• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.96 no.4
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• pp.494-501
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• 2007

There has been a conflict over the use of private forest in Mt. Jiri National Park among the stakeholders. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to define each stakeholders' recognition difference about value and conflict of Mt. Jiri National Park and find the possibility of creating agreement point for solving conflict. For the purpose, the study performs factor analysis on the value of national park and conflict factor and abbreviates them to 4 factors respectively. The study classifies and compares the recognition difference among the stakeholders with t-test and Duncan multiple comparison. The result of this study is that village residents, Korea Forest Service and local autonomy share the same recognition about the value of national park but National Park has different recognition. Regarding the conflict, National Park, Korea Forest Service and local autonomy share the same recognition but village residents have different recognition. Regarding the organization of conference as a direction to solve conflict and its reason, all of the stakeholders share the same recognition. It is necessary to adopt clear standard for the use of forest and apply the different execution of regulation to each area.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.309-319
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to compare the nutritional menu value of self-selected diet in Korean adults residing in different regions. Subjects were recruited and divided into three groups according to the districts where they lived, which included rural district(n=137), coastal district(n=100), and urban district(n=117). Subjects were interviewed using a general questionnaire and 24-hour recall method for dietary intake. The average age of the subjects were 57.5 years for rural district, 57.0 years for coastal district, and 47.9 years for urban district. The contents of energy, calcium, zinc, vitamin $B_2$, and vitamin E in self-selected diet were 76.1%, 60.1%, 73.1%, 68.6%, and 80.4% of RDAs, respectively. Index of nutritional quality(INQ) for calcium and vitamin $B_2$ was below in 1 in region groups. The contents of calcium and vitamin E in self-selected diet of rural and coastal districts were significantly lower than those of urban district. The numbers of food items in diet of rural, coastal, and urban district were 14.6, 15.3, 15.1 for breakfast, 16.5, 11.8, 17.0 for lunch, 14.9, 12.1, 15.1 for dinner, respectively. However, there was no significance in total food intake by regions. The food intakes from cereals, mushrooms, vegetables of rural district, that from fishes of coastal district, and those from sugars, milks, oils of urban district were the highest among three districts. The numbers of dish items in diet of rural, coastal, and urban district were 4.1, 4.4, 4.1 for breakfast, 4.5, 3.7, 4.4 for lunch, 4.0, 3.8, 4.2 for dinner, respectively. Especially, the number of food and dish items in lunch menu of coastal district was the lowest among region groups. According to these results, it could be suggested to add milk and its products in lunch menu of rural and coastal districts and to supplement fish and shellfish like anchovy in diet of rural and urban districts. And it is recommended to increase food and dish items in diets of three region groups.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.165-180
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• 2007

Dental Implants have been proved to be successful prosthetic modality in edentulous patients for 10 years. However, there are few reports on the survival of implant according to location in molar regions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the $4{\sim}5$ years' cumulative survival rate and the cause of failure of dental implants in different locations for maxillary and mandibular molars. Among the implants placed in molar regions in Gwangju Mir Dental Hospital from Jan. 2001 to Jun. 2002, 473 implants from 166 patients(age range; $26{\sim}75$) were followed and evaluated retrospectively for the causes of failure. We included 417 implants in 126 periodontally compromised patients, 56 implants in 40 periodontal healthy patients, and 205 maxillary and 268 mandibular molar implants. Implant survival rates by various subject factors, surgical factors, fixture factors, and prosthetic factors at each location were compared using Chi-square test and Kaplan-Meier cumulative survival analysis was done for follow-up(FU) periods. The overall failure rate at 5 years was 1O.2%(subject level) and 5.5%(implant level). The overall survival rates of implants during the FU periods were 94.5% with 91.3% in maxillary first molar, 91.1% in maxillary second molar, 99.2% in mandibular first molar and 94,8% in mandibular second molar regions. The survival rates differed significantly between both jaws and among different implant locations(p<0.05), whereas the survival rates of functionally loaded implants were similar in different locations. The survival rates were not different according to gender, age, previous periodontal status, surgery stage, bone graft type, or the prosthetic type. The overall survival rate was low in dental implant of too wide diameter(${\geq}5.75$ mm) and the survival rate was significantly lower for wider implant diameter(p

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.72-87
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to investigate how environmental attitudes of top managers of hotel business affect on environmental commitment of hotel employees and identify of the mediator effects of line supervisor and peer group during implementing green management process using Sobel z test. Data analysis is conducted by SPSS 18.0. The findings and implications can be summarized as follows. First, environmental attitudes of top managers has significantly positive effect on environmental attitude of line supervisors and peer group. Second, environmental attitude of line supervisors and peer group, in turns, has significantly positive effect on value or normative commitment on green management of hotel employments. Third, there is positive mediating effect of environmental attitude of line supervisors and peer group between environmental attitudes of top managers and value or normative commitment of hotel employees. Hence we can conclude that implementing of green management intention of top managers to hotel employs in work place needs strong support of line supervisors and peer group.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.1145-1151
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• 2012

Aspirin and its deacetylated form, sodium salicylate (NaSal), have been shown to exert chemopreventive activities against many human cancers including those of the colon, lung, and breast. Previously, we showed that combined treatment of NaSal and genistein synergistically induced apoptosis in A549 lung cancer cells, indicating that these two natural chemicals could be used in combination for cancer therapy. In this study, we examined effects of NaSal/genistein combined treatment on other cancer cells and in three-dimensional multicellular tumor spheroid (MTS) and in an in vitro solid tumor model. We found that the combined treatment induces apoptosis in the HCT116 cells and the A549 cells, but not in the MCF-7 cells. Interestingly, the MCF-7 cells responded to the NaSal/genistein combined treatment by undergoing cell death when they were cultivated as MTS. The combined treatment induced apoptosis at an earlier stage in the MCF-7 MTS culture. However, when the MCF-7 MTS was cultivated for a longer period, it induced necrosis rather than apoptosis. We further found that the apoptotic pattern observed in MCF-7 MTS was incomplete: the chromatins were condensed and fragmented, but the nuclear membrane was still intact. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the NaSal/genistein combined treatment induces incomplete apoptosis and necrosis in the MCF-7 MTS culture system.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.61-72
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was to examine the frequency, distribution and characteristics of researches using biological measurement published from 2000 to 2004 in 10 major nursing journals in Korea, Design: Literature analysis. Method: Journals including papers using biological measurements, publishing year, research design and outcome variables were analyzed. Results: 1. Researches using biological measurement were 318(13.3%). 2. Researches using biological measurement in the Korean Academy of Nursing were highest(97papers, 17.5%) among the nursing journals. The proportion of papers using biological measurement to total number of papers was the highest in the Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science as 77.3%(51papers). 3. The 233 papers(73.3%) were experimental researches among 318 papers using biological measurement which showed the highest proportion. 4. Patients were highest subjects of researches using biological measurement(197papers, 61.9%). 5. Blood test was most frequently used as physiological variables from 2001 to 2004. Conclusion: Researches using biological measurement of 10 Korean Nursing Journals in year 2000-year 2004 were very low. We need more researches using biological measurement to provide more objective evidence for nursing practice.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.33-41
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• 2018

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of Korean Medicine treatment on lumbar disc herniation (LDH) and predictive factors associated with disc resorption by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods A retrospective study was carried out in 79 lumbar disc herniation patients who had visited Haeundae Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine. Patients' diagnosis was based on MRI. MRI was performed on two or more occasions and patients were received Korean Medicine treatment within the period. The volume of each herniated disc was measured three-dimensionally and patient characteristics, interval between MRIs, herniated disc level, disc herniation type, disc migration, intactness of posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL), initial volume of herniated disc, modic change, disc resorption rate were statistically analyzed. Results The mean volumes of herniated discs before Korean Medicine treatment and after Korean Medicine treatment were $1,547.81{\pm}598.15mm^3$ and $947.06{\pm}335.28mm^3$, respectively. The mean resorption rate was $35.7{\pm}16.3%$. Disc extent, intactness of PLL and initial volume of herniated discs were significantly correlated with resorption rate (p=0.003, p=0.001 and p=0.024, respectively). Conclusions Korean Medicine treatment is an effective conservative treatment for lumbar disc herniation. Factors such as disc migration, intactness of PLL, initial volume of herniated disc have a significant association with disc resorption rate.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.88-116
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• 2009

Background : EBM (the evidence based medicine) is the direction of the development for oriental medicine. The pulse meter-analyzer is the important part to standardize the pulse diagnosis. When we set up the direction of the study on the pulse meter-analyzer, the awereness about the pulse meter and analyzer of the clinical oriental medical doctors as consumers is very important. Objectives : In order to prepare for the mutual study and the export strategy on the pulse meter-analyzer of Korea and China, the attitude of the study and the grasp of the awereness about the pulse meter-analyzer of the Chinese medical doctors are very important. Methods : We developed the several items as the important factor of the development of the pulse meter and analyzer. They were translated by chinese medical doctor. The investigation for demend was conducted during 3 months in Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China. The results of the investigation was done the statistical method of frequency analysis, Chi-squared test, correspondence analysis. Results : The most important differentiation of symptom is the symptom of JANG-BU(臟腑). The method of the utility in the pulse diagnosis is Chon-Gu (寸口) pulse diagnosis and the research on Chon-Kwan-Cheok(寸關尺) is the most important measurement factor. And the typical the old pulse is the little-fine weak pulse. The pulse meter-analyzer is most suitable to the diagnosis of the hypertension and the arteriosclerosis. Conclusion : The development of the pulse analyzer including the requests of Korean and Chinese medical doctors is very important. Specially the researches on the influence factors of the traditional diagnosis and the environment of the measurement are important for developing the pulse analyze.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.179-192
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• 2013

This study is characterized the groundwater flow pattern near crystalline site of Yangbook-Myeon, Gyeong-ju City, South Korea. From the time series analyses, groundwater level could be classified into 4 types reflecting the hydrogeological characteristics and rainfall pattern. The type I (DB1-1, DB1-2) may be directly influenced by rainfall pattern. The type II (DB1-3, DB1-7, KB-1, KB-2, KB-3, KB-7, KB-14, KB-15) may be influenced by rainfall event as well as groundwater flow through water-conducting features. The type III (DB-5, DB1-6, DB2-2, KB-10, KB-11, KB-13) may be predominantly happens in the crystaline rock mass, groundwater in this type flows through the minor fracture networks rather than direct effect of rainfall event. The type IV (DB1-8, KB-9) may be influenced by irregular variation of the groundwater level due to anisotropy and heterogeneity of crystalline rock.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.70-80
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• 2020

This study examined the effects of the R&D project managers' leadership on the product development performance. A survey was carried out empirically on a group of 175 experts associated with project management R&D operations in the field of manufacturing, construction engineering, shipbuilding, plant, and IT. The survey results showed that the effects of the R&D project managers' leadership on the product development performance were not significant, and the mediating effects of the project sponsor roles were significant. This means that the leadership of leaders, which requires efficient control and management based on complicated intergroup relationships and roles, is important in a project involving experts from the professional field. This suggests that the efficient leadership of leaders can improve the performance through the cooperation of members in the organization and aggregation of their core competencies in a limited time. Overall, the key results of this study mean that project leaders should play an active mediating role to maximize their leadership and enhance the role of project sponsors. In addition, the mediating role of project sponsors has an effect on the leadership of project managers, affecting the project performance quality.