• 제목/요약/키워드: H3K9

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수용액중의 수은전극에서 바나듐-디에틸렌트리아민 펜타아세트산염의 환원 및 평형연구 (Reduction and Equilibrium of Vanadium-Diethylenetriamine Pentaacetates at Mercury Electrode in Aqueous Solution)

  • 정기석;손세철;하영경;엄태윤;윤석승
    • 대한화학회지
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    • 제33권1호
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    • pp.55-64
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    • 1989
  • 0.5M $NaClO_4$ 수용액중의 수은전극에서 바나듐-디에틸렌트리아민펜타아세트산(DTPA)염의 전기화학적 환원 및 평형을 온도 25$^{\circ}C$와 3.2 < pH < 10.5 에 걸쳐서 연구하였다. 바나듐(III)-DTPA착물은 모든 pH에 걸쳐서 V${\cdot}A^{3-}$-(A=DTPA)로서 존재하고 EDTA같은 다른 디아민카르복시산과의 착물들과 달리 수소첨가가 일어나지 않고 $OH^-$도 배위되지 않으며 가역적으로 바나듐(II)-DTPA착물로 환원된다. 3.2 < pH < 5.9에서는 전극반응이 $V{\cdot}A^{2-}+H^++e^-=V{\cdot}HA^{2-}$와 같이 진행하며 $V{\cdot}HA^{3-}$ 의 안정도상수는 $3.09{\times}10^{14}$과 같이 구하여졌다. $VO^{2+}$이온의 경우 pH적정결과 착화반응은 $VO^{2+}+H_2A^{3-}=VO{\cdot}HA^{2+}H^{+}$$VO{\cdot}HA^{2-}=VO{\cdot}A^{3+}+H$ 와 같이 2단계에 걸쳐서 진행되며, $VO{\cdot}HA{2-}$의 산해리상수는 pKa=7.15이다. $VO{\cdot}HA^{2-}$$VO{\cdot}A^{3-}$ 의 안정도상수는 각각 $1.41{\times}10^{14}$$3.80{\times}10^{17}$과 같이 구하여졌다. 바나듐(IV)-DTPA착물은 비가역적으로 바나듐(III)-DTPA착물로 환원되며 이때 전이상수 ${\alpha}$=0.43이다. 더 큰 음의 과전압에서는 2단계에 걸쳐서 환원된다. 이 때 첫째 단계의 환원은 3.2 < pH < 10.5에서 $VO{\cdot}A^{3-}+e{\to}VO{\cdot}A^4$인 것으로 판단되었다. 두번째 단계의 환원은 V(III)의 환원과 같다. $VO{\cdot}HA^{2-}$$VO{\cdot}A^{3-}$의 확산계수로서 각각 $(9.0{\pm}0.4){\times}10^{-6}cm^2/s$$(5.9{\pm}0.4){\times}10^{-6}cm^2/s$ 을 구하였다.

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H9 Inhibits Tumor Growth and Induces Apoptosis via Intrinsic and Extrinsic Signaling Pathway in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Xenografts

  • Kim, Min-Je;Kwon, Sae-Bom;Ham, Seung Hoon;Jeong, Eui-Suk;Choi, Yang-Kyu;Choi, Kang Duk;Hong, Jin Tae;Jung, Seung Hyun;Yoon, Do-Young
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제25권5호
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    • pp.648-657
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    • 2015
  • H9, a novel herbal extract, demonstrated cytotoxicity in A549 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. In this study, we investigated whether H9, and/or co-treatment with an anticancer drug, pemetrexed (PEM), inhibited tumor growth in BALB/c nude mice models bearing A549 NSCLC cells. The mice were separated into groups and administered H9 and PEM for 2 weeks. Protein and mRNA levels were detected using western blotting and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, respectively; immunohistochemistry (IHC) was also performed on the tumor tissues. H9 and co-treatment with PEM induced the cleavage of proapoptotic factors, such as caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, and poly(ADP)-ribose polymerase (PARP). Expression levels of cell-death receptors involving Fas/FasL, TNF-related apoptosisinducing ligands (TRAIL), and TRAIL receptors were increased by H9 and co-treatment with PEM. Furthermore, analysis of levels of cell-cycle modulating proteins indicated that tumor cells were arrested in the G1/S phase. In addition, the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt survival signaling pathways were inhibited by H9 and co-treatment with PEM. In conclusion, H9 and co-treatment with PEM inhibited tumor growth in BALB/c nude mice models bearing A549 NSCLC cells. These results indicate that H9 and co-treatment with PEM can be used as an anticancer therapy in NSCLC.

Crystal Structure Analysis of 6-Ethoxy-3-phenyl-5a,9a-dihydro-3H-chromen[4,3-c][1,2]oxazole-3a(4H)-carbonitrile

  • Malathy, P.;Sharmila, P.;Srinivasan, J.;Manickam, Bakthadoss;Aravindhan, S.
    • 통합자연과학논문집
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    • 제9권2호
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    • pp.94-102
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    • 2016
  • The crystal structure of the potential active 6-ethoxy-3-phenyl-5a,9a-dihydro-3H-chromen[4,3-c][1,2]oxazole-3a(4H)-carbonitrile ($C_{19}H_{15}N_2O_3$) has been determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction technique. The title compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c with unit cell dimension a= 29.3026(9) ${\AA}$, b= 6.7695(2) ${\AA}$ and c= 19.7597(6) ${\AA}$ [${\alpha}= 90^{\circ}$, ${\beta}= 125.709(10)^{\circ}$ and ${\gamma}= 90^{\circ}$]. Single crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction were obtained by slow evaporation method, the isoxazole and six membered pyran rings adopts envelope conformation. The crystal packing of the molecules is stabilized by the weak $C-H{\ldots}N$ hydrogen bond interaction.

Dithiocarbamate 금속착물의 용매추출 및 분석적 응용(제2보) Dibenzylammonium dibenzyldithiocarbamate 금속착물의 추출평형 (Studies on Solvent Extraction and Analytical Application of Metal Dithiocarbamate Complexes(II). Extraction Equilibria of Metal-Dibenzylammonium dibenzyldithiocarbamate Complexes)

  • 이종선;최종문;최희선;김영상
    • 분석과학
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    • 제9권3호
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    • pp.221-234
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    • 1996
  • 흔적량 금속이온인 Ag(I), Pd(II), Au(III) 및 Pt(IV)의 dibenzylammonium dibenzyldithiocarbamate(DBADBDC) 착물을 용매추출하기 위한 기초적인 연구를 수행하였다. 클로로포름으로 리간드 및 금속착물을 추출하기 위한 pH의 영향을 조사한 결과, DBADBDC는 pH 2~9에서 일정하게 추출되었으며 금속착물의 경우 Ag(I)는 산성용액에서, Pd(II) 는 pH 4 이상에서, Au(III)는 모든 pH 영역에서, Pt(IV)는 pH 3 이상에서 일정하게 추출되었다. 금속-DBDC 착물의 수용액과 용매간 분배 및 추출평형에서 분포비와 추출률은 Ag(I)의 경우 pH 0에서 log D=4.226 : E(%)=99.9%, Pd(II)는 pH 4~7에서 log D=1.804 ; E(%)=98.5%, Au(III)는 pH 2~10에서 log D=3.755: E(%)=99.9%, Pt(IV)는 pH 8에서 log D=0.165 : E(%)=57.2%의 최대값을 나타내었다. 몰비법으로 금속이온과 리간드가 착물을 형성할 때의 결합비를 조사해 보았다. Ag(I)는 1 : 1, Pd(II), Au(III) 및 Pt(IV)는 1 : 2의 착물을 형성하였으며, Au(III) 와 Pt(IV)는 착물내에 염화이온이 포함되어 있었다. 수용액에 염화이온이 존재할 때의 금속-클로로 착물의 추출반응을 규명할 수 있었으며, 각 금속이온을 착화제인 DBADBDC로보 추출할 때 각각의 추출반응과 상수식을 얻을 수 있었다.

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Teaching a Known Molecule New Tricks: Optical Cyanide Recognition by 2-[(9-Ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)methylene]propanedinitrile in Aqueous Solution

  • Tang, Lijun;Zhao, Guoyou;Wang, Nannan
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제33권11호
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    • pp.3696-3700
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    • 2012
  • The colorimetric and fluorescent cyanide recognition properties of 2-[(9-ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)methylene]-propanedinitrile (1) in $CH_3CN-H_2O$ (2/1, v/v, HEPES 10 mM, pH = 7.0) solution were evaluated. The optical recognition process of probe 1 exhibited high sensitivity and selectivity to cyanide ion with the detection limit of $2.04{\times}10^{-6}$ M and barely interfered by other coexisting anions. The sensing mechanism of probe 1 is speculated to undergo a nucleophilic addition of cyanide to dicyanovinyl group present in compound 1. The colorimetric and fluorescent dual-modal response to cyanide makes probe 1 has a potential utility in cyanide detection.

잉어에 있어서 Quinolones (Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin 및 Oxolinic acid)의 경구투여에 따른 장기내 분포상 (Distribution of Quinolones (Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin and Oxolinic acid) after Oral Administration in Carp (Cyprinus carpio))

  • 최민순;박관하
    • 한국어병학회지
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    • 제18권3호
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    • pp.269-276
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    • 2005
  • 본 실험에서 잉어를 대상으로 CPF, NRF 및 OXA등의 약제를 어체당 20 mg/kg 현탁액을 경구투여 후에 1-96 시간 경시적으로 약물의 동태를 조사 하였다. 각 약제별 최고장기농도도달시간은 간장 (8 h), 혈액 (12 h), 신장(12 h) 및 근육 (24 h) 이었다. 각 약제별 최대농도는 CPF (13.8-19.6 ${\mu}g$/$m\ell$), NRF (11.8-15.9 ${\mu}g$/$m\ell$), 및 OXA (10.8-13.9 ${\mu}g$/$m\ell$)순으로 나타났다. 약제농도는 최고치의 도달 이후 빠르게 소실되다가 48-96 h는 완만한 감소를 보였으며, 이때 장기별 약제농도는 근육 (3.3-6.3 ${\mu}g$/$m\ell$)> 간장 (2.5-5.5 ${\mu}g$/$m\ell$)> 신장 (2.3-4.2 ${\mu}g$/$m\ell$) > 혈장 (2.1-3.0 ${\mu}g$/$m\ell$)순으로 나타났다. 한편, OXA의 경우 다른 약제에 비해서 약물의 정체기가 나타났다. 즉 혈중은 12-36 h;, 고농도저류대 (24 hr; 10.9-8.8 ${\mu}g$/$m\ell$), 근육은 36-96 h에 중간농도대 (60 hr; 8.5-5.8 ${\mu}g$/$m\ell$) 및 간장은 12-96 h에 저농도대 (84 hr; 6.8-3.3 ${\mu}g$/$m\ell$)등이 형성되었다.약제의 혈중농도에 대한 각 장기농도비 (간장;L, 신장;K, 및 근육;M / 혈액;B)는 시간대에 따라 차이를 보였다. CPF는 즉 L>K>M (0.65-1.2/0.82-0.93/1.0-1.7)순으로 시간대별로 차이가 없었다. NRF는 시간대별로 1-8 h 및 12-24 h L>K>M (0.65-1.3/0.86-1.0)순이었으나, 36 h 이후 L>M>K (0.89-1.26)순이었다. OXA의 있어서는 1-8 h에는 L>K>M (0.95-2.1), 12-36에는 M>K>L (0.51-1.0) 및 48-96 h에는 M>L>K (1.0-2.3)으로 나타났다.

Isoimperatorin, $C_{16}H_{14}O_4$의 결정구조 (Crystal Structure of Isoimperatorin, $C_{16}H_{14}O_4$)

  • 김문집;신준철
    • 한국결정학회지
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    • 제8권2호
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    • pp.138-143
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    • 1997
  • Isoimperatorin, 4-[3-methyl-2-butenly)oxy]=7H-furo[3,2-g][1] benzopyran-7-one의 분자 및 결정구조를 X-선 회절법으로 연구하였다. 이 결정의 분자식은 C16H14O4, 결정계는 단사정계이고 공간군은 P21/c이다. 단위세포상수는 a=8.865(1) Å, b=9.331(1) Å, c=16.156(1) Å이며 β=98.12(1)', V=1322.9(2) Å3, T=293(2)K, z=4이다. 구조해석에 사용한 X-선은 Cu Kα선(λ=1.5418 Å)이다. 구조는 직접법으로 풀었으며, 최소자승법으로 정밀화하였다. 최종 신뢰도 R값은 Fo>4o(F0)인 1922개의 독립회절데이타에 대해 5.72% 이다.

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S-Phenyl-S-vinyl-N-p-tosylsulfilimine 유도체에 대한 Thioglycolic Acid의 친핵성 첨가반응에 관한 반응속도론적 연구 (Kinetic Studies on the Nucleophilic Addition of Thioglycolic Acid to S-Phenyl-S-vinyl-N-p-tosylsulfilimine Derivatives)

  • 김태린;한만소;편상용
    • 대한화학회지
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    • 제40권10호
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    • pp.663-669
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    • 1996
  • Vinylsulfilimine(VSI) 유도체($p-OCH_3$, H, p-Cl 및 p-Br)에 대한 thioglycolic acid의 친핵성 첨가반응속도를 자외선 분광법으로 측정하여 넓은 pH 범위에서 적용될 수 있는 속도식을 구하였다. pH에 따른 속도상수의 변화, general base 및 치환기 효과 등을 바탕으로 반응 메카니즘을 제안하였다. 즉 pH3.0 이하에서는 sulfilimine의 질소에 양성자가 먼저 첨가된 다음 중성 thioglycolic acid 분자가 탄소 이중결합에 첨가되고, pH 3.0-9.0 영역에서 thioglycolic acid의 중성분자와 음이온의 첨가가 경쟁적으로 일어나며, pH 9.0 이상에서는 황화 음이온이 첨가되는 전형적인 Michael type의 반응이 진행됨을 알았다.

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EFFECT OF ORCHARDGRASS GROWTH STAGE ON POOL SIZE AND KINETICS OF DIGESTA PARTICLES IN THE RUMEN OF SHEEP

  • Ichinohe, T.;Tamura, T.;Ueda, K.;Okubo, M.;Asahida, Y.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제8권3호
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    • pp.267-273
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    • 1995
  • The differences in rumen particle pool size, passage rate and rumen degradability in sheep receiving three varieties of orchardgrass hay harvested at pre-heading (H1), early-bloom (H2) and late-bloom (H3) were investigated using four ruminal-cannulated wethers (68 kg) fed 1,300 g of the hay once a day. Representative samples of whole rumen contents were collected at different times after feeding and the quantities of rumen particle pools [large particle pool (LPP), retained on a $1,180{\mu}m$ sieve; small particle pool (SPP), retained on a 47 but passed a $1,180{\mu}m$ sieve; and soluble fraction (SOL), passed a $47{\mu}m$ sieve (SOL)] were determined by a wet-sieving technique. The fullowing results were obtained: 1) The dry weight of whole rumen contents were significantly lower (p < 0.05) for HI than for H2 or H3. The reduction rate of whole rumen contents was slightly but significantly greater for HI that, the other hay varieties. 2) The LPP disappearance rates were 26.2, 25.3 and 21.7 g DM/h for H1, H2 and H3, respectively, and no statistical differences were found among the hay varieties. Appreciable changes were not observed with SPP and SOL throughout measurements for all hay varieties; however the SPP was markedly greater (p <0.05) for H2 and ill than for HI, while SOL did not differ among hay varieties. 3) The SPP passage rate (g DM/h) and effective rumen degradability (%) for HI, H2 and ill were, respectively, 9.7, 56.6; 16.9, 42.3; and 18.0, 28.9. The ruminal tum-over rate for SPP appeared to be higher for HI than for the other hay varieties.

Prognostic Significance of Overexpression of EZH2 and H3k27me3 Proteins in Gastric Cancer

  • He, Long-Jun;Cai, Mu-Yan;Xu, Guo-Liang;Li, Jian-Jun;Weng, Zi-Jin;Xu, Da-Zhi;Luo, Guang-Yu;Zhu, Sen-Lin;Xie, Dan
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제13권7호
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    • pp.3173-3178
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    • 2012
  • The enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) methyl transferase and histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) protein can repress gene transcription, and their aberrant expression has been observed in various human cancers. This study determined their expression levels in gastric cancer tissues with reference to clinicopathological features and patient survival. We collected 117 gastric cancer and corresponding normal tissues for immunohistochemistry analysis. In gastric cancers, 82/117 (70.1%) were positive for EZH2 and 66/117 (56.4%) for H3K27me3 proteins in contrast to only 5.41% and 7.25% of normal gastric mucosa specimens, respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival data showed the average overall and disease-free survival of EZH2 high expression patients was 25.2 and 20.2 months, respectively, shorter than that with EZH2 low expression (40.5 and 35.9 months). The average overall survival and disease-free survival of high H3K27me3 expression patients was 23.4 and 17.4 months, shorter than without H3K27me3 expression (37.6 and 34.5 months). The average overall survival and disease-free survival of patients with both EZH2 and H3K27me3 expression was 18.8 and 12.9 months, respectively, shorter than that with either alone (34.7 and 31.2 months) or with low levels of both (43.9 and 39.9 months). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that H3K27me3 and EZH2 expression, tumor size differentiation and clinical stage were all independent prognostic factors for predicting patient survival. This study demonstrated that detection of both EZH2 and H3K27me3 proteins can predict poor survival of gastric cancer patients, superior to single protein detection. In addition, H3K27me3 and EZH2 protein expression could predict lymph node metastasis.