• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.856-868
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of Qigong gymnastics exercise program on the physiopsychological parameter in essential hypertension. The design of the research was a one group pretest-posttest design. A total of 20 pateints with hypertension who were from forty to sixty-five years old participated in the study. The Qigong gymnastics program was carried out twice a week for thirty minutes or forty minutes for six weeks from 22, Sep. to 31, Oct. in 1997. In order to evaluate the effect of the Qigong gymnastics program physiological parameter (blood pressure, pulse rate, FVC, FEV1, Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, Cortisol) and psychological parameter(self-efficacy, Life satisfaction) were measured before and after the exercise program. Collected data was analyzed by the paired t-test with SAS package. The result are as follows : 1) There were significant decrease in systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, but there was no significant change in pulse rate. 2) There were no significant difference in FVC and FEV1 3) There were significant decrease in epinephrine, norepinephrine and cortisol. 4) There were significant improved in general self-efficacy and life satisfaction. 5) The effect of Qigong gymnastics program by measurement time on blood pressure and pulse rate were as follows : In a systolic blood pressure was gradually significant decreased from 1 week to 6 weeks and diastolic blood pressure was significantly decreased after 4weeks. But there was no significant change in pulse rate. This results suggest that Qigong gymnastics are an appropriate nursing intervention for clients with hypertension. For further research is necessary to reevaluate the effect with a letter experimental design and longer period than 8 weeks for the Qigong gymnastics program.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.59-71
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• 2020

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of posture balance and muscular strength before and after exercise by conducting a health gymnastics program for the elderly with chronic diseases of musculoskeletal system. Methods : The subjects of this study were 32 elderly people who had no experience participating in the musculoskeletal system linkage gymnastics program over 65 years old in a rural area in H city, Gyeonggi-do. The data were analyzed by computerized processing with SPSS 23.0. Results : The results of the study were as follows: First, the average of muscular strength before and after gymnastics according to general characteristics was significant in average according to age, presence of spouse, education level, and cohabitation type. Second, the subjects exercised for 2 days a week, and 25.59(±0.51) minutes on average. Third, the change of balance of the face (t=2.993, p=.011), shoulder (t=3.811, p=.002) and pelvic left and right (t=3.584, p=.004) was statistically significant in the posture balance. Fourth, muscular strength was statistically significant in motor function of AMS, SMS, and FMS (p<0.001). Conclusion : Therefore, after applying the health gymnastics program, the improvement of posture balance and muscular strength of the elderly became apparent, so it is necessary to disseminate this gymnastics program. The health gymnastics program is expected to positively improve the quality of life for the elderly.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.216-223
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• 2021

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of a gymnastics program for eight weeks to maintain better body composition and decrease fatigue among factory workers. Methods: Data were collected in 54 female workers in their 50s and 60s in a factory located in the S city of the K region between April and July in 2019. The subjects were divided into two groups: 1) experimental group (n=27) received a 30 minute-gymnastics program three times per week, and 2) control group participated in lecture series about the principle and effect of the gymnastics program. Body composition and fatigue levels were measured before and after the intervention and analyzed using the SPSS 23.0 program. To evaluate the differences in demographic and clinical characteristics between the experimental and control groups, the chi-squared test and the t-test were used. Repeated measures two-way ANOVA was performed to evaluate the change between outcomes of the pre-and post-investigation. Pairwise comparisons were used to assess the differences between the groups and the time. Results: There are statistically significant differences in body fat mass (p<.001), body fat percentage (p<.001), basal metabolic rate (p<.001), and body mass index (p<.022) in the experimental group compared to the control group. In particular, there is a significant interaction between the groups and the time in body fat mass (F=6.308, p=.015), basal metabolic rate (F=11.397, p=.001), fatigue (F=6.933, p=.011). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that using the gymnastics program helps women in their 50s and 60s who work in factories promote better body composition and reduce fatigue levels.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.388-395
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• 2011

This study was performed to grasp the relation between the effect and the satisfaction of a mouth gymnastics program on the promotion of oral function of old persons. The experimental group of 47 old persons conducted a mouth gymnastics exercise two times every week for 12 weeks, while the control group of 39 old persons carrying out physical examinations. The mean salivary secretion in the experimental group was 0.075 ml and more than 0.046 ml in the control group. Maximum mouth opening in the experimental group, 4.12 cm, was higher than 3.92 cm in the control. Oral diadochokinesis in experimental and control group was 1.69 times per second and 1.65, respectively. The result of principal component analysis by Quartimax method with Kaiser normalization showed that program prevalence prediction of mouth-gymnastics exercise was high, and it is estimated that this exercise program would be more popular for health promotion of old persons. From the correlation analysis, mouth gymnastics exercise made salivary flow increase(r=.592), this exercise should be recommended actively for improving mouth health of old persons. Also more modification is required for old persons with difficulty in mouth gymnastics exercise. Some movements of the mouth gymnastics exercise need be modified, and then the exercise should be publicized as one of the ways to improve holistic health of the aged.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.323-333
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• 2002

Number of elderly, above 65 years old are 3,384,576 in korea on AD2000. Half of them will be have an experiencing in fall and decreasing of balance performance from musculoskeletal problems. Muscle strengthening exercise, empty hand gymnastics, gait training, rhythmic gymnastics are improved increasing of balance performance and prevent fall. Regular exercise program will make improve the balance performance and prevent fall. The exercise program have to perform continually that intensity and frequency will be once in day or 3-4 times in a week. Intensity and frequency of the exercise program start with low intensity and low frequency and gradually increasing of the intensity and frequency.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.150-157
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of short-tenn stretching type of muscular strength gymnastics on health-related fitness and rating of perceived pain for automotive industry workers. The subjects selected were 27, who were divided into 3 groups(A group=10, B group=9, C group=8). Group A performed a short-term stretching Type of Muscular Strength Gymnastics only one time. Group B continuously performed the exercise program two times. Group C was a control group. The exercise program was a stretching Type of Muscular Strength Gymnastics, which was performed 3 times per week for 4 weeks. Its intensity was RPE 11-15. Data analysis was conducted by using SPSS ver 14.0. The test was conducted with two-way repeated ANOVA, post-hoc Ducan and paired t-test (a<.05). This study showed the following results. Muscular strength, muscular endurance and flexibility increased in all intra and between groups. Ratio of %fat decreased for group B but the control group presented conversely. Rating of perceived pain of group A decreased at arm and hands. Rating of perceived pain of group A decreased at back and leg.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.843-852
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• 2012

Purpose: In this study a recreational combination gymnastics program was provided for women 75 years of age or older and the effects on physical fitness (grip strength, static balance, ability to do complex movement), depression, cognitive function and quality of life were examined. Methods: A quasi-experimental study employing a nonequivalent control group, pre-post design was conducted. Participants included 53 women elders whose cognitive function was within the normal range. The women were assigned to an experimental group (27) or a control group (26). The intervention was conducted twice a week for a period of 12 weeks. Chi-square test, t-test, paired t-test, Wilcoxon rank sum test and Wilcoxon signed rank test were used for data analysis. Results: Following completion of the program, left grip strength (t=2.17, p=.035), right grip strength (t=2.04, p=.046), static balance (t=-2.18, p=.030), depression (z=-2.88, p=.004), cognitive function (t=3.96, p<.001), and quality of life (t=-3.19, p=.002) were significantly better in the experimental group. Conclusion: Findings from this study indicate that recreational combination gymnastics programs are effective in enhancing physical fitness, cognitive function, and quality of life and in decreasing depression for female elders and could therefore be regarded as positive programs for promotion of physical and mental health for older women.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.383-390
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• 2016

Objective: Gymnastics on rings needs a high level of muscle strength with balance ability for controlling the body. A study on a new balance training program is necessary for elite gymnasts. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an 8-week pilates core-muscle training on balance ability and asymmetry index of the L-sit on the rings in male elite gymnasts. Method: Ten elite gymnasts (age: $20.6{\pm}0.7years$, height: $169.9{\pm}4.9cm$, weight: $65.4{\pm}5.6kg$, career duration: $20.6{\pm}0.7years$), who are students at K-university, participated in this study. Results: First, the range of the COM tended to decrease in the anterior-posterior direction. Second, the left hip joint angle and knee extension and ankle dorsiflexion angles significantly increased after the pilates training. Third, the ROM also increased. Fourth, the symmetry value increased in the hip angle, while the symmetry index in all joints of the ROM decreased. As a result, the pilates core-muscle training influenced the static balance ability during the L-sit on the rings. Conclusion: Accordingly, the pilates core-muscle training is suitable in enhancing the basic balance ability in gymnastics on rings.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.1153-1162
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was to develop and evaluate a folk play program as a nursing intervention for the elderly with dementia. Method: First, a folk play program was developed through a careful study of literature review and field-work. Second, a nonequivalent control group pre-post test was designed. The subjects of the study were the elderly with dementia staying in nursing homes; 15 were in an experimental group adopting a folk play program developed through this study, 18 in the control group on a gymnastics and walking program which is generally used. The 40 min. intervention was conducted 5 times a week for 4 weeks. Result: The folk play program improved the cognition(t=6.12, p<.001) and ADL(t=2.92, p=.014) and diminished the frequency of problematic behaviors significantly(t=-6.39, p<.001). There was a significant difference of cognition, ADL, and problematic behaviors between the control and the experimental group before and after the experiment(t=3.38, p=.002; t=2.05, p=.046; t=-7.74, p<.001). Conclusion: Compared with the gymnastics and walking program, the folk play program proved to be much more effective in the elderly with dementia in improving their cognition and ADL, as well as in diminishing their problematic behaviors. Therefore, a folk play program should be appliedas an effective and practical Korean nursing intervention for the elderly with dementia.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.269-279
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• 2011

This study was analyzed the characteristics on the stability of posture while conducting a through two and half rotation technic of pench$\acute{e}$ in rhythmic gymnastics. Two rhythmical gymnastics player(LKH and SSJ) who is a member of the national team were selected, and for obtain the kinematic and kinetic variables were used a ProReflex MCU 240 infrared camera(Qualisys, Sweden) and a Type9286A force platform(Kistler, Switzerland). The mechanical factors were computed by using Visual3D program and Matlab R2009a. During the landing and rotation phase the results showed following characteristics; 1) In medial-lateral and horizontal displacement of the support foot, LKH showed smaller movement than SSJ, but SSJ showed smaller movement than LKH in swing foot. LKH showed bigger movement in medial-lateral axis of COP and vertical axis of COG, but SSJ showed bigger movement in horizontal axis of COP and medial-lateral axis of COG. 2) SSJ showed bigger maximum horizontal and vertical velocity at P1 and P2 than LKH. 3) In the inclination angle of COP and COG, SSJ showed smaller change than LKH, but within medial-lateral tilt of the shoulder, LKH performed rotation motion in horizontal position than SSJ. There was no differences in each force components during rotation, but on landing phase, the results showed a characteristic that SSJ exerted bigger breaking force and vertical force than LKH.