• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.113-120
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• 2017

HCP(Half Cell Potential) method has been widely used since it is recognized as a efficient NDT(Non Destructive Technique) for corrosion detection. This work is for an evaluation of relation between corrosion amount and measured HCP in dried condition through ICM(Impressed Current Method) for accelerating corrosion. For the work, cement mortar specimens with three w/c ratios and four cover depths are prepared, and corrosion test based on ICM is performed for 6 hours, 18 hour, and 42 hours with constant 20V of electrical charge, respectively. From the test, corrosion amount increases with reduced cover depth, increasing w/c ratio, and extended corrosion period, where corrosion amount is evaluated to linearly increases with measured HCP in dried condition. In order to evaluate corrosion amount through measured HCP, the measured HCP level is firstly determined and then corrosion amount is to be compared with measured HCP, which is evaluated to be more reasonable with higher C.O.V.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.134-139
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• 2004

Hybrid cluster protein (HCP) was investigated because of its unique iron-sulfur clusters, which have been found in bacteria and archaea. Here, HCP homologous proteins from the third domain, 'eukarya'(3 amitochondriate protozoans, Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica, and Trichomonas vaginalis), were identified. All three amitochondriate protozoan HCPs (GlHCP, EhHCP, and TvHCP) belonged to Class I on the basis of two key characters, the cysteine spacing, Cys-(Xaa)₂Cys(Xaa)/sub 7-8/-Cys(Xaa)/sub 5/-Cys, and the absence of N-terminal deletion characteristic to the Class III. In phylogenetic analysis performed with amino acid sequences of 3 eukaryal, 5 bacterial, and 4 archaeal HCPs, the maximum likelihood (ML) tree indicated that TvHCP was clustered with Class I HCPs, whereas the other two HCPs (GlHCP and EhHCP) formed an independent clade with a high bootstrapping value (96%) not belonging to any previously recognized HCP class. In spite of the relatively lower bootstrapping value (61%), the position of the new eukaryal GlHCP-EhHCP clade was close to Class I, including the TvHCP, and Classes II and III were closely related with each other. The finding of eukaryal HCPs would help to understand the evolutionary history of HCP.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.35 no.9
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• pp.375-379
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• 1986

The HCP(Hypocycloidal Pinch) device for plasma focus was modified for a pumping source of the dye laser, and the spectral distribution and time behavior of its light pulses were investigated by using a UV spectrometer, 70 MHz CRO and Si-PIN photodiode detector. An array of multiple stages of HCP and narrower electrode gaps were chosen in order to make a more uniform discharge along the HCP axis. The possible spectral range for the pumping of dye laser is 360-620nm, when the HCP is operated at 5-8kv of apllied voltage and 50-150Torr of Ar fill gas pressure. The rise-time and FWHM of light pulses from the HCP are 5us and 30-50us respectively when it is operated under the same conditions as above.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.3235-3242
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• 2016

Background: Complementary alternative medicine (CAM) use in children with cancer is widespread. Health-care providers (HCP) need to acknowledge and address this need. This study explored and compared perspectives on CAM of HCP and parents of young patients with cancer in Indonesia. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using semi-structured questionnaires in HCP and parents of childhood cancer patients at an Indonesian academic hospital. Results: A total of 351 respondents participated: 175 HCP (response rate 80%) and 176 parents (response rate 80%). Parents were more likely than HCP to think that chemotherapy can cure cancer (80% compared to 69%, P=0.013). Nearly half of all parents (46%) and HCP (45%) doubted whether CAM can cure cancer. Parents were more likely than HCP to think that CAM can be helpful in childhood cancer treatment (54% compared to 35%, P=0.003). The most recommended CAM by HCP was self-prayer (93%). Reasons for recommending CAM were: hope for improvement of the child's condition (48%), patient wants to stop treatment (42%). Most discouraged CAM by HCP was by old-smart people (70%), the reasons being: lack of evidence for usefulness (77%), lack of CAM knowledge (75%). The proportion thinking that patients were unlikely to raise the CAM topic if they perceived that doctors were skeptical was higher in parents than in HCP (52% versus 1%) (P<0.001). Most HCP (71%) and parents (77%) acknowledged that their knowledge about safety and efficacy of CAM was inadequate (P=ns). The proportion that wanted to learn or read more about CAM was higher among parents than HCP (48% compared to 31%, P=0.002). Conclusions: HCP and parents have different perspectives on CAM use in children with cancer. HCP should enhance their CAM knowledge and encourage open communication about CAM with parents. If doctors' skepticism is perceived, parents are unlikely to raise CAM as a topic.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.39-44
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• 2015

It is well known that the space radiation dose over the polar route should be carefully considered especially when the space weather shows sudden disturbances such as CME and flares. The National Meteorological Satellite Center (NMSC) and Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) recently established a basis for a space radiation service for the public by developing a space radiation prediction model and heliocentric potential (HCP) prediction model. The HCP value is used as a critical input value of the CARI-6 and CARI-6M programs, which estimate the aviation route dose. The CARI-6/6M is the most widely used and confidential program that is officially provided by the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The HCP value is given one month late in the FAA official webpage, making it difficult to obtain real-time information on the aviation route dose. In order to overcome this limitation regarding time delay, we developed a HCP prediction model based on the sunspot number variation. In this paper, we focus on the purpose and process of our HCP prediction model development. Finally, we find the highest correlation coefficient of 0.9 between the monthly sunspot number and the HCP value with an eight month time shift.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.279-285
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• 2016

The space radiation dose over air routes including polar routes should be carefully considered, especially when space weather shows sudden disturbances such as coronal mass ejections (CMEs), flares, and accompanying solar energetic particle events. We recently established a heliocentric potential (HCP) prediction model for real-time operation of the CARI-6 and CARI-6M programs. Specifically, the HCP value is used as a critical input value in the CARI-6/6M programs, which estimate the aviation route dose based on the effective dose rate. The CARI-6/6M approach is the most widely used technique, and the programs can be obtained from the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). However, HCP values are given at a one month delay on the FAA official webpage, which makes it difficult to obtain real-time information on the aviation route dose. In order to overcome this critical limitation regarding the time delay for space weather customers, we developed a HCP prediction model based on sunspot number variations (Hwang et al. 2015). In this paper, we focus on improvements to our HCP prediction model and update it with neutron monitoring data. We found that the most accurate method to derive the HCP value involves (1) real-time daily sunspot assessments, (2) predictions of the daily HCP by our prediction algorithm, and (3) calculations of the resultant daily effective dose rate. Additionally, we also derived the HCP prediction algorithm in this paper by using ground neutron counts. With the compensation stemming from the use of ground neutron count data, the newly developed HCP prediction model was improved.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.124-132
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• 2022

The corrosion potential in concrete varies greatly with exposure and concrete mix conditions. In this study, RC (Reinforcement Concrete) samples were prepared considering cover depth, chloride concentration, and W/C(water to cement) ratio as variables, and HCP(Half Cell Potential) was measured, which evaluated comparative potential between embedded steel and concrete surface. In addition, OCP(Open Circuit Potential) was measured using buried steel and CE(Counter Electrode). Agar and NaOH solution were used as ion exchange materials and Hg/HgO was used for RE(Reference Electrode), which was more sensitive to temperature than HCP. Among the influencing factors, the exposure period and chloride concentration had a relatively greater effect than cover depth and w/c ratio. Additionally, the entire measured HCP and OCP showed a clearly linear relationship with increasing cover depth and w/c ratio. Through multiple regression analysis, the relationship between HCP and OCP was quantified, and an improved correlation was obtained with temperature effect.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.62 no.6
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• pp.643-648
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• 2019

Objective : Shunt-dependent hydrocephalus (SdHCP) is a well-known complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The risk factors for SdHCP have been widely investigated, but few risk scoring systems have been established to predict SdHCP. This study was performed to investigate the risk factors for SdHCP and devise a risk scoring system for use before aneurysm obliteration. Methods : We reviewed the data of 301 consecutive patients who underwent aneurysm obliteration following SAH from September 2007 to December 2016. The exclusion criteria for this study were previous aneurysm obliteration, previous major cerebral infarction, the presence of a cavum septum pellucidum, a midline shift of >10 mm on initial computed tomography (CT), and in-hospital mortality. We finally recruited 254 patients and analyzed the following data according to the presence or absence of SdHCP : age, sex, history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, Hunt-Hess grade, Fisher grade, aneurysm size and location, type of treatment, bicaudate index on initial CT, intraventricular hemorrhage, cerebrospinal fluid drainage, vasospasm, and modified Rankin scale score at discharge. Results : In the multivariate analysis, acute HCP (bicaudate index of ${\geq}0.2$) (odds ratio [OR], 6.749; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.843-16.021; p=0.000), Fisher grade of 4 (OR, 4.108; 95% CI, 1.044-16.169; p=0.043), and an age of ${\geq}50years$ (OR, 3.938; 95% CI, 1.375-11.275; p=0.011) were significantly associated with the occurrence of SdHCP. The risk scoring system using above parameters of acute HCP, Fisher grade, and age (AFA score) assigned 1 point to each (total score of 0-3 points). SdHCP occurred in 4.3% of patients with a score of 0, 8.5% with a score of 1, 25.5% with a score of 2, and 61.7% with a score of 3 (p=0.000). In the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) for the risk scoring system was 0.820 (p=0.080; 95% CI, 0.750-0.890). In the internal validation of the risk scoring system, the score reliably predicted SdHCP (AUC, 0.895; p=0.000; 95% CI, 0.847-0.943). Conclusion : Our results suggest that the herein-described AFA score is a useful tool for predicting SdHCP before aneurysm obliteration. Prospective validation is needed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technology Innovation Society Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.226-240
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to establish a proper evaluation system for R&D performance by analyzing relationships between quantitative results of science& technology and national wealth. We analyzed 193,474 research papers in multi-disciplinary fields from SCOPUS database and explored co-relations between HCP production by section and national wealth. This research found a significant relationship between the number of HCP papers and GDP & GDP per capita by nation. Also, results from this study indicate that top 30 to 40 percent of researches should be reflected in the performance evaluation while these numbers could be flexible in accordance with the direction of national policy. In terms of future research, this study provides basis for designing more effective R&D performance evaluation systems.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.194-200
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• 2006

Titanium oxide films were deposited by the nozzle type HCP RT-MOCVD for the application of metal-oxide films. In the case of TTNB, after depositing films, films must be annealed at a proper temperature, but in the case of titanium ethoxide, titanium oxide films could be directly deposited by titanium ethoxide without general annealing. We could confirm that ratio of O to Ti in the films was about 2 : 1 at RF-power of 240 watt, distance between cathode and substrate of 3 cm, deposition time of 20 min, and ratio of Ar to $O_2$ of 1 : 1. Therefore, we could obtain the titanium oxide film deposited by the nozzle type HCP RT-MOCVD without an annealing process and could apply in the metal-oxide deposition process at a low temperature.