• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.395-400
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 얼굴 표정에서 나타나는 동적인 정서상태 변화를 고려한 얼굴 영상 기반 정서 인식 연구를 제안한다. 본 연구는 얼굴 영상 기반 정서적 특징 검출 및 분석 단계와 정서 상태 분류/인식 단계로 구분할 수 있다. 세부 연구의 구성 중 첫 번째는 Facial Action Units (FAUs)과 결합한 Active Shape Model (ASM)을 이용하여 정서 특징 영역 검출 및 분석기법의 제안이며, 두 번째는 시간에 따른 정서 상태의 동적 변화를 고려한 정확한 인식을 위하여 Hidden Markov Model(HMM) 형태의 Dynamic Bayesian Network를 사용한 정서 상태 분류 및 인식기법의 제안이다. 또한, 최적의 정서적 상태 분류를 위한 HMM의 파라미터 학습 시 Harmony Search (HS) 알고리즘을 이용한 휴리스틱 최적화 과정을 적용하였으며, 이를 통하여 동적 얼굴 영상 변화를 기반으로 하는 정서 상태 인식 시스템을 구성하고 그 성능의 향상을 도모하였다.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.155-162
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• 2018

Process modeling with activated sludge models (ASMs) is useful for the design and operational improvement of biological nutrient removal (BNR) processes. Effective utilization of ASMs requires the influent fraction analysis (IFA) of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). However, this is difficult due to the time and cost involved in the design and operation steps, thereby declining the simulation reliability. Harmony Search (HS) algorithm was utilized herein to determine the relationships between composite variables and state variables of the model IWA ASM1. Influent fraction analysis was used in estimating fractions of the state variables of the WWTP influent and its application to 9 wastewater treatment processes in South Korea. The results of influent $S_s$ and $Xs+X_{BH}$, which are the most sensitive variables for design of activated sludge process, are estimated within the error ranges of 8.9-14.2% and 3.8-6.4%, respectively. Utilizing the chemical oxygen demand (COD) fraction analysis for influent wastewater, it was possible to predict the concentrations of treated organic matter and nitrogen in 9 full scale BNR processes with high accuracy. In addition, the results of daily influent fraction analysis (D-IFA) method were superior to those of the constant influent fraction analysis (C-IFA) method.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2015

This paper aimed at modeling a fine triangular grid for network dome by using Harmony Search (HS) algorithm. For this purpose, an optimization process to find a fine regular triangular mesh on the curved surface was proposed and the analysis program was developed. An objective function was consist of areas and edge's length of each triangular and its standard deviations, and design variables were subject to the upper and lower boundary which was calculated on the nodal connectivity. Triangular network dome model, which was initially consist of randomly irregular triangular mesh, was selected for the target example and the numerical result was analyzed in accordance with the HS parameters. From the analysis results of adopted model, the fitness function has been converged and the optimized triangular grid could be obtained from the initially distorted network dome example.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.321-330
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• 2014

자외선은 피부의 구조적, 생리학적 변화를 일으키는 대표적인 외부 환경 인자로서 광노화, 일광화상 및 피부암을 일으키는 원인이 된다. 이러한 자외선은 외부적인 스트레스 자극 인자로 작용하여 피부 세포 내에서 비활성 코르티손을 활성 코르티솔로 전환시키는 효소인 $11{\beta}$-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 ($11{\beta}-HSD1$)의 발현 및 활성을 증가시킨다. 이에 본 연구에서는 UVB에 의해 증가된 $11{\beta}-HSD1$의 발현을 효과적으로 억제할 수 있는 천연 추출물을 발굴하고자 하였다. 사람 섬유아세포에 다양한 천연물을 스크리닝한 결과, 능실 추출물이 유의한 효과가 있음을 확인하고, 능실 추출물을 추가 분획하여 사람 섬유아세포와 3D skin model에서 피부 광노화 억제 소재로서의 가능성을 확인하였다. 능실 추출물 및 분획물은 섬유아세포에서 $11{\beta}-HSD1$의 발현을 억제함과 동시에 자외선에 의한 matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, 3, 9 및 염증성 싸이토카인(IL-6, 8)의 발현 증가를 억제하였다. 또한, 3D skin model을 이용한 평가에서, 능실 추출물은 UVB에 의한 MMP-1 단백질 발현을 억제하였고, UVB에 의한 표피 두께 감소 및 각질형성세포의 증식 감소를 회복시켰다. 따라서, 본 연구 결과로부터 능실 추출물 및 분획물은 UVB에 의한 $11{\beta}-HSD1$의 발현 증가와 이에 수반하는 광노화를 효과적으로 예방함을 확인하였다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.75-86
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• 2020

This study aims to simulate the stabilization process of fibrous peat samples using end-bearing Cement Deep Mixing (CDM) columns by three area improvement ratios of 13.1% (TS-2), 19.6% (TS-3) and 26.2% (TS-3). It also focuses on the determination of approximate stress distribution between CDM columns and untreated fibrous peat soil. First, fibrous peat samples were mechanically stabilized using CDM columns of different area improvement ratio. Further, the ultimate bearing capacity of a rectangular foundation rested on the stabilized peat was calculated in stress-controlled condition. Then, this process was simulated via a FEM-based model using Plaxis 3-D foundation and the numerical modelling results were compared with experimental findings. In the numerical modelling stage, the behaviour of fibrous peat was simulated based on hardening soil (HS) model and Mohr-Coulomb (MC) model, while embedded pile element was utilized for CDM columns. The results indicated that in case of untreated peat HS model could predict the behaviour of fibrous peat better than MC model. The comparison between experimental and numerical investigations showed that the stress distribution between soil (S) and CDM columns (C) were 81%C-19%S (TS-2), 83%C-17%S (TS-3) and 89%C-11%S (TS-4), respectively. This implies that when the area improvement ratio is increased, the share of the CDM columns from final load was increased. Finally, the calculated bearing capacity factors were compared with results on the account of empirical design methods.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.71-82
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 최근 개발된 화음 탐색법을 이용해 교통망 통행배정 모형의 통행비용 함수의 하나인 BPR 함수의 계수들을 추정하였다. 기존 연구에서는 교통량과 통행시간 자료를 실측해 이를 통계적으로 분석해 계수를 추정하는 방법과 관측교통량과 통행배정 교통량을 일치시키는 계수값을 찾는 것을 목표로 통행배정 모형과 최적화 기법을 결합시킨 방법을 이용하여왔다. 이중 대형 교통망의 계수 정산에 자주 이용되어온 최적화 기법은 관측 통행패턴을 최대한 근접하게 재현하는 계수를 추정할 수 있다는 장점이 있으나 그 수학적 성질과 추정 계수값에 대한 수학적 검토가 충분히 이루어지지 못했다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제 인식아래 최근 개발된 전역 탐색 기법인 화음탐색법 기반의 교통망 비용함수 정산 방법을 개발하였다. 화음탐색법은 2000년대 초반 개발된 이후 다양한 분야에서 기존에 사용되던 전역탐색기법들에 비해 우수한 성질을 입증하여 왔으나 교통분야에는 그 적용 예가 거의 없었다. 본 연구는 화음탐색법의 개념을 설명하고 이를 이용해 개발된 정산 알고리즘을 기존 연구에서 사용된 점진증가법 및 황금율법과 성능 비교하였다. 화음탐색법 기반 정산기법은 기존 기법들에 비해 관측 통행패턴을 보다 근접하게 재현할 수 있는 비용함수 계수값들을 찾을 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또, 관측 교통량 기반 계수추정법은 BPR식의 ${\beta}$값 추정에는 적합하지만 초기속도나 ${\alpha}$값 정산을 위해서는 통행 속도나 시간과 같은 추가 자료가 필요한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.498-504
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• 2016

In this study, to predict the effect of beach nourishment at Haeundae Beach, the waves and wave-induced currents were compared before and after beach nourishment using the XBEACH model. Representative wave conditions were determined for the data observed during 2014 (KHOA). Then, the Hs,max and Hs,1/10 values, and their prevalent directions, were used in the numerical modeling input data. A variable grid system was used for the $5km{\times}2.5km$ model areas, and irregular waves based on the JONSWAP spectrum were given as incident wave conditions. In the summer season, eastward wave-induced currents were developed along the beach by the incident wave direction. Before the beach nourishment, the maximum speed around the surf zone was 1.2-1.5 m/s in the central zone of the beach, whereas the maximum speed increased to 1.4-1.6 m/s at the same areas when the currents toward Mipo Harbor were blocked as an effect of the groins after the beach nourishment. In the winter season, westward wave-induced currents were developed along the beach by the incident wave direction. After the beach nourishment, the maximum current speed increased slightly around the surf zone in the central area of the beach, and the littoral current speed decreased at the submerged breakwaters located at Dongbaek Island. As a result, after the beach nourishment, the maximum wave-induced currents increased about 10% in the surf zone of the central area of the beach.

• 무역학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.47-67
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• 2017

본 연구는 네트워크 분석기법에 기반을 둔 생산물공간모형(product space model)의 분석도구들을 이용해 대구경북지역 산업을 분석한다. 분석대상기간을 2000~2001년과 2013~2015년의 두 기간으로 설정하고, 지역산업에 대한 현시비교우위의 동태적 변동을 추적해 HS 4단위의 421개 품목을 대상으로 전통(즉, 경쟁력 유지)품목, 신흥품목, 사양품목, 한계품목의 네 그룹으로 구분한 후 생산물공간 구조를 살펴보고 있다. 이를 통해 2000~2001년 이후 최근에 이르는 동안 지역산업은 상당한 구조전환을 겪었으며, 그 구조전환의 범위와 폭이 넓었다는 점을 확인할 수 있었다. 아울러 그러한 구조전환이 산업별 품목별로 어떻게 다르게 나타나는지를 확인할 수 있었는데 이는 정책대응이 필요한 대상영역에 대한 유용한 정보로 활용될 수 있어 보인다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제60권11호
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• pp.359-364
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• 2017

Purpose: The risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been shown to be associated with systemic inflammation in obese adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of MetS and its relation to inflammatory markers in obese Thai children. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Children with history of endogenous obesity, chronic diseases, drug ingestion, and any acute illness within 2 weeks prior to enrollment were excluded. Their fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels, oral glucose tolerance tests, insulin, lipid profiles, and selected inflammatory markers, including interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels, were tested. Results: In this study, 58 obese Thai children (female, 20; male, 38) with a mean body mass index z score of $5.1{\pm}2.2$ were enrolled. The prevalence of MetS and prediabetes was 31% and 17.2%, respectively. None of the children had diabetes. FBG levels, 2-hour glucose levels, and lipid profiles were not statistically different between those with and without MetS. However, obese children with MetS had higher insulin levels and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance values. Elevated hs-CRP levels were found in 69% of the cases, although it was not statistically different between the 2 groups. Conclusion: We described a substantial prevalence of MetS in Thai obese children. Regardless of MetS status, two-thirds of the obese children had elevated hs-CRP level, indicating subtle ongoing inflammatory process. This chronic inflammation feasibly predisposes them to CVD in the future, even in children without MetS.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.259-266
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• 2022

Objectives: The combination of Harm-Avoidance (HA) and Self-Directedness (SD) of Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) has been reported pivotal for mental health; however its clinical usefulness in integrative medicine has not sufficiently reported. The purpose of this study was to illustrate multi-phasic mental health of subjective satisfaction with life, emotional well-being, and psychopathology, following the HA-SD profile groups. Methods: A total of 527 Korean university students reported HA and SD scores as to render their HA-SD profile, and multi-phasic mental health characteristics using Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) with composite well-being scales of SC (Sum of Self-Directedness and Cooperativeness score) and HI (Happiness Index, subtraction of Negative Affect (NA) score from Positive Affect (PA) score) as standardized. Pearson's correlation was used to report correlation coefficient, and the ANCOVA with age and sex as covariates, to show significant differences in mental health and well-being between the HA-SD profile groups. Results: The HA-SD profile groups showed distinctive multi-phasic mental health characteristics; health related scores of SWLS, PA, SC and HI decreased following the order of hS (low HA and high SD), HS (high HA and high SD), hs (low HA and low SD) and Hs (high HA and low SD) profile groups; however the non-health related scores of NA and BDI showed contrasting order. Conclusions: The HA-SD profile was found to be clinically useful for examining multi-phasic mental health and well-being status, and the TCI may be an imperative personality inventory for integrative medicine.