• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.117-124
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• 2008

The leaves of Perilla frutescens Britt. var. japonica Hara (Labiatae) are often used in gourmet food in several Asian countries. Two kinds of perilla cultivars, Namcheon (NC) and Bora (BR), have been respectively developed in Korea by the pure line of 'deulkkae' from the local variety and by the cross of 'deulkkae' and 'chajogi'. The present study evaluated and compared antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of the fractions prepared from the leaves of the two cultivars using cell-free bioassay systems and primary cultured rat cortical cells. We found that the spirit, chloroform, hexane and butanol fractions from NC and BR leaves inhibited lipid peroxidation initiated in rat brain homogenates by $Fe^{2+}$ and L-ascorbic acid. In contrast, only the spirit and butanol fractions from both cultivars exhibited 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity. Among the fractions tested, the butanol fractions from NC and BR leaves exhibited the most potent antioxidant properties, and the butanol fraction from BR was more potent than the NC fraction. In consistence with these findings, the butanol fractions from both cultivars protected primary cultured cortical cells from the oxidative damage induced by $H_2O_2$ or xanthine and xanthine oxidase, with the BR butanol fraction being more active. The butanol fractions from NC and BR did not produce cytotoxicity in our cultures treated for 24 h at the concentrations of up to $100\;{\mu}g/ml$. Taken together, these results indicate that the leaves of the two cultivars of Perilla frutescens exert antioxidant and neuroprotective effects, and that the butanol fraction from BR leaves exhibits the most potent antioxidative neuroprotection among the fractions tested in this study.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 2002

The mirid bug damages on grapevine were observed not only on young shoot and leaves (decoloration, deforming, and perforation) but also on fruits (black spot, corky scar, and young fruit shattering). Among 159 fields surveyed throughout the country, 113 fields (71%) were damaged, and the damages were relatively severer in the chief producing districts of grape vine, such as Gimpo, Anseong, Naju, Gimcheon, Buyeo, Daejeon, Yesan than other districts where grapevine yards were not concentrated. The severest shoot damages were observed in two grape vine yards of Naju (85%) and Gimpo (65%) in 1999. Three species of virid bugs were recognized on grape vine tree, Apoygus spinolae (Meyer-Dur), Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dur), and Orthotylus (Melanotrichus) flavosparsus(Sahlberg). Among them, A. spinolae was dominant species in the number of specimens collected. A. spinolae were collected on 10 host plants including Vitis vinifera L., Prunus armeniaca var. ansu Max., and prunus serrulata var. spontanea(Max.) Wils. and etc., and A. lucorum were collected on 10 species of plants, including Artemisia iwayomogi Kitamura, Artemisia princeps var. orientalis(Pampan) Hara and etc. Both A. spinolae and A. lucorum distributed widely in Korean grapevine yards.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.1755-1759
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• 2009

Surface structure and molecular orientation of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) formed by the spontaneous adsorption of tetrahydrothiophene (THT) and thiophene (TP) on Au(111) were investigated by means of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and carbon K-edge near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. STM imaging revealed that THT SAMs have a commensurate (3 ${\times}\;2\sqrt[]{3}$) structure containing structural defects in ordered domains, whereas TP SAMs are composed of randomly adsorbed domains and paired molecular row domains that can be described as an incommensurate packing structure. The NEXAFS spectroscopy study showed that the average tilt angle of the aliphatic THT ring and $\pi$-conjugated TP ring in the SAMs were calculated to be about $30^o\;and\;40^o$, respectively, from the surface normal. It was also observed that the $\pi$* transition peak in the NEXAFS spectrum of the TP SAMs is very weak, suggesting that a strong interaction between $\pi$-electrons and the Au surface arises during the self-assembly of TP molecules. In this study, we have clearly demonstrated that the surface structure and adsorption orientation of organic SAMs on Au(111) are strongly influenced by whether the cyclic ring is saturated or unsaturated.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.78-83
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• 2007

In this study, we investigated the biological activity of antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Indigenous Plants, Jeju-Island., which, using methanol were extracted. The reducing activity on the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and $O^{2-}$ and OH radical scavenging potential, in search for antioxidation activities of Indigenous Plants, were sequentially screened. Among the ten plant parts, Prunella vulgaris var. aleutica Fernald. flower had the highest antioxidative activity. 80% Methanol extracts of ten indigenous plants were screened for antibacterial activity 13 fish pathogenic bacteria by agar diffusion method. Among the various 80% Methanol extracts, the Prunella vulgaris var. aleutica Fernald, Gleichenia japonica Spreng, Microlepia marginata (panzer) Christ., Perilla frutescens var. japonica Hara. showed relatively strong antibacterial activities in the order.

• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
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• 2003.09b
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• pp.149-162
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• 2003

Moisturizing the skin is one of the most important functions of skincare cosmetics, because water plays a significant role in keeping the skin healthy. There are various humectants including polyol (glycerin and 1,3-butylene glycol), water-soluble polymers, and botanical extracts. It is well known that the increased amount of polyol in lotion for obtaining high moisturizing effect gives a sticky feeling to the skin. Therefore, a few humectants that can give high moisturizing effect without a sticky feeling for lotion formula is available. On the other hand, oil-based lipstick is well known to have a difficulty to contain a large amount of hydrophilic humectants, because the humectants is unable to be mixed well into oil-based lipsticks and give the lips a peculiar taste. There are newly developed humectants, polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene dimethyl ether (EPDME) that can solve these problems describable above. EPDME is a random copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. EPDME gives a low sticky feeling with a high moisturizing effect when it is used in lotion. As a remarkable character, EPDME can show not only a preventing effect on rough and dry skin, but also a improving effect upon the use for 1-4 weeks. EPDME can show a synergistic effect with glycerin on preventing to rough and dry skin. Since EPDME can be dissolved in oil-based formulation and used as an ingredient of lipsticks, EPDME can give a moisturizing effect that allows lip to be healthy condition. EPDME can also give no peculiar taste even upon the use of a large amount. EPDME is a useful cosmetic ingredient that can show a good skin care effect in both water-based formula and oil-based formula. EPDME of which polarity can be controllable is expected to be used for various cosmetic applications in near future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.59-69
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• 1989

As for the Japanese dietary style and dietary equipments, many are regarded, with the rice plant imported, as the influence of China and Korea, while traditional culture has recently changed in Japanese and Korean urban lives because of the increase of nuclear families and modernization of lives. Of 1,244 junior high school students of boys and girls in Tokyo and Seoul, we investigated the present situations of the employment of dining equipments October to November, 1987. The results obtained are as follows. More cases that each member of a family had his or her own dining equipment were found in Japan. The frequency of using chopsticks was high in both countries. Korean children, having no struggles, handled chopsticks better than Japanese children. As for the dishing-up of sidedishes, more than half of Japanese used their individual plates, while in Korean families they used whole dishes. As for the employment of dining equipments, Japanese people have established their own style because of the national character of delicacy and finicality. This kind of traditional habits were found much more in extended families than in nuclear families. In Korea, the traditional spirit and the broad-minded characteristics cherished in the continental circumstances were manifested in the employment of dining equipments and their strong national character will not easily accept the wave of modernization.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.116-124
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• 2010

This study was aimed to clerify the cytotoxicity of some plant extracts such as Hosta longissima HONDA (HL), Hemerocallis fulva var. Kwanso REGL (HFVK), Hemerocallis fulva L (HF), Macrocapium officinale NAKAI (MO) and Mentha canadensis var. piperascens HARA (MCVP), the cultured NIH3T3 fibroblasts were treated with 25, 50, 100, 150 and $200{\mu}g/mL$ of five kinds of plant extracts for 48 hours, respectively. The cytotoxicity of plant extracts was measured by MTT and NR assays for the cell viability, and XTT assay for the cell adhesion activity. In this study, HL, MO and FHVK extracts showed the range of midtoxic-non toxic by the criteria of chemical cytotoxicity. While, the HF and MCVP extracts showed midtoxic. In the extract cytotoxicity, HL, MO and FHVK extracts showed non-toxic by the criteria of extract cytotoxicity. While, HF extract was determined as lower-toxic. In the responsive sensitivity of each plant extract on colorimetric assays, HF extract was sensitive to mitochondrial enzyme by MTT assay, lysosomal enzyme by NR assay and mitochondrial nucleus by XTT assay. While, MCVP extract was sensitive to mitochondrial enzyme by MTT assay and lysosomal enzyme by NR assay than other assays. While, HL, HFVK and MO extracts were most sensitive to NR assay. Cell culture is one of useful materials in the screening of cytotoxic and recovary effect on the putative chemical agents or plant extract. And also, colorimetric assay is regarded as very useful tools for quantitative measurement of cytotoxic effect on plant extracts in vitro.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.38-43
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• 2007

This paper describes ultrasonically assisted grinding used to obtain a glossy surface quickly and precisely. High-quality surfaces are required for plastic injection molding dies used in the production of plastic parts such as dials for cellular phones. Traditionally, in order to finish the dies, manual polishing by a skilled worker has been required after the machining processes, such as electro discharge machining (EDM), which leaves an affected layer, and milling, which leaves tooling marks. However, manual polishing causes detrimental geometrical deviations of the die and consumes several days to finish a die surface. Therefore, a machining process for finishing dies without manual polishing to improve the surface roughness and form accuracy would be extremely valuable. In this study, a 3D positioning machine equipped with an ultrasonic spindle was used to conduct grinding experiments. An electroplated diamond tool was used for these experiments. Generally, diamond tools cannot grind steel because of excessive wear as a result of carbon atoms diffusing into bulk steel and chips. However, ultrasonically assisted grinding can achieve a fine surface (roughness Rz of $0.4{\mu}m$) on die steel without severe tool wear. The final aim of this study is to realize mirror surface grinding for injection molding dies without manual polishing. To do this, it is necessary to fabricate an electroplated diamond tool with high form accuracy and low run-out. This paper describes a tool-making method for high precision grinding and the grinding performance of a self-electroplated tool. The ground surface textures, tool performance and tool life were investigated A ground surface roughness Rz of 0.14 um was achieved Our results show that the spindle speed, feed rate and cross feed affected the surface texture. One tool could finish $5000mm^2$ of die steel surface without any deterioration of the ground surface roughness.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.164-169
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• 2006

In this study, we investigated the biological activity of antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Indigenous Plants, Jeju-Island., which, using water were extracted. The reducing activity on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical and $O^{2-}$ and OH radical scavenging potential, in search for antioxidation activities of Indigenous Plants, were sequentially screened. Among the ten plant parts, Prunella vulgaris var. aleutica Fernald. flower had the highest antioxidative activity. Hot water extracts of ten indigenous plants were screened for antibacterial activity 13 fish pathogenic bacteria by agar diffusion method. Among the various Hot water extracts, the Prunella vulgaris var. aleutica Fernald, Gleichenia japonica Spreng, Microlepia marginata(panzer) Christ., Perilla frutescens var. japonica Hara. showed relatively strong antibacterial activities in the order.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.7-11
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• 1996

This study was conducted to know the effects of light intensity and temperature on growth of V. fauriei plants. Photosynthesis of V. fauriei had highly significant relations to light intensity and temperature in a quadratic regression model, from which the optimum light intensity and temperature for the plant growth were estimated to be 40,000lux and $17.7^{\circ}C.$ Root was produced less by shading at Jinbu where is located in alpine region, but root yield is increased by shading at Umsong where is located in plane region. Roots were produced more in Jinbu than in Umsong. A highly significant quadratic regression was noted between temperature and leaf width or root weight of V. fauriei. It was estimated from the regression equation that the optimum temperature for root growth was $20.3^{\circ}C.$