening literature' besides 'reading literature', and have complex arts - classical poetry (literature and music), and oral literature (literature, music, theater etc.) These aspects are available to research modern mass media literature, which are all 'listening literature,' and all complex arts - pop songs (literature and music), movies (literature, drama, image, music etc.) and TV dramas (literature, drama, image, music etc.). Thus, a proper understanding and consideration of the accepting method is very important in understanding, researching and educating classical literature.

The Environmental Adaptability of Pomacea canaliculata used for Weed Control in Wet Rice Paddies and Crop Damage Caused by Overwintered Golden Apple Snails (논 잡초방제용 Pomacea canaliculata의 환경 적응성과 월동 왕우렁이에 의한 작물 피해)

  • Lee, Sang Beom;Lee, Sang Min;Park, Chung Bae;Lee, Cho Rong;Ko, Byong Gu;Park, Kwang Lai;Hong, Seung Gil;Kim, Jin Ho
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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    • v.38 no.1
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    • pp.23-33
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    • 2019
  • BACKGROUND: The golden apple snail(GAS, Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck) is an invasive freshwater snail. It has occurred 34 years since the introduction of the GAS to the Korea. The GASs have been used recently for weed control in wet rice cultivation. The GASs'adaptability to the environment of GAS has been improved and the GASs devour the young stage of the crops as well as weeds. METHODS AND RESULTS: We surveyed the survival area of the snails throughout the country during the winter seasons from 2000 to 2017 and crop damage due to GASs in 2017. Local maximum, minimum, and average air temperatures were monitored daily. The surveyed regions for the survival of the GASs in winters were Gangjin, Goheung, Shinan, Haenam, Gimhae, Haman, Busan, Jeju, and Seogwipo. The survival durations at low temperatures were 12 hours at $-5^{\circ}C$, 1 day at $-3^{\circ}C$, 2 days at $-1^{\circ}C$, 10 days at $0^{\circ}C$, and over 30 days at $3^{\circ}C$. The eggs of GASs were not able to overwinter. The overwintering condition of the GAS needed a water depth of 10-20 cm with well formed mud. Crop damages caused by the overwintering GASs occurred in rice and water dropwort. CONCLUSION: The overwintering GAS was first identified in Haenam, South Korea 2000 after introduction of the GAS. The overwintering area of GAS expanded to the mid-southern parts of Korea. We propose that it has not yet become a pest to rice or any other crop.

Clinical review of acute seizures among children who visited the emergency room in Masan Samsung hospital from 2004 to 2006 (최근 3년간(2004-2006년) 응급실로 내원한 소아환자 중 급성 발작으로 인한 환자들에 대한 임상적 고찰)

  • Lee, Won Deok;Yoo, Jae Wook;Lee, Ju Suk;Lee, Jun Hwa;Cho, Kyung Lae
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • v.51 no.4
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    • pp.420-425
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    • 2008
  • Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate acute childhood seizures, one of the most important causes of emergency room visits, to provide appropriate medical services. Methods : We reviewed the medical records of 433 (4.6%) pediatric patients with acute seizures that visited the emergency room at Masan Samsung hospital from 2004 to 2006. Results : The male to female ratio was 1.4:1 and the mean age was $40.9{\pm}34.9$ months range. The order of geographical distribution was Masan, Changwon, Haman, and others. Fever was present in 40.6% of patients; December (14.8%) was the most frequent month for visits and generalized tonic clonic seizures (62.7%) were the most common type of seizure. The average frequency and duration of the seizure was $1.5{\pm}1.0$ and $6.7{\pm}13.2$ minutes respectively. Febrile seizures were present in 69.7% of patients and afebrile seizures in 30.3%. The causes of the febrile seizures were acute pharyngotonsillitis (44.6%), acute bronchitis, gastroenteritis, pneumonia, urinary tract infection, and unknown origin, in order of frequency. The most common cause of an afebrile seizure was epilepsy (71.5%) followed by a benign convulsion with mild gastroenteritis (BCwMG), sequela of a perinatal brain injury or brain malformation, and acute CNS infection. Evaluation of the causes of an acute seizure according to age showed that febrile seizures, epilepsy, and the sequela of perinatal brain injuries were more common between 2 and 6 years of age and epilepsy, febrile seizures and acute CNS infection, in order of frequency, were common between 6 and 15 years of age. Many patients, 49.4%, were discharged without admission. Conclusion : The common characteristics of pediatric patients presenting to the emergency room were male gender, an age between 2-6 years, presenting during the month of December, with generalized tonic clonic seizures due to acute pharyngitis. The most common presentation for the group less than 6 years of age was a febrile seizure and in the group more than 6 years of age, it was epilepsy. In many cases, the seizures stopped by the time the family presented to the emergency room.