• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제13권1호통권53호
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• pp.97-105
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• 2009

건설산업에서 혼합콘크리트의 개발 및 사용은 내구성 측면에서의 공극구조개선 및 투수성 감소등의 확장 연구를 통해 나날이 증가하고 있는 실정이다. 한편, 콘크리트내의 균열은 투수성, 염해 침투속도 및 압축강도등을 결정하는 중요한 인자이며, 이는 철근의 부식과도 밀접한 관련을 가지는 것으로 알려져 있다. 더욱이 콘크리트 구조물의 피복두께에 균열이 발생한 경우, 이를 통해 철근 부식이 가속화됨은 주지의 사실이다. 최근에 콘크리트내의 침투를 고려한 균열효과와 관련하여 다수의 연구가 수행되어져 온 것이 사실이며, 그에 따라 내구성을 고려한 균열 혼합콘크리트의 사용수명 평가에 관한 연구도 필요한 것이 사실이다. 본 연구에서는 0.3mm의 균열을 변수로 두고, OPC, 30% PFA, 60% GGBS 및 10% SF의 결합재를 혼입하여 사용한 혼합콘크리트보의 부식평가를 자연 및 인공 환경조건에 맞추어 반전지전위측정시험, 갈바닉전류측정시험, 무게감량법등으로 측정 및 비교분석하였다.

• 콘크리트학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.221-230
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• 1999

콘크리트 구조물에 균열이 생겨 물과 산소의 침투확산이 용이해 지거나 또는 외부로부터 염소이온과 같은 염화물이 침투확산되어 콘크리트 중의 철근까지 도달할 경우 및 콘크리트의 중성화가 철근위치까지 진행될 경우 철근의 부동태 피막은 파괴되어 부식이 급진전 되며 콘크리트의 박리 및 탈락현상이 수반될 뿐만 아니라 구조물의 내구성이 크게 저하된다. 본 연구에서는 콘크리트 중의 철근부식을 억제하기 위한 한 방안으로 적용되는 전기방식의 이론적인 고찰과 콘크리트 내부에 다량의 염화물을 함유시키거나 또는 균열을 발생시킨 시험체에 대하여 외부전원법을 활용한 실내실험을 실시하여 철근의 방식효과에 대해 고찰하였다. 외부전원법에 의한 전기방식을 실시하여 복극량을 측정한 결과 대상 시험체 모두 NACE의 방식기준을 만족하였으며, 부식면적율의 측정결과 34 ~84%, 단면감소의 경우 84 ~ 86%의 방식효과를 확인하였다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.184-187
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• 2000

Prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$) plays an important role in the regulation of various gastric functions, and the growth-inhibitory activities on tumor cells are studied in vitro and in vivo. Although the mechanisms have attracted many researchers in the past decade, the molecular mechanisms of cell cycle arrest, or induction of apoptosis by $PGE_2$, is unclear. We investigated the effects of $PGE_2$ on the growth of the human gastric carcinoma cell line SNU1 and genes that are regulated by $PGE_2$ and isolated them using differential display RT-PCR (DD RT-PCR). FACS analysis suggested that SNU1 cells were arrested at the G1 phase by $PGE_2$ treatment. This growth inhibitory effect was in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Treatment of SNU1 cells with $10\;{\mu}g/ml$ $PGE_2$, followed by DD RT-PCR analysis, revealed differently expressed bands patterns from the control. Among the differently expressed clones, we found an unidentified cDNA clone (HGP-27) overexpressed in $PGE_2$-treated cells. The full-length cDNA of HGP-27 was isolated using RACE, which consisted of a 30-nt 5'-noncoding region, a 891-nt ORF encoding the 296 amino acid protein, and a 738-nt 3'-noncoding region including a poly(a) signal. This gene was localized on the short arm of chromosome number 11. Using the Motif Finder program, a myb-DNA binding repeat signature was detected on the ORF region. The COOH-terminal half was shown to have similarity with the $NH_3$-terminal domain of thioredoxin (Trx). This relation between HGP-27 and Trx implied a potential role for HGP-27 in modulating the DNA binding function of a transcription factor, myb.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.34-40
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• 2012

기존 Pt/C 전극촉매 제조시 사용되는 Pt를 일정량의 Mn으로 대체하여 PtMn/C 전극촉매를 제조하였다. 환원제로 포름알데히드(HCHO)를 사용하여 화학환원법으로 $Pt_{10}$/C, $Pt_9Mn_1$/C, $Pt_7Mn_3$/C 촉매를 제조하였으며 반쪽 전지(half cell)에서 순환전압전류와 대시간 전류를 측정하였다. $Pt_9Mn_1$/C촉매가 $Pt_{10}$/C, $Pt_7Mn_3$/C촉매보다 높은 산소환원반응(oxygen reduction reaction)을 보였으며 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, 0.6V에서 각각 5분동안 측정한 대 시간 전류측정에서 $Pt_9Mn_1$/C가 $Pt_{10}$/C, $Pt_7Mn_3$/C촉매보다 높은 활성을 나타냈다. 물리적 특성은 XRD, TEM분석을 통하여 알아보았으며 입자의 평균 크기는 $Pt_9Mn_1$/C, $Pt_{10}$/C가 각각 2.7 nm, 3 nm를 나타냈다. XRD분석을 통하여 Pt의 FCC(Face Centered Cubic)결정 구조를 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.692-702
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• 2015

Lactobacillus mucosae is a natural resident of the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals and a potential probiotic bacterium. To understand the global protein expression profile and metabolic features of L. mucosae LM1 in the early stationary phase, the QExactive^TM Hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer was used. Characterization of the intracellular proteome identified 842 proteins, accounting for approximately 35% of the 2,404 protein-coding sequences in the complete genome of L. mucosae LM1. Proteome quantification using QExactive^TM Orbitrap MS detected 19 highly abundant proteins (> 1.0% of the intracellular proteome), including CysK (cysteine synthase, 5.41%) and EF-Tu (elongation factor Tu, 4.91%), which are involved in cell survival against environmental stresses. Metabolic pathway annotation of LM1 proteome using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database showed that half of the proteins expressed are important for basic metabolic and biosynthetic processes, and the other half might be structurally important or involved in basic cellular processes. In addition, glycogen biosynthesis was activated in the early stationary phase, which is important for energy storage and maintenance. The proteogenomic data presented in this study provide a suitable reference to understand the protein expression pattern of lactobacilli in standard conditions

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2006

피복 콘크리트의 균열 발생에 기인한 매크로셀 부식 환경하에서의 Cr강방식철근의 방식성을 평가하기 위하여 10종류의 Cr강방식철근을 콘크리트에 매입 후 피복 콘크리트에 모사 균열을 발생시킨 공시체를 제작하였다. 그 후 염수 분무 촉진 양생 105사이클까지의 매크로셀 부식전류밀도의 경시변화와 아노드 캐소드 철근의 자연전위, 부식면적률, 부식감량률을 측정함으로써 Cr강방식철근의 방식성에 대하여 검토하였다. 그 결과, 염화물 이온 농도차 $3kg/m^3$ 이하의 매크로셀 부식 환경에 대하여 Cr함유율 9% 이상의 Cr강재에서 방식성이 확인되었으며 특히, Cr함유율 11% 이상의 Cr강재에서 뛰어난 방식성이 입증되었다.

• Architectural research
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.49-54
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• 2005

Conventional studies have focused on the reduction in the water-cement ratio, the use of various admixtures, etc., to ensure the durability of reinforced concrete structures against such deterioration factors as carbonation and chloride attack. However, improvement in the concrete quality alone is not considered sufficient or realistic for meeting the recent demand for a service life of over 100 years. This study intends to improve the durability of reinforced concrete structures by improvement in the reinforcing steel, which has remained untouched due to cost problems, through subtle adjustment of the steel components to keep the cost low. As a fundamental study on the performance of Cr-bearing rebars in steel reinforced concrete structures exposed to corrosive environments, The test specimens were made by installing 8 types of rebars in concretes with a chloride ion content of 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, 2.4 and $24kg/m^3$. Corrosion accelerated curing were then conducted with them. The corrosion resistance of Cr-bearing rebars was examined by measuring crack widths, half-cell potential, corrosion area and weight loss after 155 cycles of corrosion-accelerating curing. The results of the study showed that the corrosion resistance increased as the Cr content increased regardless of the content of chloride ions, and that the Cr-bearing rebars with a Cr content of 5% and 9% showed high corrosion resistance in concretes with a chloride ion content of 1.2 and $2.4kg/m^3$, respectively.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2006년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집(II)
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• pp.201-204
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• 2006

It should be noted that the critical chloride threshold level is not considered to be a unique value for all conditions. This value is dependent on concrete mix proportions, cement type and constituents, presence of admixtures, environmental factors, reinforcement surface conditions, and other factors. In this study, the accelerated corrosion test for reinforcing steel was conducted by electrochemical and cyclic wet and dry seawater method, respectively and during the test, corrosion monitoring by half-cell potential method was carried out to detect the time to initiation of corrosion for individual test specimen. For this purpose, lollypop and right hexahedron test specimens were made for 31%, 42%, and 50% of W/C, respectively, and then the accelerated corrosion test for reinforcing steel was executed. It was observed from the test that the time to initiation of corrosion was found to be different with the water-cement ratio and accelerated corrosion test method, respectively and the critical chloride threshold values were found to range from 0.91 to $1.47kg/m^3$.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.724-729
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• 2008

Umbilical cord blood has been recently considered an attractive potential alternative as a source of stem cell transplantation to curing diseases such as leukemia, cancers, immune disorders. Normally the stored system of the umbilical cord blood specimen is equipped with a computer-controlled robotic arm that enables the samples to locate the identification places in liquid nitrogen tank at regulated temperature as about $-196^{\circ}C$. As the half of robotic arm is in the air and the rest part is submerged in liquid nitrogen, the temperature of robotic arm varies from ambient to liquid nitrogen temperature. In this study the temperature variation of upper part of arm above tank lid was thermally analysed by using the commercial code of Ansys. The result of analysis was that the upper part of robotic arm was seriously frozen due to heat transfer from liquid nitrogen as low as -$120^{\circ}C$. In order to solve the frost problem of robotic arm, small PTFE tube block as resistance material was introduced into the lower part of tank lid instead of the whole stainless steel(SUS) robotic arm. The results showed that the temperature of robotic arm above the lid was higher enough, and this method would be one of the very effective measure to solve the problem.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.257-262
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• 2017

The aim of this study is to investigate the pH threshold value for the corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete. A method was designed to attain the pH value of the pore solution on the location of the steel in concrete. Then the pH values of the pore solution on the location of steel in concrete were changed by exposing the samples to the environment (CO25%, RH 40%) to accelerate carbonation with different periods. Based on this, the pH threshold value for the corrosion of steel reinforcement had been examined by the methods of half-cell potential and electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS). The results have indicated that the pH threshold value for the initial corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete was 11.21. However, in the carbonated concrete, agreement among whether steel corrosion was initiatory determined by the detection methods mentioned above could be found.