• Journal of muscle and joint health
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.174-190
• /
• 1998

Osteoporosis has been known as a common complication of rheumatoid arthritis and a major preventable health problem. Lots of studios have demonstrated that changes in life style can help delay or prevent osteoporosis. Therefore nursing intervention related osteoporosis prevention have consisted of education programs aimed at changing dietary and exercise habit. However knowledge gained from education haven't always leaded to behavior change. Therefore it is important to consider other psychological variables in effecting behavior change. Numerous research have found self efficacy and health belief to be an important factor in individual decision making behavior. The purpose of the study was to develop health belief and efficacy expectation promoting program based on Health Belief Model & Self Efficacy Model and to investigate its effects in women with rheumatoid arthritis. For this purpose, one group pretest-post design was used. The subject of the study were 16 women with rheumatoid arthritis in Pusan city and data collection was carried out from April, 1997 to May, 1998. The intervention program was consisted of educating on osteoporosis and enhancing and reinforcing self efficacy by verbal persuasion during the period of 4 weeks. The instruments were used to collect data in this study were Osteoporosis Health Belief Scale, Osteoporosis Self Efficacy Scale, and Osteoporosis Preventive Behavior Scale. Data was analyzed by Wilcoxon signed rank test using SPSS $PC^+$ program. The results are as follows : 1) The behavior should be increased after intervention was supported(Z=-3.5162, p=.0004, diet : Z=-3.2942, p=.0010, exercise). 2) The sub-hypothesis that perceived sensitivity should be increased after intervention was supported (Z=-2.3854, p=.0171). 3) The sub-hypothesis that perceived severity should be increased after intervention was rejected(Z=-1.4327, p=.1520). 4) The sub-hypothesis that perceived benefit should be increased after intervention was supported(Z=-2.6410, p=.0083). 5) The sub-hypothesis that perceived barrier should be decreased after intervention was supported (Z=-2.4138, p=.0158). 6) The sub-hypothesis that efficacy expectation should be increased after intervention was supported(Z=-3.5162, p=.0004). As a conclusion, it was found that health belief and self efficacy promoting program was an effective nursing intervention for preventing osteoporosis of rheumatoid arthritis.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.45 no.2
• /
• pp.150-158
• /
• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between knowledge of nutrition labeling and the effect on eating habits with 300 high school boys in Seoul. The subjects were divided into an underweight (UW) group (BMI < $18.5kg/m^2$, n = 42), a normal weight (NW) group ($18.5kg/m^2\;{\leq}\;BMI\;<\;23kg/m^2$, n = 129) and an overweight (OW) group (BMI ${\geq}\;23kg/m^2$, n = 79) based on their body mass index (BMI). The average age of participants was 17.8 years old and their mean height and weight were 174.9 cm and 66.5 kg. The mean BMI of subjects was $21.7kg/m^2$ which fell within the normal range. Seventy six point four percent of subjects perceived nutrition labeling and they acquired the information pertaining to it through TV and internet. The UW group and the OW group obtained it from their parents, relatives and friends, while NW group acquired it from school. There were significant differences among groups in the acquired source of the information on nutrition labeling (p < 0.05). The NW group and the OW group trusted nutrition labeling more than the UW group, but there were no significant differences among them. Forty five point five percent of the UW group and 40.7% the NW group were satisfied with nutrition labeling education, while only 15.8% of the OW group did it. The OW group checked nutrition labeling more than the UW group and the NW group at the point of food purchase. The primary reason for examining nutrition labeling was 'to check nutrient contents' in the UW group and the NW group, while the OW group examined it to improve health including regulation of body weight. There were significant differences among groups with regards to the reason for examining nutrition labeling (p < 0.001). The OW group was aware that nutrition labeling affected their eating ha-bits significantly more than the other groups (p < 0.05). Therefore, application-centered education on nutrition labeling and the strong support of the government is needed in order to improve nutrition labeling use and to apply the information from nutrition labeling into student dietary life.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.8 no.12
• /
• pp.291-300
• /
• 2008

We survey recognition of nutrition labeling on the processed foods for the college students with distinction of sex and their major. The frequency of purchase that processed food is over the 3-5 times in a week. The man students preferred to have Ramyon, milk and milk products and the woman students' ingested snacks, soft drinks and sugar snacks. For another, the food major students like to have juice, soft drink, milk and milk products. Then again, the non-food major students ingested Ramyon, snacks and sugar snacks. The woman students and food major students show higher recognition of nutrition labeling and confirmation of it. The man student replied reason why to confirm nutrition labeling is to keep their health. But the woman students show interest to confirm nutrition content. The food major students confirm the nutrition labeling to determine the nutrition labels. The non-food major students did not confirm the nutrition labeling because they think it is an involved style. For knowledge of nutrition contents, the woman student and the student majoring food are well informed. But, all of the student show poor knowledge for staple foods, nutrient function and vitamin. As the research results, we suggest that the educated the student nutrition knowledge for nutrition labeling on the products. It helps to improve their dietary life and eating habits. And they can avoid buying of the processed foods by habit without confirmation of the nutrition.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.39 no.6
• /
• pp.826-836
• /
• 2010

This study was conducted to compare the dietary habits, nutrient intake and health status of female college students at Sahmyook University according to their majors. Specifically, women majoring in literature and science (77), food and nutrition (103) and sport (73) were evaluated. College women in the sports department were more likely to have a part-time job and had greater expenses than women in the other departments. The average height of college women in the sports department (164.3${\pm}$4.6 cm) was 2.04 cm taller than that of women with other majors (162.3${\pm}$4.7 cm). College women in the department of literature and science were more likely to have an unbalanced diet, even though they commonly ate small amounts of fruit as snacks. They were more prone to take nutrient tablets and vitamins when compared to women in the other departments. College women in the department of sport were more likely to have unbalanced meals (31.5%) and to overeat. Students in the department of food and nutrition ate more fruit, vitamin C and E but less cholesterol containing foods (p<0.05), less fast food and fried food than students in the other departments. The subjects in the department of sport ate less bread, sweet potatoes, fast foods and fried foods but more calories, fat, vitamin A, vitamin B, niacin, Ca, P and cholesterol than students in the other departments (p<0.05). They were also more likely to exercise for more than two hours a day. The most common problems among college women were going without meals, eating an unbalanced diet, overeating, intake of ill-balanced nutrients and lack of exercise. It was found that college women in the department of sport had a better intake of nutrients and maintained healthier life styles.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.71-85
• /
• 1984

The purpose of this study was to get a data which can provide a basis for future direction in nutritional education and to build up right eating habit and to find the way how to improve food life and the nutritional supply by evaluating the current nutritional intake of average middle school girls through the survey study of their daily food intakes and physical status. The survey of nutritional intakes and physical status in two girls middle schools, namely Jang'hung girls middle school at Jang'hung Up and Bo'song girls middle school at Bo'song Up, were carried by teachers majoring in Home Economics and nurse-teachers from 5 July to 7 July 1983. From a total of 1080 subjects of two girls middle schools, 887 subjects were surveyed. The results obtained from survey are summarized as follow: 1) Physical Status Average height, weight and chest girth of subjects in both middle schools were much lower than the Korean average standard (p<0.005${\sim}$p<0.001) and t-score of differences between two middle school girls were not significant. Rohrer index, nutrition rate and physique rate were also lower than Korean averag standard through all the ages in both girls middle schools. Menarche appeared mainly between the age of 13 to 15 (91.55 %), with a mean age of 14 (35. 01 %) and which was experienced by the subjects of 51.52 percentage among total surveyed Iniddlf school girls. 2) Nutritional Intakes The average daily intakes of all nutrient except iron, vitamin A, thiamin, ascorbic acid and niacin was lower than Korean Recommanded Dietary Allowances (RDA) . Especially average intake of calorie and calcium were much lower than Korean RDA(p<0.001) while average intake of thiamine and ascorbic acid were much higher than Korean RDA (p<0.001). T-score of differences of iron, thiamin, riboflavin between two middle school girls were very significant (p<0.001). Generally iron and riboflavin were the highest rate of intakes through three meals and breakfast took charge of considerable amount of all nutrient intake without omitting anything (about 30 % of daily nutrient intake). The nutrients of which ratio of nutrient intake by snack was more than 16.7 % were vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, ascorbic acid etc. and snack foods which were intake frequently in both middle school girls commonly were fruits, milk and milk products, bread and biscuits in sequence. 3) Correlations and t-score between physical status, menarche and nutrient intakes. Average intake of calorie at Jang'hung area was positively correlated with height, weight, nutrition rate and physique rate and this correlation was very significant (p<0.005). Average intake of calorie was also correlated with chest girth and Rohrer index (P<0.05). At Bo'song area, averse intake of riboflavin was negatively correlated with all the items of physical status (p<0.05-p<0.005), vitamin A was negatively correlated with chest girth and Rohrer index (p<0.05 respectively) and thiamin was also negatively correlated with chest girth, Rohrer index and nutrition rate (p<0.05 respectively). Especially niacin showed a negative cor-relation with all the items of physical status very significantly (p<0.005).The time of menarche showed a positive correlation with iron in both middle school girls commonly P<0.05 at Jang'hung, p<0.10 at Bo'song).

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.79-93
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this was to present the efficient directions of nutrition education for elementary school children. We examined the problems of eating habits. nutrition knowledge, and perception and expectations on nutrition education of elementary school children in school. This study was carried out using a self-administered questionnaire and subjects were 562 elementary school children in Gyeonggi Province. All data in this research was analyzed through SAS program, and the frequency$(\%)$ and the $mean{\pm}S.D.$ on each question were calculated. Data for each group was analyzed according to sex and the difference among the groups were treated for significance by using chi-square test and Student t-test. About $87.6\%$ of the children have a meal over three times a day, and $76.7\%$ answered that they ate at a certain time regularly everyday. Only $69.6\%$ of subjects said that they ate breakfast everyday, showing very high levels of skipping breakfast. The most common frequency of eating snacks was 'once a day' in both sexes(male $52.2\%$, female $48.6\%$). In the perception on the eating habits, $69.3\%$ of children recognized problems on dieting habits, such as unbalanced diet. irregular eating time, and overeating. The perceived and correct knowledge of nutrition were $99.5\%$ and $86.9\%$, respectively. Most of the children$(99.1\%)$ acknowledged that nutrition education need to be carried out in school. And children want to deeply deal with 'cooking', 'growth and nutrition', 'good eating habits', 'nutrition and disease', These results indicated that elementary school children tended to have undesirable eating behaviors, but the rate of children who recognize the importance and the needs of nutrition education in school was high. Therefore, their parents and teachers need to perform continuous education through a curriculum and life instruction so that students have healthy habits by considering what the problems of nutrition habits are, as the elementary students considerably recognize problems of their own dietary habits and needs of nutrition education.