• Ocean Science Journal
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.175-182
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• 2008

Bottlenose dolphins are the only cetaceans regularly observed in the northern Adriatic Sea, but they survive at low densities and are exposed to significant threats. This study investigates some of the factors that influence habitat use by the animals in a largely homogeneous environment by combining dolphin data with hydrological and physiographical variables sampled from oceanographic ships. Surveys were conducted year-round between 2003 and 2006, totalling 3,397 km of effort. Habitat modelling based on a binary stepwise logistic regression analysis predicted between 81% and 93% of the cells where animals were present. Seven environmental covariates were important predictors: oxygen saturation, water temperature, density anomaly, gradient of density anomaly, turbidity, distance from the nearest coast and bottom depth. The model selected consistent predictors in spring and summer. However, the relationship (inverse or direct) between each predictor and dolphin presence varied among seasons, and different predictors were selected in fall. This suggests that dolphin distribution changed depending on seasonal forcing. As the study area is relatively uniform in terms of bottom topography, habitat use by the animals seems to depend on complex interactions among hydrological variables, caused primarily by seasonal change and likely to determine shifts in prey distribution.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.73-85
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• 2005

Natural disturbance and environmental pressure on natural ecosystems are gradually increasing, and the cause is significantly related to large-scale environmental pollution, global warming, decreasing biodiversity and habitat fragmentation. Environmental impact assessment(EIA) in Korea has been focused on distribution and composition of fauna and flora as major evaluation aspects in ecosystem assessment. It is well known that those characteristics of flora and fauna strongly depend on characteristics and quality of habitat and ecosystem. However, there is no items to assess habitat and ecosystems of spatial ecological system in EIA. Many countries are trying to develop the EIA items to consider the spatial characteristics of habitat and ecosystem and those ecological dynamics as well as species level. In this stream, landscape ecology is emerging discipline to examine spatial pattern and ecological process within/between habitats and ecosystems. Landscape ecological analysis, as a special tool for ecosystem evaluation, has been appropriately adopted to the EIA system in the advanced countries. This review paper tries to introducing the possibilities of landscape ecological concept into the Korean EIA system.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.10-25
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• 2018

This study was conducted to estimate the habitat suitability of 17 benthic macroinvertebrate taxa in the Hwayang stream. Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) of benthic macroinvertebrates from the Hwayang stream was developed based on three physical habitat factors which include current velocity, water depth, and the substrate. The Weibull model was used as a probability density function to analyze the distribution of individual abundance by physical factors. The number of species and the total individual abundance increased along with the increase in current velocity. By means of Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA), the relative importance of each factor was determined in the following order: current velocity, water depth, and the mean diameter. The results depicted that, the most influential factor in the growth of benthic macroinvertebrates in the Hwavang system was current velocity. After comparing the analyzed results from the Hwayang stream with the resukts from the Gapyeong stream, the integrated HSI was drawn. The results indicated that current velocity and substrate had similar distributions of HSI in the two streams. This was due to the addition of unmeasured data from previous surveys, or the fact that benthic macroinvertebrates adapted to deeper waters in the Hwayang Stream. Most taxa showed a clear preference for a fast current velocity, deep water depth and coarse substrate except Baetiella, Epeorus, (mayflies), and Hydropsyche (caddisfly).

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.575-587
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• 2015

The development in data collection techniques results in high dimensional data sets, where discrimination is an important and commonly encountered problem that are crucial to resolve when high dimensional data is heterogeneous (non-common variance covariance structure for classes). An example of this is to classify microbial habitat preferences based on codon/bi-codon usage. Habitat preference is important to study for evolutionary genetic relationships and may help industry produce specific enzymes. Most classification procedures assume homogeneity (common variance covariance structure for all classes), which is not guaranteed in most high dimensional data sets. We have introduced regularized elimination in partial least square coupled with QDA (rePLS-QDA) for the parsimonious variable selection and classification of high dimensional heterogeneous data sets based on recently introduced regularized elimination for variable selection in partial least square (rePLS) and heterogeneous classification procedure quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA). A comparison of proposed and existing methods is conducted over the simulated data set; in addition, the proposed procedure is implemented to classify microbial habitat preferences by their codon/bi-codon usage. Five bacterial habitats (Aquatic, Host Associated, Multiple, Specialized and Terrestrial) are modeled. The classification accuracy of each habitat is satisfactory and ranges from 89.1% to 100% on test data. Interesting codon/bi-codons usage, their mutual interactions influential for respective habitat preference are identified. The proposed method also produced results that concurred with known biological characteristics that will help researchers better understand divergence of species.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.183-189
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• 2009

This research focused on the effects of fragmentation on moth diversity in an agricultural land-scape by comparing moth species richness and abundance between hillocks and young secondary forests. We examined five sites from the southwestern part of South Korea: three sites from hillock forest and two from secondary forest. We collected moths bi-weekly from April to October for a 2-year period (2006-2007) with a UV light trap that usually attracts moths within 30 meters. Tree species richness and abundance in $20m{\times}20m$ plots at each moth sampling site showed a substantial difference in tree diversity between the two types of forest habitats. The total abundance and richness of moth species were higher in secondary forests (541 species with 4,998 individuals) than in hillock forests (423 species with 3,913 individuals), irrespective of the distance among the sites. An ordination analysis with NMDS showed that habitat is the most important factor of grouping sites. The food preferences of the dominant moth species i,n each habitat were closely related to the habitat type.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.12-19
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• 2008

This study was conducted to investigate the draft data for the habitat environment and massive propagation method of Miscanthus changii, which is classified as rare species. The in-site analysis of the native soil give a indication of pH 5.24~5.48, electric conductivity (EC)0.03~0.02 $dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$, organic matter (OM) 1.13~1.15%, Ca 3.4 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, K 0.25 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, Mg 0.53 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, N 0.23%, P 2.15 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ showed low and 0.33~9.12 $cmol{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ CEC. Growth and tiller number in rhizome propagation of Miscanthus changii showed that horticulture media (perlite 1+vermiculate 1+peat moss 1) is the most suitable soil to habitat. As for seed propagation, germination percentage is 0% (0/20) at first seeding, 2% (1/50) at second seeding and 2.1% (6/280) at third seeding. The average germination percentage was below 2%. This is the reason why Miscanthus changi disappear at habitat of poor soil environment and low germination. We gained 61 plants that 60 rhizome propagation and 1 by seed propagation, renatural to habitat.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the natural habitat of Hotaria unmunsana Doi, which was first discovered at Mt. Unmun also represents a landscape indicator species for Daegu and Gyeongbuk provinces, and Luciola lateralis Motschulsky, which is the object of experiential activation at festivals in some cities in the region. The spatial range of this study is limited by Daegu City and Gyeongbuk province, and is used to predict the preference of firefly for altitude, slope, direction, shaded relief, riparian buffer zone, river environment, and farmland to analyze the area that best matches the habitat of fireflies. As a result, fireflies are highly influenced by altitude and there may be no large-scale habitats in some areas through the Nakdong and the Baekdu mountain ranges, which occur at high altitude. In most of the cities, we found major habitats around the streams and wetlands. By region, the sites were widely distributed around the cities focused on Nakdong River, and many habitats emerged around the Nakdong River tributary and gentle slopes. In order to preserve and spread the habitat of fireflies, the physical environment as well as their relationship with food chains and symbiotic organisms should be established, and excessive use of pesticides and herbicides in agricultural areas should be avoided.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.318-326
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• 2022

생물다양성협약(CBD)에서는 전 지구적으로 발생하는 환경문제의 대응방안으로 육상의 17%를 보호지역으로 지정하도록 할 것을 권고하고 있다. 우리나라도 국제적 수준에 맞춰 보호지역을 지정하고 보호지역 지정이 가지는 의미를 설명할 필요성이 생겼으며, 이에 따라 생태계서비스에 관한 연구의 필요성이 요구되고 있다. 우리나라는 보호지역 지정을 자연공원법에 의해 위계별로 국립공원, 도립공원, 군립공원으로 지정하고 있다. 그러나 정치, 행정적 측면이 우선시되면서 생태계서비스 가치평가 연구 및 서식지 관리가 국립공원에 편중되어 도립 및 군립공원은 다소 미비하여 연구의 필요성이 있다. 본 연구에서는 국립공원에 비해 서식지 관리 및 생태계서비스 가치평가 연구가 미비한 가지산도립공원을 대상으로 InVEST 모델 중 InVEST Habitat Quality 모델을 사용하여 서식지 질을 평가하고, 분석 결과를 16개의 산악형 국립공원과 비교하였다. 분석 결과 가지산도립공원의 서식지질 값은 0.83이었으며, 주변 지역에 비해 서식질 질이 높게 나타났다. 3개 지구별 서식지질 차이를 분석한 결과 통도사지구와 내원사지구가 0.84, 석남사지구가 0.83으로 나타났고 용도지구별로는 자연보존지구, 자연환경지구, 문화유산지구, 공원마을지구 순으로 서식지질 값이 높게 나타났다. 기존 국립공원 서식지질 분석 결과와 비교한 결과 가지산도립공원은 무등산국립공원 수준의 자연성을 나타내었다. 이러한 결과는 추후 도립공원의 생물다양성 보전 및 생태계서비스 증진을 위한 정책 수립과 관리방안 수립의 객관적인 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.135-146
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• 2007

국내에 분포하는 진범아속의 식물종 개체군을 대상으로 GIS분석을 통해 서식환경을 분석 검증함으로써 이를 통해 환경변화에 취약한 고산식물종의 보전과 관리를 위한 새로운 방안을 모색하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 표본조사와 문헌조사를 바탕으로 작성된 진범아속의 분포도를 중심으로 현장조사에서 정확한 분포좌표와 서식환경 등의 지리적 및 생물학적 인자를 조사하여 이를 바탕으로 수치지형도를 이용하여 서식지 모형을 만들어냈다. 진범아속의 식물개체군은 해발고도 $470{\sim}1320m$ 구간이며 북향의 $15.5{\sim}36^{\circ}$ 사이의 경사지역으로 수계에서 가까운 활엽수림에 주로 분포하였다. 이를 바탕으로 GIS 프로그램을 사용하여 서울인근의 양수와 목동 두 개의 도엽에서 고도 향 경사 등의 요소의 중첩과 수계와의 거리, 토지피복분류에 따른 주변 식생 등을 조합하여 적합서식지를 확인하였고 현장 검증에서 이 적합서식지에 실제 진범아속 식물의 분포를 검증하였다. 이를 통하여 보전을 요하는 식물군의 미확인 서식지의 추측이나 대체서식지의 선정과정에 있어 GIS가 획기적으로 사용될 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.422-427
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• 1997

유용자원식물의 자생지 재배기술의 확립을 위한 기초자료를 얻고저 참취와 삼지구엽초의 자생지 식생 및 환경(생태 및 토양화학성분) 조사를 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 참취자생지인 춘천 A. 연엽산 A 그리고 연엽산 B에서의 종수는 20, 26, 25종이었고 삼지구엽초 자생지인 춘천 B, 북방면 그리고 대룡산에서는 15, 32, 26종이었다. 참취 자생지의 우점종은 춘천 A, 연엽산 A, 연엽산 B에서 맑은대쑥, 애기나리, 실새풀 등이었으며 삼지구엽초의 자생지인 춘천 B, 북방면, 대룡산에서는 고사리, 맑은대쑥, 애기나리 등이 우점하였다. 2. 자생지의 토양산도는 4.5-5.3 범위였으며 유기물 함량은 1.59(춘천A)$\sim$5.5(연엽산 B)이었다. 암모니아태 질소 및 질산태 질소함량은 참취 자생지와 삼지구엽초 자생지 토양에서 평균 각각 0.0043mg/kg, 0.0025mg/kg이었다. 3. 자생지 토양의 $NH_4-N$의 성분은 참취의 자생지의 토양성분이 삼지구엽초의 자생지 토양성분보다 약간 높은 수치를 보였다. 그밖의 성분의 차이는 크게 나타나지 않았다.