• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.193-200
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• 2021

This study was conducted to explore factors for evaluating creative problem-solving ability and to identify measurement items. After reviewing the previous study, a questionnaire was conducted, and from that, 7 factors and 26 preliminary questions were obtained. Regarding the creative problem-solving ability, problem-discovery ability, idea generation ability, idea evaluation ability, and idea execution ability were confirmed in the problem-solving process. In addition, the factors of interaction ability between problem solving practitioners and creative efficacy of problem solving practitioners were explored. Finally, in the above results, metaphors and figurative cognitive thinking ability and evaluation items for creative problem-solving ability of HTE creative education model were presented. Through subsequent studies, we hope to serve as the groundwork of the evaluation model of HTE creative education.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.17-24
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• 1996

The computer simulation model was established to verify the applicability of smelting reduction concept to treatment of industrial wastes which becomes issue on the enviromental and recycling view point. Computer simulation model provides as following results. The increase of post combustion ratio(PCR) and heat transfer efficiency of PC energy(HTE) is effective ways to save energy. But, in order to increase PCR, recovery efficiency of post combustion energy(HTE) have to be higher than 85% HTE considering refractory life and saving energy together. Coke is most useful fuel source because it shows lowest dependence of PCR and low hydrogen content. The quality of hot metal of current process would be expected to the similar level with that of blast furnace. The utilization of scrap and Al dross can be also possible to maximize the advantages of current process which is high temperature and chemical dilution with hot metal and slag. In case of scrap, energy consumption was slightly increases because of heating up energy of scrap. Consquently, current process concept provides the possibility of intergrating recycles of industrial wastes materials such as EAF slag, coke oven dust, life terminated acidic refractory, aluminium dross and scrap by smelting reduction process.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.200-208
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• 2001

In indoor temperature control of a heat pump, a reduction in energy consumption is very important. However, most control schemes for heat pumps have focused only on control performance such s settling time and steady-state error. In this paper, the model predictive control (MPC) which includes the energy-related variable in this cost function is proposed. By computing the control signal minimizing this cost function, the trade-off between energy reduction and temperature control performance can be obtained. Since the MPC required the process model, the dynamic mode of a heat pump is also obtained by the system identification technique. Performance of the proposed MPC considering energy efficiency is compared with the two other control schemes. It si shown that the proposed scheme can consume less energy thant hte others in achieving similar control performance.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.18-23
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• 1984

The M$\sub$2/ tide near Cheju Island in studied on the bases of a scattering of incident tidal wave by an elliptic island in an ocean of constant depth. The amplitudes of incident and scattered waves are determined from the required boundary condition and by the least squares fit of the model to the tidal observations at 7 stations in the island. The tidal chart for M$\sub$2/ tide near the island is analytically constructed.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.277-285
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• 1993

To investigate the effects of dietary calcium levels on the Ca metabolism in a rat model of ovariectomized osteoporosis, two studies were conducted. In Expt. I, five week-old femalc rats ovariectomized and fed a low Ca diet(0.06% Ca) for four weeks were compared with rats fed a normal (0.53% Ca) or low Ca diet under the sham-operated condition. Ovariectomized rats showed a significant increase in body weight and food intake. In rats fed the low Ca diet, a remarkable decrease was shown regardless of ovariectomy in serum Ca concentration, breaking force of bones, Ca and phopsphrus contents of bones, and apparent absorption and retention of Ca. Furthermore hte decrease of Ca contents of serum and bones in rats ovariectomized and fed the low Ca diet was similar to that in rats model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. In Expt. II, rats ovariectomized and fed on the low Ca diet for four weeks were divided into three groups, those given low Ca diet, normal Ca diet and high Ca diet(1.06%) respectively. The results indicated that supplementations of Ca at the intake level of 0.53% and 1.06% for 4 weeks tend to improve the relative Ca deficiency shown in experimental rat model of ovariectomized osteoporosis.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.285-291
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• 1988

2-mercaptoethanol, thioglycolic acid, glutathione, 3-mercapto-1, 2-propanediol and 3-mercapto-2-butanol showed catalytic activities on the hydrolysis of $\alpha$-amino-phenylacetonitrile to phenylglycineamide at the rate of 12.19 $\times$ $10^{-2}$, 8.03 $\times$ $10^[-2}$, 6.83 $\times$ $10^{-2}$, 8.60 $\times$ $10^{-2}$ and 6.04 $\times$ $10^{-2}$ mM $min^{-1}$, respectively. hte hydrolysis rate was faster in buffer than in water. The hydrolysis of the nitrile compound to phenylglycine was limited.

• Korean Journal of Metals and Materials
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.304-310
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• 2009

Recently, manganese nodule has been focused on alternative resources because of its high grade of noble metallic elements such as Co, Ni, and Cu etc. From the viewpoint of an optimization the operating variables for energy efficiency of smelting reduction process, thermodynamic model for smelting reduction process of Manganese nodule was developed by using energy and material balance concept. This model provided that specific consumption of pure oxygen and coke was strongly depended on post combustion ratio (PCR) and heat transfer efficiency (HTE). The dressing and dehydrating process of low grade manganese can be proposed an essential process to minimize the specific energy consumption with decreasing slag volume. The effect of electricity coal base smelting reduction process was also discussed from the energy optimizing point of view.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.33 no.11
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• pp.456-463
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• 1984

The fast-rising high-voltage pulse generation circuit system of a theta pinch is both theoretically and experimentally investigated. The idealized model of this circuit system is a hybrid circuit system composed of three parts: a lumped circuit part being consisted of a capacitor bank and a spark switch connected in series, another lumped circuit part being consisted of the Blumlein transmission line, whose end load is the pinch coil. the voltage difference between two ends of the pinch coil is formulated by analyzing this hybrid circuit system by means of the law of the signal propagation in the transmission line and Kirchhoff's laws. The expedient numerical method for computer calculation is developed to generate the pulse profile of the voltage difference across the pinch coil. The period of the experimentally measured main pulse is a fourth of the theoretical one neglecting the resistance of the pinch coil. We attribute this discrepancy to the modelling in the theoretical calculation that hte resistance and inductance of the spark switch and capacitor bank are assumed to be constant through discharge. Therefore, we can see that the rise time of the imploding magnetic-field pulse is mainly dependent on the spark switch and capacitor bank.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.321-337
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• 1980

The increasing use of cardioplegic solution for the reduction of ischemic tissue injury requires that all cardiplegic solution be carefully assessed for any protective or damaging properties. This study describes functional, enzymatic and structural assessment of the efficiency of three cardioplegic solutions (Young & GIK, Bretschneider, and $K^{+}$ Albumin solution) in a Modified Isolated Rat Heart Model of cardiopulmonary bypass and ischemic arrest. Isolated rat heart were subjected to a 2-minute period of coronary infusion with a cold cardioplegic or a noncardioplegic solution immediately before and also at the midpoint of a 60-minute period of hypothermic ($10{\pm}1$. C) ischemic cardiac arrest. The results of this study were as follow: 1. Spontaneous heart beat after ischemic arrest occured 16 seconds later after Langendorff reperfusion in the Young & GIK group (n=6), and 40 second later in the Bretschneider group (n=6) and 6 minute later in the $K^{+}$ Albumin group (n=6), and 16 minute later in the control group (non-cardioplegia). A good recovery state of spontaneous heart beat was shown in the Young & GIK and Bretschneider groups. 2. The percentage of recorveries of heart function at 30 minute after postischemic working heart perfusion were : heart rate $91.6{\pm}3.1$% (P<0.01)m oeaj airtuc oressyre $83{\pm}3$% (P<0.01), coronary flow $70{\pm}8$% (P<0.05) and aortic flow flow rate $39{\pm}9.3$% (P<0.05) in the Young & GIK group. This percentage of recoveries of the Young & GIK group was significantly greater than the control group. In the Bretschneider group, the percentage of recoveries were : heart rate $87.8{\pm}7.5$%(P<0.05), peak aortic pressure $71{\pm}2.3$% (P<0.05) and aortic flow rate $33.2{\pm}6.6$%(P<0.05). hte percentage of recoveries were significantly greater than in the control group. In the $K^{+}$ Albumin group, recoveries of heart function were poor. 3. Total CPK leakage was $131.2{\pm}12.75$IU/30 min/gm. dry weight in the control group, $50.65{\pm}12.75$IU in the Young & GIK gruop, $69.40{\pm}32.21$Iu in Bretschneider group, and $103.65{\pm}15.47$IU in the $K^{+}$ Albumin group during the 30 minute postischemic Langendorff reperfusion. Total CPK leakage was significantly less (P<0.001) in the Young & GIK group, than in the control group. 4. Direct correlatin between percentage recovery of aortic flow rate and total amount of CPK leakage from Myocardium was noticed.(Correlation Coefficient r = 0.76, P<0.001). 5. Mild perivascular edema was the only finding of light microscopic study of myocardium after 60 minute ischemic arrest with cold cardioplegic solutions and hypothermla.