• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.65-71
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the coat color appearance of Korean brindle cattle and the changes of relevant hormone levels that may affect the hair pigmentation during different stages of growth and maturation. In mature cattle, levels of both ACTH and DHEA in Korean brindle cattle with brown color were significantly higher than those with black color (p<0.05). Levels of ${\alpha}$-MSH in Korean brindle cattle with whole brindle ($${\geq_-}50%$$) color were significantly higher than those with brown color (p<0.05). In calves of Korean brindle cattle at 2 to 6 months, the concentration of estradiol was significantly higher in calves with whole brindle color than those with part brindle color (p<0.05), when the coat color was confirmed. After 6 month of coat color confirmation, levels of testosterone and ACTH increased in calves with part brindle color and were significantly higher than those with whole brindle color (p<0.05). In calves of Korean brindle cattle at 1 or 2 months, there were no significant differences in hormone levels of estradiol, ACTH, DHEA and ${\alpha}$-MSH between the calves with brindle color and brown color, except estradiol before brindle color appearance. Changes of relevant hormone levels at different stage of growth and maturation may affect the pigmentation of coat during the development of cattle. In addition to the current study correlating the different coat colors with relevant hormone levels, investigation of the coat color associated genes expressed in Korean brindle cattle may further clarify the mechanisms of coat color changes during their development.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.315-323
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• 2008

In this study, the backs with a hair cut of 6-week-old healthy ICR male mice were once exposed to a dose of $400\;mJ/cm^2$ UVB. An acute dermal inflammation was observed, and the certified 100% pure and natural lavender essential oil were applied to the UVB-exposed mice skin twice a day. It was observed that the mice exposed to UVB resulted in an acute inflammation, and when treated with lavender oil the degree of inflammation was much alleviated, and the inflamed skins of both the control and lavender oil-treatment groups were cured almost completely after 6 days of the UVB exposure. At 24 hours after UVB exposure, the epidermal keratinocytes in the control group showed a cell-membrane damage with the destruction of intercellular junctions, agglutination of tonofilaments within the cytoplasm and nucleus damage, while the lavender oil-treatment group had much less cell damage than the control group. While the control group showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in the activity of XO up to 144 hours, the lavender oil-treatment group did not show any significant increase except for 48 hours after the UVB exposure. Both the control and lavender essential oil-treatment groups had a significant decrease in the activities of CAT and SOD up to 96 hours. Particularly, the CAT activity was significantly lower(p<0.05) in the lavender oil-treatment group than the control group up to 48 hours, and higher than the control group at and after 96 hours. The GST activity was significantly decreased in both the control and lavender oil-treatment groups up to 96 hours after the UVB exposure except for the control group at 24 hours, and that of the lavender oil-treatment group was higher than the control group at and after 96 hours. Therefore, it is assumed that the application of the lavender oil to the ultraviolet-damaged mice skin can be effective in treatment for the damaged skin.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.123-127
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• 2007

Purpose: Rigid external distraction(RED) is a highly effective technique for correction of maxillary hypoplasia in patients with cleft or syndromic craniosynostosis. Despite many advantages of RED, it also has the problem of relapse as the conventional advancement surgery. Bicoronal approach, that is the common approach to gain access to the craniofacial skeleton, had some morbidity, such as hair loss, sensory loss, wide scar and temporal hollowing. We present our clinical experience of RED distraction with minimal invasive approach and early rigid fixation to overcome these disadvantages. Methods: A 27-year-old female patient with Crouzon's disease underwent Le Fort III osteotomy and RED device application through the minimal invasive direct skin incisions. After the latent period of 5 days, distraction was undertaken until proper convexity and advancement were obtained. During the rigid retention period, inflammation occurred on the right cheek, and proper conservative managements were done including continuous irrigation. To maintain the stability of distraction, early rigid fixation was undertaken on the osteotomy sites through another skin incisions. Preoperative and postoperative orthodontic treatments were performed. Serial photographs and cephalometric radiographs were obtained preoperatively, after distraction and 6 months after distraction. Results: The cephalometric analysis demonstrated postoperatively significant advancement of the maxilla and improvement of facial convexity. After 6-month follow-up period, the maxilla was stable in the sagittal plane and no relapse was found. Facial scars were not noticeable and other deformity and morbidity did not occur. Conclusion: This effective and stable technique will be a good alternative for the patients who need large amount of distraction and for adult patients with severe maxillary hypoplasia or syndromic craniosynostosis.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.5-10
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• 1999

This is a case report of 46,XY female phenotype (46,XY karyotype, no pubic hair, blind vagina and absence of uterus)in an 18-year-old patient. To confirm whether a Y chromosome has a structural abnormality, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with the chromosome X/Y cocktail probe was simultaneously performed, and the six loci [PABY, RPS4Y(sy16, sy17), ZFY, DYS14] on the short arm, one locus (DYZ3) on the centromere and one locus (DYZ1) on the long arm were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The probes used FISH hybridized to centromere of the X chromosome and heterochromatin region (Yq12) of the Y chromosome, and all PCR related Y chromosome showed positive band like normal male. From the results obtained, it seemed that the Y chromosome from the 46,XY female was structurely normal. Especially, the SRY gene has been equated with the mammalian testis-determining factor, and absence or point mutation in the SRY gene causes XY female. To detect the point mutations of SRY sequences, single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) assay was used. Our results confirm that this patient has no mutation in the SRY gene on the Y chromosome.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.57 no.5
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• pp.499-504
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• 2019

Head-lice infestation, pediculosis capitis, remains a public-health burden in many countries. The widely used first-line pediculicides and alternative treatments are often too costly for use in poor socio-economic settings. Ivermectin has been considered an alternate treatment for field practice. This study was composed of 2 parts, a cross-sectional survey and an intervention study. The main objectives were to determine the prevalence and potential factors associated with head-lice infestation, and to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of oral ivermectin administration. A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 890 villagers in rural areas along Thai-Myanmar border. Females with infestations were eligible for the intervention study, and 181 participated in the intervention study. A post-treatment survey was conducted to assess acceptance of ivermectin as a treatment choice. Data analysis used descriptive statistics and a generalized-estimation-equation model adjusted for cluster effect. The study revealed the prevalence of head-lice infestation was 50% among females and only 3% among males. Age stratification showed a high prevalence among females aged <20 years, and among 50% of female school-children. The prevalence was persistent among those with a history of infestation. The major risk factors were residing in a setting with other infected cases, and sharing a hair comb. The study also confirmed that ivermectin was safe and effective for field-based practice. It was considered a preferable treatment option. In conclusion, behavior-change communication should be implemented to reduce the observed high prevalence of head-lice infestation. Ivermectin may be an alternative choice for head-lice treatment, especially in remote areas.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.291-296
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• 2019

In the movie market, make-up shows various ways of make up in professional technology as the industry develops. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the trend of making a movie with a change in the type of movie Regarding the characteristics of makeup in the early days of silent films, the stage makeup was fully used. also in the days of sound films, the realistic and concrete makeup was expressed such as straight makeup, character makeup, Special effects makeup, and digital makeup. With the development of the fourth industry, CGI special effects have become possible not only in the background of movies but also in makeup. In the movie, makeup does not use CGI makeup alone, but it is used in a combination of straight makeup, character makeup, and special effects makeup. That's why a variety of makeup needs to be taught. In the future, the domestic film industry should establish the improvement measures for educating the techniques of prosthetic/digital makeup by securing the sufficient finances to more vitalize the film industry of Korea in domestic/foreign markets.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.160-164
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• 2021

Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a group of rare genetically heterogeneous disorders, characterized by hypopigmentation of the eyes, skin, and hair, which result in ocular abnormalities and a risk of developing skin cancer. Currently, there is no ophthalmologic procedure or drug that prevents the clinical features of OCA. Here, we report a new type of OCA in two, unrelated Korean families with the same OCA2 mutation. Affected individuals in this study are different from those of previous reports in two aspects: an inheritance pattern and clinical presentation. All reported patients with OCA have shown an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern, while our patients showed an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. Small amounts of pigment can be acquired with age in OCA, but there is no substantial variation from adolescence to adulthood in this regard. A case where the patient attained normal pigmentation levels has never been reported. However, our patients displayed completely normal pigmentation in their late twenties. Whole exome sequencing and in-silico analysis revealed a novel mutation, OCA2 c.2338G>A p.(G780S) (NM_000275) with a high likelihood of pathogenicity. Sanger sequencing of p.G780S identified the same mutation in the affected individuals, which was not found in the family members with normal phenotype. We hypothesize that OCA2 G780S not only acts as a pathogenic variant of OCA but also induces pigmentation by enhancing the melanogenesis gene expression of other modifier genes, such as SLC45A2 and TPC2. These findings may provide further understanding of melanin biosynthesis and new treatment methods for OCA.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.151-157
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• 2021

Along with hair beauty, skin beauty, and nail beauty, according to the rapidly changing social flow of industrialization and appearanceism, makeup is acting as an important means for successful social life and smooth human relationships. Accordingly, the realistic need to increase sales of the beauty industry by investigating individual preferred makeup colors from various angles is emerging. Therefore, the makeup interest and color preference according to the pursuit of appearance management were analyzed for women in their teens to 40s living in Gwangju Metropolitan City and Jeollanam-do. As a result of the study, it was found that service workers, students, and teenagers and younger usually wear a lot of makeup. ) was found to be the most used. Through this study, I believe that it will be used as basic data for future makeup product development as well as application data for color selection by makeup artists as well as to increase sales of beauty shops.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.116-126
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• 2023

Mainly due to the slanted focus on the mechanism and regulation of neuronal aging, research on astrocyte aging and its modulation during brain aging is scarce. In this study, we established aged astrocyte culture model by long-term culturing. Cellular senescence was confirmed through SA-β-gal staining as well as through the examination of morphological, molecular, and functional markers. RNA sequencing and functional analysis of astrocytes were performed to further investigate the detailed characteristics of the aged astrocyte model. Along with aged phenotypes, decreased astrocytic proliferation, migration, mitochondrial energetic function and support for neuronal survival and differentiation has been observed in aged astrocytes. In addition, increased expression of cytokines and chemokine-related factors including plasminogen activator inhibitor -1 (PAI-1) was observed in aged astrocytes. Using the RNA sequencing results, we searched potential drugs that can normalize the dysregulated gene expression pattern observed in long-term cultured aged astrocytes. Among several candidates, minoxidil, a pyrimidine-derived anti-hypertensive and anti-pattern hair loss drug, normalized the increased number of SA-β-gal positive cells and nuclear size in aged astrocytes. In addition, minoxidil restored up-regulated activity of PAI-1 and increased mitochondrial superoxide production in aged astrocytes. We concluded that long term culture of astrocytes can be used as a reliable model for the study of astrocyte senescence and minoxidil can be a plausible candidate for the regulation of brain aging.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.128-137
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• 2024

Objectives: This study was conducted to characterize the symptoms, mental health, quality of life (QoL), and associated factors following the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 394 participants previously infected with COVID-19 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Mental health was assessed using the 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Participants self-reported health-related QoL was measured with the EuroQol 5-Dimension 5-Level (EQ-5D-5L) scale. Results: Among the participants, 76.4% reported experiencing at least one symptom following COVID-19 infection. The most common symptoms were fatigue (42.1%), cognitive dysfunction (42.9%), and hair loss (27.9%). According to the DASS-21 results, the proportions of depression, anxiety, and stress were 28.7%, 26.4%, and 20.6%, respectively. The mean scores on the EQ-5D-5L and the EuroQol Visual Analog Scale were 0.94±0.11 and 84.20±13.11, respectively. Regarding QoL issues, the highest proportion of participants (32.7%) reported experiencing anxiety or depression, followed by pain or discomfort (25.4%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that factors associated with the presence of symptoms following COVID-19 infection included female (odds ratio [OR], 2.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.65 to 4.91) and having QoL issues (OR, 3.25; 95% CI, 1.71 to 6.19). Conclusions: The study investigated the prevalence rates of various symptoms following COVID-19 infection. These findings underscore the need to prioritize comprehensive care for individuals recovering from COVID-19 and to implement strategies to mitigate the long-term impact of the disease on mental health and QoL.